Bullying in Learning Institutions in Kenya: Knowledge and Interventional Measures | Chapter 4 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 4

 

Bullying in most learning institutions is a ‘silent epidemic’ since the victims are usually threatened not to reveal it to authorities, or they can suffer the consequences. In most cases, learners who are seen as weak in personality and from a humble background can be bullied by others in school. Previous research has shown a lack of effective interventions; hence, this Chapter fills that gap by highlighting possible interventions that can restore dignity to victims and prevent bullying in the future. This chapter, therefore, highlights possible interventions that can be provided to the victims of bullying to restore their dignity and prevent future forms of bullying in schools. This Chapter is anchored on Bronfenbrenner's Ecological System Theory, which emphasises the risks and factors associated with bullying within the school environment during childhood and adolescence stages of learners. This Chapter has significant importance to the scientific community as it addresses the issue of bullying, which is a “silent epidemic” in global educational institutions, including Kenya. The Chapter also emphasises a multifaceted approach to interventions, which are important for school administrators and policymakers to prioritise for equity and psychological satisfaction of all students.

 

Author(s) Details

Emily C. Sitienei
University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.

Hoseah Kiplagat
University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.

 

Esther Nyabuto
University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125-30100, Eldoret, Kenya.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v4/5871

Management of Risk Factors and Associated Causes of Traffic Accidents in Arbil City, Kurdistan, Iraq: A Comprehensive Study | Chapter 8 | New Ideas Concerning Arts and Social Studies Vol. 1

Traffic accidents are a contributing factor to any loss of life, property, or services. It happens when a car runs into another car or something else. Certain elements will manifest, resulting in harm and potentially preventable incidents, and reduced by using the right strategies. These losses came from lower production and recovery costs. This study aimed to know management risk factors and associated causes of traffic accidents in Arbil city. This perspective-based study was conducted from January 2008 to December 2023, at Arbil City, Iraq, and all data was calculated by (NIMS). Data was collected and calculated until August 2020 after that some of the cases were not included and collected due to the COVID-19 lockdown.

 

A total of 41669 traffic cases were recorded during 2008-2023. A high prevalence was found in 2023, and 2022 accounted for 4769 (11.44%), and 4613 (11.07%). While low prevalence was seen in 2012, 2015, 2016, 2014, 2018, 2017, 2021, 2020, 2011, and 2010 years accounted 3320 (7.96%), 3119 (7.47%), 3087 (7.40%), 3066 (7.35%), 3008 (7.21%), 2999 (7.19%), 2871 (6.89%), 2485 (5.96%), 2104 (5.04%), 1943 (4.66%), 1295 (3.10%), 1253 (3%), 1023 (2.45%), and 714 (1.71%) respectively. Among all accidents with high prevalence were crashes 33149 (79.66%), 4343 (10.42%), 3182 (7.63%), bicycles 902 (2.16%), and 85 (0.20%).

 

Human conduct is linked to a high rate of traffic accidents leading to injuries and fatalities. Road accidents have become a significant public health hazard. A new technique for reducing the occurrence of this issue is required.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Muhsen Kamal Yasen
College of Management and Administration, Erbil Polytechnic University, Kurdistan, Iraq.

 

Please see the book here:-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nicass/v1/4209