Comparing the Advancement of Existing and Pending University Campus Microgrids: A Comprehensive Review on Principles, Geographical Locations and Applications | Chapter 7 | Engineering Research: Perspectives on Recent Advances Vol. 8

Microgrid systems have emerged as a sustainable and cost-effective solution for several university campuses. Over the past few decades, many universities have turned to using microgrid systems because of their dependability, security, flexibility, and less reliance on the primary grid. The effectiveness of microgrid technology varies among universities, influenced by factors such as campus size, weather conditions, and geographical location. Microgrids on campuses face challenges in the instability of power production due to meteorological conditions, as the output of renewable sources such as solar and wind power relies entirely on the weather and determines the optimal size of microgrids. Therefore, this chapter comprehensively reviews the university campuses’ microgrids. Some renewable energy sources, such as geothermal (GE), wind turbine (WT), and photovoltaic (PV), are compared in terms of installation costs, availability, weather conditions, efficiency, environmental impact, and maintenance. Furthermore, a description of microgrid systems and their components, including distributed generation (DG), energy storage system (ESS), and microgrid load, is presented. As a result, the most common optimization models for analyzing the performance of campus microgrids are discussed. Hybrid microgrid system configurations are introduced and compared to find the optimal configuration in terms of energy production and flexibility. Therefore, configuration A (Hybrid PV-grid connected) is the most common configuration compared to the others due to its simplicity and free charge operation. The installations of configuration A, configuration B, configuration C, and configuration D are %0.54, %0.08, %0.07, and %0.14, respectively.  Results showed that configuration C is less common due to the high cost of fossil fuels and the causes of air pollution.

 

Author(s) Details

Edrees Yahya Alhawsawi
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Effat University, Jeddah 21478, Saudi Arabia.

 

Khaled Salhein
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.

 

Mohamed A. Zohdy
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/erpra/v8/4797

Investigating Advanced Metaheuristic Algorithms for Economic-Emission Load Dispatch of a Diesel-Solar-Wind Microgrid | Chapter 6 | Science and Technology - Recent Updates and Future Prospects Vol. 5

 

The microgrid system can be identified as a localised power generation infrastructure designed to serve a small region for continuous and reliable power supply. The growing emphasis on environmental sustainability has led to the optimal sizing of all connected renewable and conventional microgrid units such that the power is allocated to non-emitting renewable energy sources primarily.  Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) involves determining the optimal sizing of generation units, with the objective of minimizing generation costs.  The inclusion of the emission minimization objective into the ELD problem transforms it into the bi-objective EconomicEmission Load Dispatch problem. Metaheuristic approaches are found to be the most efficient to solve the EELD problem. Consideration of realistic aspects such as VPL, transmission losses and hourly dynamic load conditions makes EELD a challenging optimization problem. This article explores advanced metaheuristic methods to address EELD problem and proposes the application of the African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) to solve EELD problem of the diesel-wind-solar microgrid. AVOA is then used to solve EELD of an islanded diesel-wind-solar microgrid modelled on field data of a location in Jaisalmer, India. The African Vulture Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) mimics the vulture’s food-seeking behaviour and navigation phenomena with efficient exploration and exploitation capabilities.  AVOA’s ability to solve EELD problem is initially confirmed on three different-sized test systems of 10, 6 (IEEE30-bus), and 40 units prior to applying it to the microgrid case. To establish the efficacy of AVOA, its performance is compared with other established and advanced methods like SSA, GA, GWO, WOA, MFO, SAR, QTLBO, MOEA/D etc. Apart from the performance criteria like cost, emission, convergence etc; the feasibility of the approaches is further assessed by a novel index named as Viability Score formulated using three main selected criteria. Results of statistical data tests like ANOVA, Wilcoxon and robustness establish the statistical reliability of AVOA solving EELD in microgrid. Further, a multi-comparison post-hoc TukeyHSD test is introduced for statistical comparison of AVOA with other methods more explicitly. Results find AVOA most efficient method with 5.25% and 33.09% reduction in cost and emission respectively as compared to its next competitive method in solving EELD on microgrid (all sources), which is remarkable.

Author(s) Details:

Shilpa Mishra
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, 342030, India.

Abdul Gafoor Shaik
Department of Electrical Engineering, Centre for Emerging Technologies for Sustainable Development, Centre of IoT & Applications, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur, 342030, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/STRUFP-V5/article/view/14884

Mitigation and Power Quality Enhancement Using UPQC: A Recent Study | Chapter 10 | Research and Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 3

 This paper suggests UPQC control of a transmission line. The main mechanics challenge with micro grids is the issue accompanying power characteristic. The main purpose of implementation of UPQC is to lighten power character issues, like sag/ swells, flickering, harmonics etc. Custom capacity devices have happened introduced in order to address these capacity quality troubles. Among these, UPQC is regarded as a distinctive tool for power kind issues.  Using MATLAB software, the influence of this suggested UPQC is checked for a variety of PQ concerns. The results got demonstrate that the suggested UPQC is more direct at reducing capacity quality problems.

Author(s) Details:

R. Padmavathi,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India.

Vimalakeerthy Devadoss,
University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Nizwa,Oman.

R. Kalaivani,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Tamil Nadu, India.

P. S. Maheswari,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Tamil Nadu, India.

C. B. Venkatramanan,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sona College of Technology, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RADER-V3/article/view/10514

Coordinated Power Scheme to Mitigate Power Curtailment in the Application of a Microgrid | Chapter 2 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 8

In certain cases, while the percentage of renewable energy (RE) has grown, the output of RE has decreased. In the present energy market, wind power (WP) curtailments expand along with the percentage of photovoltaics (PV), adding to the challenges encountered by wind farm owners. In this paper, a method of supervisory power coordination is suggested. The main objectives are to prevent more RE electricity from entering the grid, which would cause curtailments. The suggested scheme is to build a grid-connected microgrid system to be run exclusively in response to loads and virtual power plant (VPP) requests such that the system is operated as an independent microgrid when there is no VPP request. This is done in order to make the proposed scheme practical. The efficacy of the proposed approach was examined using computer simulations in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The verification was done using voltage criteria, including the AC voltage regulation between 6% of the rated AC voltage, the DC voltage regulation between 10% of the rated DC voltage, the power balance according to fluctuations in the loads, and the VPP demands for power. The simulation showed that the suggested technique is viable and warranted, not only for deploying different system configurations but also for minimising power curtailment.

Author(s) Details:

Heesang Ko,

Power System Research Team, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Jeju, Korea.

Gihoon Kim,

Power System Research Team, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Jeju, Korea.

Yanghyun Nam,

Power System Research Team, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Jeju, Korea.

Kyungsang Ryu,

Power System Research Team, Korea Institute of Energy Research, Jeju, Korea.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V8/article/view/7395

Recent Study on Optimal Economic Dispatch in Microgrids with Renewable Energy Sources| Chapter 3 | New Insights into Physical Science Vol. 8

 The use of microgrids receives more interest in the scientific community due to the opening of the energy market and the agreements for the reduction of pollution emissions, but the management of the delivery of electricity has new challenges. As a main component of designing a microgrid, this paper considers various distributed generation systems and the management of resources is described over a period through the proposed dynamic economic dispatch approach. The inputs are obtained by the model predictive control algorithm, taking into account variations in both the consumption trend and the capability of generation systems, including traditional and renewable energy sources. In addition , the proposed solution considers a consumer benefit programme involving the limitation of demand and the regeneration costs of the pollutants generated by traditional generating systems. Via a mathematical programming approach, the dispatch strategy aims to minimise to the minimum the fuel costs of traditional generators, the energy transactions, the regeneration of polluted emissions and, eventually, includes the advantage of reducing electricity demand by mathematical programming strategy, fulfilling all constraints. LINGO 17.0 programme (Lindo Systems, 1415 North Dayton Street, Chicago, IL , USA) implements the model. The findings show the suggested approach efficacy under various considerations through a study case. Improving the operation of the analysed microgrid is accomplished because various variables and potential scenarios of loads and renewable energy production capability are included in the proposed problem formulation. The results obtained by the proposed algorithm in 24 review periods during the study interval ensure that the performance adjustment level of each microgrid generator can be specified at the best possible value.

Author(s) Details

F. Daniel Santillán-Lemus
Postgraduate Department, Polytechnic University of Tulancingo (UPT), Tulancingo 43629, Mexico.

Hertwin Minor-Popocatl
School Engineering and Business (Postgraduate), Popular Autonomous University of the State of Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla 72410, Mexico.

Omar Aguilar-Mejía
School Engineering and Business (Postgraduate), Popular Autonomous University of the State of Puebla (UPAEP), Puebla 72410, Mexico.

Ruben Tapia-Olvera

Department of Electric Power, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), CDMX 04510, Mexico.

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