A Review on the Management of Insulin Resistance | Chapter 13 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 15

Introduction: Interventions for weight loss and relapse prevention have had mixed results. Furthermore, comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and gout have been treated as separate diseases until now, despite accumulating evidence that these morbidities are the result of a malfunctioning metabolism caused by insulin resistance.

The goal of this study is to gather evidence that treating obesity with weight loss lowers comorbidities and improves quality of life.

Obesity and its comorbidities require a comprehensive approach to treatment. It's possible to accomplish it in primary care. A low carbohydrate diet and exercise should be widely acknowledged as the two key parts of treatment that contribute to the desired result: significant weight loss and reduction of comorbidities, as evidenced by improved blood parameters and improved quality of life. Dietitians, with the help of psychologists, physiotherapists, and fitness trainers, can play a significant role in diet management due to the diet's intricacy. Diet and lifestyle play an essential impact in health, and family physicians and nurse practitioners should be aware of this. Medication is not the ideal treatment for insulin resistance and should be avoided as much as possible.

Conclusions: Health professionals can influence the prevalence and implications of obesity and its comorbidities by identifying and treating insulin resistance in primary care, lowering health care costs significantly. Fasting insulin levels are the best way to diagnose IR. Additional tools include measuring waist circumference and calculating BMI. Weight loss should be prioritised by management, which should include a low-carbohydrate diet with adequate fat, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Exercise is an important aspect of relapse prevention and management. Insulin-resistant people may be able to regain their health by following these guidelines. They will always be insulin resistant to some level, and they will be unable to consume the typical amounts of carbs recommended in general dietary guidelines.

Author (S) Details

E. Govers
President of KDOO, the Netherlands; vice-chair of ESDN Obesity of the European Federation of Associations of Dietitians (EFAD),Germany.

E. Slof
EetOké, dietitian, member of KDOO Advisory Board, The Netherlands.

H. Verkoelen
Prima-Vita, dietitian and diabeteic nurse, KDOO Board, The Netherlands.

N. M. Ten Hoor-Aukema
Bon Appetit Dietitians, The Netherlands.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V15/article/view/3873

Study on the Design and Implementation of Flexible Wearable Antenna on Thyroid Gland in the Detection of Cancer Cells | Chapter 7 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 12

 The article discusses an unique Z shape wearable patch antenna that was constructed over textile and other types of substrates to test its performance over microwave frequencies in the ISM (industrial, scientific, and medical) band. The wearable antenna has wearable and textile qualities that bend in two dimensions, demonstrating the flexibility of wearable electrical equipment. Because the antenna's performance is based on the ISM band, it's ideal for biomedical applications. Because of its low SAR, the proposed antenna silk substrate was chosen for implementation and is placed on the thyroid gland to identify cancer cells. When the antenna was placed on the thyroid gland of human tissue, the antenna's performance was altered. Tissue qualities were studied and analysed within and without cancer-affected areas. The gain and electrical conductivity performance of cancer cells were shown to have changed as a result of their higher water content tissues. When the Z-patch silk substrate wearable antenna is placed on the thyroid gland, it is also found that the working frequency of the antenna changes. As a result, the existence or absence of thyroid cancer can be identified by applying this proposed antenna to the human body and analysing the findings. The findings of the simulation have been summarised and measured. The network analyzer was used to show the results of the built suggested antenna S11.

Author (S) Details

I. Rexiline Sheeba
Sathyabama Institute of Science &Technology, Chennai, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V12/article/view/2599

A Rare Clinical Representation of Graves’ Disease and Marine Lenhart Syndrome | Chapter 2 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

 The aim of this study is to review and address the clinical features and treatment options for a rare thyroid condition, Marine-Lenhart syndrome. Bibliographic analysis was the approach adopted. The findings of this study indicate that the pathogenesis of Graves' disease and the nodular development of thyroid tissue with functional autonomy have different mechanisms involved. The illness of Graves is caused by an autoimmune process affecting the entire thyroid gland and is characterised by the presence of antibodies activating the TSH receptor. The present study concludes that the understanding of thyroid disease in Graves' disease should be practised with caution. High doses of oral drugs are required for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis. Soon after oral antithyroid therapy is discontinued, relapsing anti-thyroid therapy occurs. The doctor should be informed of the presence of toxic nodules and the risk of Marine-Lenhart Syndrome in this presentation. Thyrotoxicosis therapy includes high oral doses, or relapsing antithyroid therapy occurs shortly after discontinuation of oral antithyroid therapy. The doctor should be alerted to the presence of toxic nodules, thus the Marine-Lenhart Syndrome. To better understand the processes involved in this clinical organisation, more research on this subject is needed.

Author(s) Details

Fernanda Cardia Martins Ribeiro
IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Larissa Alves Ruas
IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Aluysio Leal Júnior
IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Adriana Andrade de Sousa
IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Adriana Farias Araújo
IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Jonathan Mwambire
Internal Medicine, Malteser Krankenhaus Franziskus Hospital, Flensburg, Germany.

Ana Luísa Conceição de Jesus
Department of Pediatrics, University of São Paulo (USP) Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.

Renata Maksoud Bussuan
IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Larissa Bianca Cunha de Sá
IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Alberto Krayyem Arbex

IPEMED Medical School/AFYA Educational, Postgraduation in Endocrinology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and Medical Clinic in Endocrinology and Diabetology, Schleswig-Flensburg, Germany.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/322