Environmentally and Economically Efficient Use of Coal Ash in Mortars with Thermal Conductivity Performance for Buildings | Chapter 5 | Engineering Research: Perspectives on Recent Advances Vol. 11

A research work was carried out to study the effect of the substitution of sand by coalash in masonry mortar from an energy efficiency point of view. Sand, a natural mineral, is rapidly depleting due to the developmental boom in India, causing a wider demand-supply gap. On the other side, a huge accumulation of legacy ash in Indian thermal power plants is causing serious environmental threats. To address these issues together, two types of conventional mortar grades, marked as MM-3 and MM-5 as per IS 2250, were studied, and the effect of stage-wise replacement by different substitution ratios (SR) of sand by coalash ( flyash and bottomash separately) on physical parameters as well as thermal parameters were recorded. Fly ash and bottom ash with lime dust and marble dust combinations were also tested as 100% sand-free mortars. Besides satisfying permissible strength criteria as per the Indian Code provision, the thermal conductivity value was found considerably lower than that in the conventional mortar mix. From the experimental results, it was observed that both the MM3 and MM5 grade mortars could be produced at 60% SR by fly ash and bottom ash separately, and corresponding reductions in thermal conductivity values were 69% and 54% respectively, compared to conventional mortar. As regards sand-less mortar for both the grades reduction to the tune of 57% was observed in the corresponding thermal conductivity value. Overall heat transfer co-efficient (U-value) for both side plastered and rendered brick masonry wall panel was found to be reduced by 15.58%, while a comparison was made between the conventional mix of MM5 grade and the corresponding 50% fly ash substituted mix. Thus, such ash blended mortar mix appears to be quite beneficial in building envelope application for lowering the overall cooling demand in building, besides utilizing the coal ash to the largest extent and saving natural mineral sand from rapid depletion. The proposed substitution of sand by coalash in building envelope construction application is also economically and environmentally advantageous.

 

Author(s) Details

Avijit Ghosh
CSIR-Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mallick Road, Kolkata-32, West Bengal, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/erpra/v11/6283

Experimental Development of the Use of Sodium Lignosulfonate as a Superplasticizer Additive in Mortars Used in Civil Construction | Chapter 4 | Chemical and Materials Sciences: Developments and Innovations Vol. 5

The use of stabilized mortar has increased in Brazil in recent years, as it provides greater productivity and rationality on construction sites. One of the greatest technological advances in the mortar business has been the development of new additives, which have been of great help to the civil construction industry. The main objective of this work was to analyze the influence of sodium lignosulfonate on the properties of self-leveling mortars using white cement, limestone and other additives. The repercussions from the addition of sodium lignosulfonate into the prepared mortar were evaluated by mass consistency assays, tensile strength and compression tests. The addition of sodium lignosulfonate negatively influences the fluidity of the mortar for addition values higher than 0.6% compared to white cement. However, for concentrations equivalent to 0.2% and 0.4% there is an increase in fluidity. There is a progressive increase in the compressive and tensile strength of the analyzed mortar, as it approaches its 28th day of mortar hydration, for additions of sodium lignosulfonate, respectively, at concentrations of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%, except for the concentration of 0.8%.

 

Author(s) Details

Fernando B. Mainier
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

 

Jenifer C. de Souza Fassarela
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

 

Renata Jogaib Mainier
Universo – Universidade Salgado de Oliveira, S. Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsdi/v5/1648

Impact of Gypsum Addition on Portland Composite Cement (PCC) | Chapter 7 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 1

 In Portland Composite Cement, gypsum can be used instead of clinker. It influences the compressive strength of cement by modulating the hydration reaction speed in order to get the best compressive strength possible. Furthermore, it delays both the early and ultimate hardening of the cement. Other materials, such as trass, are also employed in this study that were not before examined. It is a volcanic ash-derived soft rock or soil layer. Pozzolana is a kind of limestone that may be added in cement formulations to boost compressive strength. The goal of this study is to see how gypsum affects the quality of Portland Composite Cement, such as compressive strength, setting time, and SO3 concentration. They looked at clinker properties by mixing in some gypsum that had already been used in previous research. The impact of the SO3 concentration generated by the addition of gypsum, on the other hand, requires further investigation. The samples were made with varying amounts of gypsum, ranging from 0 to 5%. As for the remaining components, the clinker ratio was set at 75%, while limestone and trass were added at a constant ratio of 1.2. The fineness factor is kept in the range of 3850 50 cm2/gr as a controlled variable. At the ages of 1, 3, 7, and 28 days, the effect of adding gypsum to clinker was determined using a mortar compressive strength test and the binding time. The results reveal that adding 3.5 percent gypsum to a 28-day cure binder increased the attributes of PCC: compressive strength of 348 kg/cm2, SO3 concentration of 1.7 percent, initial setting time of ≥ 90 minutes, and final setting time of 375 minutes.

Author(s) Details:

Herliati Rahman,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Anggi Sagitha,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

A. Dyah Puspita,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

R. Puput Dwi,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Akhirudin Salasa,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V1/article/view/7092

Study of the Compressive Strength Characteristics of Cement Mortar Reinforced with Kenaf Fibre | Chapter 14 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 2

 Kenaf fibre is one of the various products derived from the kenaf plant, which is found in abundance in many places of the globe. The use of kenaf fibre to strengthen cement mortars as a building material yielded positive results in research. Cement mortar mixtures were proportioned to include 1-3 percent fibre volume and 10-30mm fibre length. The composite's performance is measured in terms of density, water absorption, and compressive strength. According to the findings, water absorption increased with fibre volume but remained within ASTM C 211-77 limitations. The density of the kenaf fibre cement mortar did not change significantly. There is no statistical difference between the means of the compressive strength of plain mortar and those containing 1-3 percent fibre volume at 10mm fibre length, according to an analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 5% level of significance. The compressive strength data revealed a substantial link between fibre volume, fibre length, and curing age when regression models were built.

Author (S) Details

T. M. Omoniyi
Civil Engineering Department, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248 Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.

Duna Samson
DG/CEO, Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute, Abuja, Nigeria.

Othman Musa Waila
Civil Engineering Department, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248 Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCAMS-V2/article/view/2915

Recent Research of Lime Mortar and FAL-G with Urea| Chapter 9 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 14

 Urine is used to improve the characteristics of traditional Indian lime mortar. To provide a more sanitary option, urea (fertiliser) was employed instead of urine in this investigation. Urea is applied in various proportions, including 1 percent, 2 percent, 3 percent, 4 percent, and 5 percent, using Lime Mortar 1:3 and FALG paste. Weight density, water absorption, and compressive strength were all tested on the resultant composites, which were cast into 50-square-centimeter cubes. The output of plain FAL-G cubes and simple lime mortar cubes were compared. With 3 percent urea, FAL-G has greater characteristics than lime mortar.

Author (s) Details

T. Raghunathan
Department of Civil Engineering, P.A.C. Ramasamy Raja Polytechnic College, Rajapalayam, Tamil Nadu, India.


View Book :  https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V14/article/view/1268