Sulfate Status and Wheat Yield Response to Sulfur Fertilizer in Acidic Soils of Tsegede Highlands, Northern Ethiopia | Chapter 5 | Soil Acidity Characterization and Effects of Liming and Chemical Fertilization on Microbial Growth, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): The Case of Acidic Soils in Tsegede District, Northern Ethiopia, Edition 1

A soil survey and two greenhouse experiments were conducted in acidic soils of the Tsegede District, Tigray Region, Ethiopia to determine available sulfur (SO₄-S) status in three land use types across three sites and wheat yield response to different sulfur (S) fertilizer levels applied in the form of gypsum (CaSO₄.2H₂O) and potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄) along with and without lime. Composite soil samples were collected and analyzed following the standard procedures. Two experiments were conducted following the randomized complete block design with ten treatment combinations: two levels of lime (with and without lime) and five levels of S (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 kg ha^-1 S), one using CaSO₄.2H₂O and the other using K₂SO₄ as increasing of SO4 replicated three times. The results revealed significant (P ≤ 0.01) changes in soil SO4-S status with the change in site and land use type. Its content in the forest land soils was significantly higher by about 162 and 160% over the cultivated and grazing land soils, respectively; the results showed a positive correlation (r = 0.773**) with soil pH and a negative correlation with exchangeable acidity (r = -0.786**) and Al (r = -0.806**). Grain yield and S use efficiency of wheat crop was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected by the application of S in the form of K2SO4 than gypsum. Successive increasing of S fertilizers in the form of K2SO4 up to the level of 50 kg ha^-1 S has been observed to increase biomass and grain yield of wheat considerably. Furthermore, soils treated with S fertilizer along with lime achieved significantly higher yields than those without lime. The findings indicate that due consideration of the impact of land use transformation on soil sulfate status and application of S fertilizers in the form of K₂SO₄ along with lime could improve wheat crop production in the S-deficient acidic soils of the Tsegede highlands.

 

Author (s) Details

Abreha Kidanemariam Hadera
Haramaya University, Ethiopia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48006-81-3/CH5

Impact of Gypsum Addition on Portland Composite Cement (PCC) | Chapter 7 | Research Aspects in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 1

 In Portland Composite Cement, gypsum can be used instead of clinker. It influences the compressive strength of cement by modulating the hydration reaction speed in order to get the best compressive strength possible. Furthermore, it delays both the early and ultimate hardening of the cement. Other materials, such as trass, are also employed in this study that were not before examined. It is a volcanic ash-derived soft rock or soil layer. Pozzolana is a kind of limestone that may be added in cement formulations to boost compressive strength. The goal of this study is to see how gypsum affects the quality of Portland Composite Cement, such as compressive strength, setting time, and SO3 concentration. They looked at clinker properties by mixing in some gypsum that had already been used in previous research. The impact of the SO3 concentration generated by the addition of gypsum, on the other hand, requires further investigation. The samples were made with varying amounts of gypsum, ranging from 0 to 5%. As for the remaining components, the clinker ratio was set at 75%, while limestone and trass were added at a constant ratio of 1.2. The fineness factor is kept in the range of 3850 50 cm2/gr as a controlled variable. At the ages of 1, 3, 7, and 28 days, the effect of adding gypsum to clinker was determined using a mortar compressive strength test and the binding time. The results reveal that adding 3.5 percent gypsum to a 28-day cure binder increased the attributes of PCC: compressive strength of 348 kg/cm2, SO3 concentration of 1.7 percent, initial setting time of ≥ 90 minutes, and final setting time of 375 minutes.

Author(s) Details:

Herliati Rahman,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Anggi Sagitha,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

A. Dyah Puspita,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

R. Puput Dwi,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Akhirudin Salasa,
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Jayabaya University, Jalan Raya Bogor km.28,8 Cimanggis Jakarta Timur, Indonesia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACMS-V1/article/view/7092

Determination of Soil Microbial Population and Enzyme Activities under Jasmine Cultivation as Influenced by Nutrient Sources | Chapter 11 | New Visions in Science and Technology Vol. 8

 The findings of a study done on five distinct types of automobiles in a specified test site are presented in this paper. The goal was to see how the effect of the test site discontinuity influences variations in comfort as a function of speed and the five distinct classes of road vehicles. Data from vibrations in the three reference axes, detected by a vibration dosimeter (VIB-008), and geolocation data (latitude, longitude, and speed) identified by the GPS inside a smartphone were combined to obtain measurements. This approach has proved used in postprocessing to eliminate any measurement irregularities caused by the operator, thanks to the synchronisation of the dosimeter and GPS location. Following the survey campaign, it was discovered that a formula may be used to calculate a Comfort Index (CI) based on velocity and five different vehicle classes. There were also some reference thresholds and six vibrational comfort classes defined. The presence of speed bumps in the test site reviewed appears to be unsettling even at speeds much below those authorised by the Highway Code, according to this study.

Author(S) Details

B. Bhakiyathu Saliha
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Thoothukudi District – 628 252, India.

B. Banupriya
Department of Soils and Environment, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104, India.

P. Balasubramaniam
ICAR – Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kuyavankudi Agricultural Farm, Ramanathapuram – 623 536, India.

R. Indirani
Department of Soils and Environment, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVST-V8/article/view/4838

Recent Research of Lime Mortar and FAL-G with Urea| Chapter 9 | Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol. 14

 Urine is used to improve the characteristics of traditional Indian lime mortar. To provide a more sanitary option, urea (fertiliser) was employed instead of urine in this investigation. Urea is applied in various proportions, including 1 percent, 2 percent, 3 percent, 4 percent, and 5 percent, using Lime Mortar 1:3 and FALG paste. Weight density, water absorption, and compressive strength were all tested on the resultant composites, which were cast into 50-square-centimeter cubes. The output of plain FAL-G cubes and simple lime mortar cubes were compared. With 3 percent urea, FAL-G has greater characteristics than lime mortar.

Author (s) Details

T. Raghunathan
Department of Civil Engineering, P.A.C. Ramasamy Raja Polytechnic College, Rajapalayam, Tamil Nadu, India.


View Book :  https://stm.bookpi.org/AAER-V14/article/view/1268