Risk Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease Due to Hysterectomy in Type 2 Diabetic Women in Premenopausal Age Group | Chapter 8 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 Background: Women with diabetes mellitus have twice the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) than non-diabetic women of the same age group and bearing the risk of MI in a non-diabetic male of the same age.

 

Aim: The present study aimed to determine the impact of hysterectomy in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus in premenopausal age, on the risk of CAD.

 

Methods: A total of 181 type 2 diabetic women who underwent exercise treadmill ECG testing in the hospital during a 30 months period were studied. Based on an arbitrary cut off age of 48 yrs subjects were assigned in group 1: age < 48 yrs (premenopausal) and group 2: age

 48 years (postmenopausal). Based on exercise treadmill ECG results, they were sub grouped as without CAD (treadmill ECG test negative) and with CAD (treadmill ECG test positive).

 

Results: Age, duration of diabetes, hypertension and CAD were significantly more in postmenopausal group (p<0.05). Age, HDL-cholesterol and hysterectomy were significantly (p< 0.05) associated with premenopausal CAD. In postmenopausal CAD subgroup age, duration of diabetes, hypertension, HDL-cholesterol, sedentary physical activity and hysterectomy were significantly higher (p<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, hysterectomy was strongly associated (OR = 7.73, p = 0.016) with premenopausal CAD.

 

Conclusion: The study projects hysterectomy as a high risk factor for the CAD in premenopausal type 2 diabetics. More information from prospective long-term clinical trials targeted to answer the questions regarding the loss of premenopausal protection of CAD in diabetes and the optimal treatment strategies for both premenopausal diabetic women and CAD will help to guide therapy in the future.

Author(s) Details:

Basab Ghosh,
Dr. Basab's Diabetes Care, Opposite Ramnagar 3, T G Road Extension, Krishnanagar, Agartala – 799001, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V2/article/view/13803

Vitamin D deficiency and Its Link with Inflammatory Markers in Women | Chapter 16 |Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 Aim: Vitamin D deficiency is a serious health problem that affects people of all ages, particularly elderly women. Menopause is a significant event in a woman's life. Women are becoming more susceptible to a variety of metabolic diseases as they get older. The purpose of this study is to determine serum vitamin D and hs-CRP levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.

Methods: The study included 500 female participants, with 400 pre- and postmenopausal women serving as cases and 100 serving as healthy controls. Vitamin D levels in serum were measured using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, and hs-CRP levels were measured using a latex-enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay. All female subjects were tested for serum estradiol (E2) using a competitive immunoassay method. SPSS software, version 22.0, was used to analyze the data. When pre- and postmenopausal women were compared to healthy control women, vitamin D levels were significantly lower and hs-CRP levels were significantly higher (p0.001). Serum estradiol levels were also significantly lower in postmenopausal women. We discovered a strong negative correlation between vitamin D deficiency and hs-CRP levels in both pre- and postmenopausal women.

Conclusion: Postmenopausal women are more likely than premenopausal women to be vitamin D deficient. Low-grade systemic inflammation has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Deepa Gupta
Department of Biochemistry, NAMO Medical Education & Research Institute, Silvassa, India.

Neelima Singh
University of Kota, Rajasthan, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V2/article/view/1789