Community Services as Part of Health Day Celebration: Need for Targeted Health Care Services | Chapter 2 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 

Background: Every year, nurse lecturers from the School of Nursing and Public Health choose the day's events and graciously provide their time to participate. The procedures included checking blood pressure, weighing, and providing general health instructions on various subjects. In that instance, the events were limited to university employees, a small number of students enrolled remotely, and anyone who might happen to be on campus that day.

Aim: is the present study aimed to take the service to the community around Oshakati to sell their service and to raise awareness about the reality of diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity under the theme: “High blood pressure”.

Method: The activities were carried out in April 2013. The activities were carried out on street vendors at the Oshakati open market, members of the media who captured the event as well as the community members surrounding the Oshakati open market and community members from rural areas who visited the open market on that specific day.

Results: The analysis of the findings was based on the users of the services. Many people who used the services were found to have high blood pressure up to 229/124mmHg, many of the women who sell “okapana” are overweight and seem to have a lack of knowledge about balanced diet because they could not understand why they are overweight compared to their Body Mass Index (BMI). They prefer to keep their “fatness” because if they lose weight they will be laughed at and said to have AIDS. Many people were found to have high blood glucose levels (33.3mmol/L).

Conclusion: The results indicate the need for healthcare providers to strengthen community services and outreach to improve the knowledge and understanding of community members on the need for undergoing regular screening. The interaction with community members was both a professional and learning life experience. Community members showed eagerness to know much about nursing and medical-related issues. Planning the health care services should be done in collaboration with community members.

Author(s) Details:

Lusia N. Pinehas,
Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Namibia, Namibia.

N. N. Shifiona
Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Namibia, Namibia.

 

K. K. I. Shikongo
Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Namibia, Namibia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V6/article/view/14277

Clinical and Pathological Aspects of Papulosquamous Skin Disorders in a Tertiary Health‑care Center | Chapter 3 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 

Background: Skin is the largest organ of the body. Papulosquamous skin disorders are a group of heterogenous dermatoses with distinct histo- morphological features and of uncertain etiology. The characteristic primary lesion is a papule, usually erythematous, that has a variable amount of scaling on the surface. The commonest papulosquamous dermatoses are psoriasis, lichen planus and pityriasis rosea. Because all papulosquamous disorders are characterised by scaling papules, clinical confusion may result during their diagnosis.

Aim: The Study aims to evaluate histomorphological findings in various papulosquamous skin disorders encountered at RIMS, Imphal.

Materials and Methods: Skin biopsies of clinically diagnosed papulosquamous skin disorders along with their relevant clinical data received during a period of two years from September 2017 to August 2019 were included in the study. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain.

Results: A total of 115 papulosquamous skin disorders were studied with 75 cases of psoriasis (11 to 80 years), 36 cases lichen planus (2 to 70 years) and 4 cases pityriasis rosea. Age ranges from 2 to 80 years. Most cases were seen in the age group of 31 to 50(70.6%) with a mean age of 39.18 years. Both genders were almost equally affected with a male: female ratio of 1.13:1. A comperative analysis of the clinical with histopathological diagnosis of these papulosquamous skin lesions revealed a positive co-relation in 76(66.08%) cases and a negative co-relation in 39(33.9%) cases.

Conclusion: It is crucial to identify the type of papulosquamous lesion to determine the appropriate treatment due to the varied clinical presentation and histopathological patterns of the disorder.

Author(s) Details:

Rachel Shimray,
Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of Namibia, Namibia.

Sharmila Laishram
Department of Pathology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Gayatri Devi Pukhrambam
Department of Pathology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India.


Khagokpam Ambala Devi
Department of Pathology, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India.


Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V6/article/view/14277

Insight on Prevalent Viral Infectious Diseases and Their Orofacial Presentation | Chapter 7 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 

In the past 2 years, we have seen the severe effects of viral diseases such as Covid-19, especially causing death. HIV AIDS, dengue, chikungunya, monkeypox, herpes, and blood-borne viral diseases have also come in recent news. There are many diseases that affect individuals. Of these most contagious and most easily communicable are viral infections. They start with cold, cough, sneezing, and influenza conditions. If proper precautions are not taken they are spread from person to person. These viral diseases have dental/oral lesions. If dentists are aware of these, they can definitely early diagnose and treat them. In this study, the oral presentation in prevalent viral diseases like HIV AIDS, herpes, covid, chikungunya, and dengue fever was discussed. It is essential that viral diseases and their oral lesions are examined so that necessary steps can be taken. Dental caries, periodontitis, Perimplantitis, and apical periodontitis are the most common dental diseases which are seen in patients. In the last 2 years, some viral infections have come up that need correct treatment planning for great success.

Author(s) Details:

Dr. Isha Rastogi (Associate Professor) 
Department of Dental, Dr. KNS Mims, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V6/article/view/14283

To Analyze the Outcome of Vaginal Reconstructive Surgery for Isolated Rectocele | Chapter 4 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 6

 

Aim: The present study highlights the symptomatic relief of local and bowel symptoms after vaginal reconstructive surgery for isolated rectocele.

Introduction:  Owing to multiparity, long-term constipation, a sedentary lifestyle, and poor lifestyle choices, isolated posterior compartment defect, also known as isolated rectocele, is increasing. Herniation of the rectum into the vaginal canal is referred to as a rectocele. Difficulty in defecating, constipation, incomplete evacuation, pressure in the rectovaginal area, and manual vaginal replacement during evacuation were the symptoms associated with the posterior wall defect. The cases with isolated rectocele were evaluated and relief of local and bowel functions before and after the pelvic repair were assessed.

Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done between August 2016-August 2018, for the period of 2 years at IIMSR, Dasauli, dept. of OBG, Lucknow wherein cases with isolated rectocele were identified and pelvic repair of the rectocele was done by repair of pararectal fascia without mesh along with pelvic floor repair wherein the medial fibres of levator ani were approximated. Out of 426 cases presenting to the Gynecology outpatient department with mass per vagina, local pressure symptoms, after detailed history and examination, 25 cases of isolated rectocele were included in the study.

Results: A total of 25 cases out of 426(5.86%) were with isolated rectocele.25 cases underwent pelvic repair of the rectocele by repair of pararectal fascia without mesh, excision of the redundant vagina along with pelvic floor repair with approximation of medial fibres of levator ani muscles. There was a significant association between isolated rectocele, chronic constipation and multi-parity. The statistical analysis was done using chi-square and p-value.

Conclusion: The clinicians will need to be well versed in proper evaluation and the operative techniques to manage the defects. More research is needed to be done to understand the correlation between anatomic defect and functional derangement that occurs secondary to posterior wall prolapse.

Author(s) Details:

Dr. Bhavana Gupta,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dr. KN Singh Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki, India.

Yajat Gupta
SS Institute of Medical Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V6/article/view/14280

Fluid Mechanics and Machinery Lab Manual | Book Publisher International

The Fluid Mechanics and Machinery Lab Manual serves as a comprehensive guide designed to accompany students in their practical exploration of fundamental principles and applications within the field of fluid mechanics and machinery. The manual is structured to align with the core objectives of the academic program, emphasizing hands-on experiences that complement theoretical knowledge.

It guides learners through a series of meticulously crafted experiments covering diverse topics such as fluid statics, fluid dynamics, turbomachinery, and hydraulic machinery. Each experiment is meticulously designed to reinforce theoretical concepts, allowing students to develop a profound understanding of fluid mechanics principles. The exercises incorporate state-of-the-art equipment and modern measurement techniques, encouraging students to apply their knowledge in a practical setting. Emphasis is placed on fostering problem-solving skills, teamwork, and effective communication through group experiments and comprehensive lab reports.

Furthermore, the manual incorporates advanced projects that challenge students to delve into research-oriented tasks, promoting innovation within the realm of fluid mechanics and machinery. Throughout the manual, a continuous learning approach is encouraged, with exposure to cutting-edge technologies and methodologies, preparing students for a dynamic and evolving engineering landscape.

In summary, the Fluid Mechanics and Machinery Lab Manual serves as a vital tool in the holistic development of engineering students, bridging the gap between theoretical understanding and practical application. It aims to instill a sense of curiosity, critical thinking, and a commitment to excellence in the exploration of fluid mechanics and machinery concepts.

Author(s) Details:

D. Sathish,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

M. Veeramanikandan,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

R. Vijayakumar,
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/FMMLM/issue/view/1463

Indigenous Development of Adaptive Osborne Reynolds Apparatus| Chapter 7 | Science and Technology - Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 5

 

COVID 19, wars, natural disasters, and others in recent times has caused geometric increase in economic meltdown in developing and developed nations. One of the ripples of these effects includes lack of functional laboratory apparatus in Africa’s tertiary institutions. This research is aimed at fabricating Osborne Reynolds apparatus using locally sourced materials with specific objectives which include analysis of the Osborne Reynolds’s model, preliminary design, construction of prototype, testing, validation, and finishing of the model. Pearson product moment of correlation statistical method was used to validate the newly fabricated apparatus. Result showed that the correlation coefficient of newly and ISO Standard imported apparatus gave perfect fit of 1. The newly fabricated Osborne Reynolds apparatus is much better than the imported ISO Standard once in view of the fact that it required optimal voltage, minimum operational and installation cost, cheaper and locally sourced raw materials and easy mobility. Minimum training cost of technicians on the calibration, use and maintenance of the fabricated apparatus is requires sequel to the fact that international experts and professionals are not required. The federal ministry of education in developing and developed countries should sponsor and encourage creative innovation and entrepreneurship development like this as it will help improve national GDP.

 

Author(s) Details:

Assoc.Prof. (Dr) Akpan Paul P.
Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Ikot Abasi, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Engr. Gbinu Kabari S.
Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Kanee Sorbari
Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Ebuka Ifionu S.
Department of Civil Engineering, Chukwu Emeka Odumegu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria.

 

Engr. Mrs. Dan-Orawari Gloria I.
Department of Welding and Fabrication Technology, Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria.

 

Leyira Goodnews F.
Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori,  Rivers State, Nigeria.


Kenule Gospel J
Department of Computer Science, Kenule Beeson Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/STRUFP-V5/article/view/14930

Investigating Advanced Metaheuristic Algorithms for Economic-Emission Load Dispatch of a Diesel-Solar-Wind Microgrid | Chapter 6 | Science and Technology - Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 5

 

The microgrid system can be identified as a localised power generation infrastructure designed to serve a small region for continuous and reliable power supply. The growing emphasis on environmental sustainability has led to the optimal sizing of all connected renewable and conventional microgrid units such that the power is allocated to non-emitting renewable energy sources primarily.  Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) involves determining the optimal sizing of generation units, with the objective of minimizing generation costs.  The inclusion of the emission minimization objective into the ELD problem transforms it into the bi-objective EconomicEmission Load Dispatch problem. Metaheuristic approaches are found to be the most efficient to solve the EELD problem. Consideration of realistic aspects such as VPL, transmission losses and hourly dynamic load conditions makes EELD a challenging optimization problem. This article explores advanced metaheuristic methods to address EELD problem and proposes the application of the African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) to solve EELD problem of the diesel-wind-solar microgrid. AVOA is then used to solve EELD of an islanded diesel-wind-solar microgrid modelled on field data of a location in Jaisalmer, India. The African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) mimics the vulture’s food-seeking behaviour and navigation phenomena with efficient exploration and exploitation capabilities.  AVOA’s ability to solve EELD problem is initially confirmed on three different-sized test systems of 10, 6 (IEEE30-bus), and 40 units prior to applying it to the microgrid case. To establish the efficacy of AVOA, its performance is compared with other established and advanced methods like SSA, GA, GWO, WOA, MFO, SAR, QTLBO, MOEA/D etc. Apart from the performance criteria like cost, emission, convergence etc; the feasibility of the approaches is further assessed by a novel index named as Viability Score formulated using three main selected criteria. Results of statistical data tests like ANOVA, Wilcoxon and robustness establish the statistical reliability of AVOA solving EELD in microgrid. Further, a multi-comparison post-hoc TukeyHSD test is introduced for statistical comparison of AVOA with other methods more explicitly. Results find AVOA most efficient method with 5.25% and 33.09% reduction in cost and emission respectively as compared to its next competitive method in solving EELD on microgrid (all sources), which is remarkable.

Author(s) Details:

Shilpa Mishra
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, 342030, India.

Abdul Gafoor Shaik
Department of Electrical Engineering, Centre for Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Development, Centre of IoT & Applications, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, 342030, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/STRUFP-V5/article/view/14884