Production of Sustainable Materials from Lemon Bio-waste Using Circular Economy | Chapter 1 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 3

The scientific community seeks to develop processes that allow the selection of chemical substances before they are released into the environment. Therefore, this research contributes to the field of sustainable materials by exploring new properties that can prevent them from becoming problems linked to man and his habitat. Thus, in this work, citrus fruits are used that are not suitable for human consumption, nor for sale in the fruit market or for secondary employment industries such as, for example, feeding livestock. In particular, research will be done on lemon, which is consumed for its flavor and low cost, but its acidity makes it less appetizing. The extraction of the juice generates by-products, which are mostly discarded in landfills. Additionally, it produces gases and liquids that generate a greenhouse effect in the different regions where it is grown. In this work, the research is carried out with the different parts of the lemon: juice, peel and ethanolic extract. The solids obtained were characterized with different techniques and compared with pure silica, synthesized by the sol-gel method, to contrast the morphology of acid hydrolysis with lemon. In general terms, the proposed objectives have been achieved, since the materials were synthesized through a simple and rapid method that allowed their inclusion in oxidic matrices. The principles of the Circular Economy were applied, which has been gaining ground today in the industrial and commercial field, understood as a Fourth Revolution.

 

Author (s) Details

Patricia Vázquez
Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas “Dr. Jorge J. Ronco” CINDECA, (CONICET-CIC-UNLP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v3/4286

Effect of Calcium Doping on Photocatalytic Degradation Efficiency of LaMnO3 on Removal of Methylene Blue | Chapter 7 | Chemical and Materials Sciences - Developments and Innovations Vol. 1

 

This study addresses a significant environmental issue by exploring an efficient method for removing organic pollutants from wastewater, which is crucial for mitigating water pollution. The study's findings contribute to the development of advanced photocatalytic materials and techniques, offering potential solutions for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Calcium-doped lanthanum manganiteLa0.75Ca0.25MnO3 having a Perovskite structure shows a high degree of catalytic efficiency for the removal of organic pollutants (Methylene Blue dye) from its aqueous solution. Organic dyes in wastewater are effective environmental pollutants, the removal of which is a challenging issue. Photocatalytic degradation of such dyes on the surface of metal oxides has been intensively studied and it is found that semiconductor-mediated heterogeneous catalysts are promising candidates to degrade a wide range of organic pollutants. The sample powder(LCMO) has been prepared through the sol-gel technique and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic-Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-VIS spectroscopy. The XRD data showed the formation of a single crystalline phase. SEM images showed that the micro-sized LCMO sample had a nanocrystalline structure with an average diameter of 1-5 µm. The ICP-AES and EDX data confirmed the formation of the required stoichiometric La1-xCaxMnO3 Oxide. Calcium doping resulted in the reduction of band gap energy(Eg) of the perovskite whose catalytic performance towards photodegradation of Methylene Blue(MB)  dye(5 ppm) was evaluated over visible light irradiation at constant dose for several hours at pH value 4. The result showed the photocatalytic efficiency of La0.75Ca0.25MnO3 nanocomposite (0.07 g l-1) was 68.52 % of the initial dye concentration within 100 min illumination time. The linear increase in the rate of photodegradation was found in our sample as a function of irradiation time with a reaction rate of 1.582 x10-3 min-1. The activated electron in the conduction band also responds with an oxygen molecule that is adsorbed on the outer layer of the photocatalyst to form a superoxide radical. These findings showed convincingly that La1-xCaxMnO3 photocatalyst possessed great promise for visible-light-driven photodegradation of MB dye and signifies the effective material for environmental pollution remediation and water treatment technologies. The reproducibility of the sample for degradation was studied.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Himansulal Nayak
Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India.

 

Biswajit Padhi
Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsdi/v1/8567E