Experimental Development of the Use of Sodium Lignosulfonate as a Superplasticizer Additive in Mortars Used in Civil Construction | Chapter 4 | Chemical and Materials Sciences: Developments and Innovations Vol. 5

The use of stabilized mortar has increased in Brazil in recent years, as it provides greater productivity and rationality on construction sites. One of the greatest technological advances in the mortar business has been the development of new additives, which have been of great help to the civil construction industry. The main objective of this work was to analyze the influence of sodium lignosulfonate on the properties of self-leveling mortars using white cement, limestone and other additives. The repercussions from the addition of sodium lignosulfonate into the prepared mortar were evaluated by mass consistency assays, tensile strength and compression tests. The addition of sodium lignosulfonate negatively influences the fluidity of the mortar for addition values higher than 0.6% compared to white cement. However, for concentrations equivalent to 0.2% and 0.4% there is an increase in fluidity. There is a progressive increase in the compressive and tensile strength of the analyzed mortar, as it approaches its 28th day of mortar hydration, for additions of sodium lignosulfonate, respectively, at concentrations of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6%, except for the concentration of 0.8%.

 

Author(s) Details

Fernando B. Mainier
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

 

Jenifer C. de Souza Fassarela
Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

 

Renata Jogaib Mainier
Universo – Universidade Salgado de Oliveira, S. Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsdi/v5/1648

Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Waste Badminton String Fibers | Chapter 5 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 1

 The study shows the judgments of the physical and machinelike possessions of waste badminton string texture (WBSF). As the badminton strings prevent from the racquet, they remain waste and are dislodged with new series. So, the examination on WBSF will help in applying composite applications. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) method is used to find the material properties of WBSF. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) are used to find the polymeric form of WBSF. The mechanical features are carried out in a worldwide experiment machine by direct pliable loading by variable the gauge length to 60 mm, 80 mm, and 100 mm. The test results of WBSF are distinguished accompanying new fibers and the Young's modulus is calculated. The inspection of new and old fibers shows the pliable stress varies 'tween 537.40 to 749.03 MPa. The microstructural inquiry confirms that WBSF is the clean form of polyamide 6,6. Hence the results obtained guides a habit for using WBSF in composite uses.

Author(s) Details:

Kumaresan M.,
Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, India.

S. Sindhu Nachiar,
Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, India.

Anandh Sekar,
Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V1/article/view/11874

A Study of the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Gelatin-based Bioplastics| Chapter 4 | Current Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 7

 Natural biopolymer proteins arisen fibrous insoluble collagen are usual by a wide range of commerces because of their ability to maintain and to be controlled easily. Scientists are interested in verdict alternative polymers of plastic that supply food safety in addition to being environmentally friendly. In this study, an inquiry was carried out to determine the possessions of gelatin as a bioplastic polymer for substitute of artificial film. This polymer is widely used as packing fabrics because of their good degradability and sustainability. In the laboratory, jam-based biofilms are produced by resolution casting in petri dishes. The results of qualified biofilms shows week stiffness (6.38 ± 0.20) and Break point elongation (611 ± 0.56) with separation energy 17 kJ/mol. However, 80% degradation worked out in gelatin biofilm with important protection given by gelatin coatings on food matters. Therefore, for strength, it is urged that to be mixed with the amount of synthesis and jam polymer, so it meets all the packing industry's accomplishment requirements.

Author(s) Details:

Asia Neelam,
Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.

. Omm-e-Hany,
Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAGEES-V7/article/view/8548

On the Tensile Strength of ABS Produced by Fused Deposition Modelling Process | Chapter 3 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 12

 In the production of composites, 3D printing is a valuable approach. Parts with high accuracy, cheap cost, and adjustable geometry can be made. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is proven to be the most versatile method for producing thermoplastic composites among the many methods. This method is ideal for creating pieces with delicate detailing and complex shapes. The FDM process is gaining popularity because to its ease of use and low tooling requirements for manufacturing items. The effect of altering raster angle and layer thickness on the tensile characteristics of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene is discussed in this paper (ABS). It is discovered that as layer thickness increases, tensile strength decreases. The maximum tensile strength is recorded in specimens with a raster angle of 60o.

Author (S) Details

Kaushik V. Prasad
Department of Mechanical Engineering, FET – JAIN (Deemed – to be – University), Kanakapura – 562112, Karnataka, India.

J. Deepak
Department of Mechanical Engineering, FET – JAIN (Deemed – to be – University), Kanakapura – 562112, Karnataka, India.

H. Adarsha
Department of Mechanical Engineering, FET – JAIN (Deemed – to be – University), Kanakapura – 562112, Karnataka, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V12/article/view/2595

Procedure for Estimate Tensile Strength Parallel to the Grain of Tropical Wood Species | Chapter 9 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 1

 Wood, abundant in Brazil, is a renewable resource and has a high relationship between mechanical strength and density, making it ideal for use in building structures. In Brazil, in accordance with the Brazilian Standard ABNT NBR 7190, the calculation of the tensile strength parallel to the grain is carried out using the ratio between the maximum force and the cross-section of the proof measure. The wood anatomy and the fracture plan, which are not identical along the cross section, are not taken into account in this process, with the fracture occurring over a larger area. In view of this, an alternative method for measuring the area of the broken cross section and estimating the tensile strength along the grain is used. This approach was used to determine the tensile strength of hardwood, separated by strength classes, on the basis of the least square method. The pre- and post-fracture areas of specimens were compared and associated. The findings showed that the fracture area was 2.14 times greater than the area of the specimens that were not broken. Then, on average, the tensile strength values calculated on the basis of the intact sample were 47 percent lower than those calculated on the basis of the broken cross-section area, leading to an underestimation of tensile strength.

Author(s) Details

André Luis Christoforo
Department of Civil Engineering (DECiv), Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos/SP, Brazil.

Vinicius Borges de Moura Aquino
Araguaia Engineering Institute, Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará (UNIFESSPA), Santana do Araguaia/PA, Brazil.

Tulio Hallak Panzera

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of São João del-Rei (UFSJ), São João del-Rei/MG, Brazil.

Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr
Department of Structural Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering of São Carlos, University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos/SP, Brazil.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/308