Three Varieties Rice from Central Java- Indonesia: Rice Bran Potential as Antioxidant | Chapter 8 | Novel Aspects on Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 6

 This affiliate evaluate antioxidant action from different polarities rice edible grain extract of three varieties of edible grain using two forms of antioxidant testing that were FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), and correlation of total phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid content with their EC50 of FRAP and IC50 of DPPH antioxidant exercises. Rice bran is a rich beginning of natural antioxidants that can be used as free radical scavengers. It is widely acknowledged that many of the today’s diseases are on account of the oxidative stress that results from an imbalance middle from two points formation and retaliation of free radicals. Reflux extraction was carried out accompanying various opposition solvents. A turning evaporator was used to evaporate the extracts. By utilising UV-visible spectrophotometry, the total amount of phenolic, flavonoid, and carotenoid content was driven. Antioxidant activities were evaluated using the FRAP and DPPH tests, and their partnership with the EC50 of FRAP capacities and the IC50 of DPPH scavenging projects was examined utilizing Pearson's method.Ethanolic edible grain bran extract of hopeless rice showed rude EC50 of FRAP capacity 64.35 μg/ml and IC50 of DPPH scavenging venture 23.92 μg/ml. Present research exposed that EC50 of FRAP volumes and IC50 of DPPH scavenging activities of various edible grain bran extracts from three types rice in the range of 64.35 - 387.90 μg/ml and 23.92 - 143.59 μg/ml, individually. FRAP and DPPH assays have the same machine reaction which is energized matter transfer. Electron transfer in DPPH assay, including talent to scavenge free radical of DPPH, at the same time in FRAP assay depend on reduction potential of sample The topmost phenolic content, flavonoid content and carotenoid content were also likely by ethanolic rice edible grain extract of black edible grain. There were significantly negative correlations betwixt total phenolic content and carotenoid content in rice edible grain extract of red edible grain and black rice accompanying their IC50 of DPPH.By DPPH assay, all rice edible grain extracts were extremely powerful antioxidants, with the exception of the n-hexane edible grain bran extract of black edible grain and the ethanolic rice edible grain extract of white edible grain. Red and black rice edible grain extracts' phenolic and carotenoid components were the main beginning of the antioxidant activity calculated by the DPPH experiment.  DPPH and FRAP methods displayed linear influence antioxidant activities of edible grain bran extracts of angry rice. Rice bran of glowing and black edible grain had potential to be grown as natural antioxidant sources.

Author(s) Details:

Rika Hartati,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia.

Slamet Tuty,
Department of Pharmacy, Al-Ghifari University, Bandung, Indonesia.

Hegar Pramastya,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia.

Sukrasno,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia.

Irda Fidrianny,
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NAPR-V6/article/view/11362

Characteristics of Rumen Fermentation of Goat Fed Four Different Diets | Chapter 2 | Newest Updates in Agriculture and Veterinary Science Vol. 1

 The aim of this research was to examine the feed rumen fermentation in the rumen of goat fed 4 different diets. The rumen fermentation measured was pH values, concentrations of VFA (Volatile fatty acids), and Ammonia (NH3) in the rumen of goat. This study was designed based on the Latin Square Design which consists of 4 diet treatments  with 4 replications in each diet treatment. A total of 4 male goats, with relatively the same weight and age, were randomly assigned to an individual metabolic cage fed with 4 diets. The four diets studied were R1: Elephant grass, R2: Mini elephant grass, R3: Panicum maximum grass and R4: Brachiaria decumbens grass. Each diet was added with 20% of rice bran. The result of this experiment indicated that there was no any significant effect of different diets on the pH values, concentrations of VFA (Volatile fatty acids), and Ammonia (NH3) in the rumen of goat. The pH values in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 7.17, 7.12, 7.07, and 7.0, respectively. The concentration of ammonia (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 4.6, 3.3. 4.5, and 4.1, respectively. Whereas the level of VFA (mM) in the rumen of goat treated with R1, R2, R3, and R4 were 40.4, 43.6, 48.7, and 49.9, respectively. There was no any significantly difference (p>0.05) in the characteristic of rumen fermentation between the diet treatment. This might be due to the similarity in the nutrient content of those grasses studied. The characteristic of rumen fermentation was in the range of optimal growth of rumen microbes. It is concluded that those of four grasses studied edible, acceptable and contain a good nutrient as a feed resource for goat. The nutrient content of the grasses studied creates a good rumen environment for optimum feed fermentation in the rumen of goat.

Author(s) Details:

Ismartoyo,
Department of Feed and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Postcode 90245, Indonesia.

R. Islamiyati,
Department of Feed and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Postcode 90245, Indonesia.

Muhummad Rusdy,
Department of Feed and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Postcode 90245, Indonesia.

Mushandri,
Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Postcode 90245, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NUAVS-V1/article/view/8554