Formulation, Evaluation and Assessment of Bilayered Tablet of Candisertan Cilexetil Manufactured by Direct Compression Technique Quantitative Evaluation and Assessment | Chapter 4 | Pharmaceutical Research - Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 1

 

A Sustained-Release Drug Delivery System is specially designed to provide a drug in the human body at a predetermined and constant rate (zero order dissolution).  The primary objective of sustained-release drug delivery is to ensure safety and to improve the efficacy of drugs as well as patient compliance. Conventional dosage forms are accused of repetitive dosing and unpredictable absorption windows that cause a wide range of fluctuations in drug concentration in the bloodstream and tissues with subsequent undesirable toxicity and poor therapeutic efficiency. Bi-layer tablet is suitable for the sequential release of two drugs in combination, separating two incompatible substances and also for sustained release tablets in which one layer is immediate release as the initial dose and the second layer is the maintenance dose. The goal of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate bilayered tablets of Candisartan Cilexetil for an extended period of time. The tablets were prepared by using different polymers (Sodium Alginate, Ethyl Cellulose, HPMC K100M) in various proportions by using (Direct compression method technique).  The tablets were evaluated for Angle of Repose, Bulk Density, Taped Density, Weight Variation, Thickness, Hardness, Friability, Determination of drug content, Scanning Fourier transform- infrared spectroscopic analysis (FT- IR), In vitro Disintegration time Studies, In-vitro drug release studies, Stability studies of tablets and ex-vivo residence time. Nine formulations were developed by using different polymers in different proportion. The formulation F7 shows an in vitrodrug release of 96.28% in 12 h along with satisfactory results. From the experimental results, it was concluded that F7 was the best formulation based on dissolution profile and physical characteristics. Formulation (F7) showed total drug release in 12 hours and showed fair flow properties when compared to other formulations.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Raja Narender. B
Sree Chaitanya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thimmapoor, Karimnagar, Telangana 505527, India.

 

P. Pavan Kalyan
Sree Chaitanya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Thimmapoor, Karimnagar, Telangana 505527, India.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v1/8518E

Determination of Formulation and Evaluation of Floating In situ Gel of Ciprofloxacin| Chapter 7 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 2

The goal of the study was to create Ciprofloxacin floating in situ gel formulations with a small absorption window that are absorbed largely in the GIT's proximal portions. These formulations can be used to treat Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections and urinary tract infections by prolonging the focused effect on bacteria.

Methods: Different amounts of sodium alginate, a biodegradable polymer that creates in situ gels, and calcium carbonate, a cross-linking agent, were used to develop in situ gel formulations. The formulations were tested for physical appearance, pH, in vitro drug release, viscosity, in vitro floating behaviour, in vitro gelling capability, and drug content. FTIR analysis was performed on ciprofloxacin, excipients, and formulation optimization.

Results: All of the formulations had the ideal viscosity, making them easy to administer and swallow. With a floating lag time of 32-70 seconds, all formulations floated for more than 12 hours. As the polymer and gelling agent concentrations were raised, the in vitro gelling capability rose. As the polymer concentration grew, the rate and amount of drug release decreased. Among all formulations tested, F4 with 4% w/v sodium alginate and 4% w/v calcium carbonate had the highest in vitro drug release (95.6%) during a 12-hour period. There was no interaction between the medication and the excipients utilised, according to FTIR measurements. The drug release from the formulations followed first-order kinetics with Fickian diffusion.

Conclusion: Using sodium alginate, ciprofloxacin was effectively produced as a pH-triggered floating in situ gelling system.

 

Author(s) Details:

Shailaja Pashikanti,
AU College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, 530003. Andhra Pradesh, India.

B. Jyothsna,
Pullareddy Institute of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V2/article/view/6579

Studying Formulation and Physicochemical Characterization of Buccal Mucoadhesive Films Containing Alfuzosin Hydrochloride | Chapter 7 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

The physiology of the mouth has allowed many drugs to be administered through the oral route. Another promising method for drug delivery is oral mucosal drug delivery, which has a range of advantages. The aim of this study was to embed a drug molecule, alfuzosin hydrochloride, in a sustained release buccal film for an 8-hour duration in order to prevent first-pass metabolism and increase bioavailability. Materials and Methods: In this research, sustained release formulations of alfuzosin hydrochloride buccoadhesive films were developed using the polymers HPMC, K100M, sodium alginate, and chitosan, and the prepared buccoadhesive films were systematically evaluated in vitro. To achieve a unidirectional release pattern, the films were given a backing layer of Eudragit RS100. Weight, thickness, material uniformity, folding durability, bioadhesive ability, surface pH, in vitro drug release, and ex vivo buccal permeation tests were all used to test the films. The solvent-cast films had a smooth and elegant look, were uniform in thickness, weight, and drug content, and had strong folding endurance. The formulations were found to be solid but not brittle based on mechanical properties. Different equations and kinetic models, such as zero order, first order, higuchi's plot, and peppas plot, were used to suit the in vitro release results. The formulation A7 had the best mucoadhesive efficiency and matrix mediated release (2 percent HPMC K100 M and 2 percent chitosan). The value of the correlation coefficient (r) suggests that the drug release kinetics is zero order. A stability analysis of optimised films was performed, and both drug and buccal films were found to be stable. Conclusion: The new buccal formulation appears to be an ideal system for increasing drug bioavailability by preventing hepatic first-pass metabolism. Alfuzosin hydrochloride buccoadhesive films optimised with HPMC and chitosan can meet the ideal requirements for oral buccoadhesive films, and a therapeutically effective amount of alfuzosin hydrochloride can be provided through sustained release.

Author (s) Details

Abikesh Prasada Kumar Mahapatra
OPJS University, School of Pharmacy, Churu, Rajasthan-331303, India.

Sonia P. Nagvenkar
VerGo Pharma Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Verna, Goa-403107, India.

Rajashree Gude
Goa College of Pharmacy, Panaji, Goa-403107, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V1/issue/view/38