Haematological Manifestations of Covid-19 | Chapter 14 | Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach

 

The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) grew fast to become a global pandemic and a dreaded disease since its emergence in 2019. This work looks at the hematological manifestation and its effect on some hematological disorders.

The infection through multiple pathways resulted in lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, thrombosis and multiple unique cellular changes seen following COVID-19 infections. COVID-19 can cause severe illness and death in people with a history of sickle cell disease (SCD). Patients with thalassemia are at increased risk of developing severe illness from respiratory infections, including COVID-19, than people without SCD. Individuals diagnosed with leukemias and other hematological malignancies also demonstrated increased adverse outcomes following infection with COVID-19 infections. Vaccine-induced thrombosis (VITT), a condition that has been associated with a specific type of vaccine rapidly came to light following the widespread vaccine campaign to control the spread of the virus.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Aliyu Dahiru Waziri
Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Science, Ahmadu Bello University/Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.

 

Emmanuel Akoyi Akor
Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH), Prozone Diagnostic Laboratory, Jos, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-973195-5-6/CH14

Paediatric Manifestations of Covid‐19 | Chapter 16 | Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach

 

COVID-19 manifests in children with or without symptoms, for the ones with symptoms, constitutional symptoms like: malaise, headache and fatigue. They may also present with Fever, Cough, tachypnea, tachycardia myalgia, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, headache, dizziness, seizure, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Patience Ungut Kanhu
Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

 

Kumbet John Sonny
Geriatric Medicine Subdivision of Family Medicine Department, Federal Medical Centre Keffi, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-973195-5-6/CH16

Otorhinolaryngologic Manifestation of Covid-19 | Chapter 8 | Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach

 

Background: The Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) is an ongoing viral disease that emerged from East Asia and rapidly spread to the rest of the world including the less developed African countries. The most common presentations of COVID-19 include dry cough in about 67.8% of cases, fever (43.8%), sore throat (13.9%), smell disturbances and taste abnormalities. Other symptoms include rhinorrhoea, sneezing, dyspnoea, tonsil oedema, enlargement of cervical lymph nodes and occasionally dizziness. Guan et al. documented that tonsil oedema was seen among 2.1% of the Chinese patients studied while cervical lymphadenopathy was seen in 0.2% of the same population. Labyrinthine presentation in the form of dizziness was recorded in 16% of the 51 subjects with COVID-19.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Abdullahi Musa Kirfi
Department of Otorhinolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University/ Head and Neck Surgery Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-973195-5-6/CH8

Cardiovascular Manifestations of Covid-19 | Chapter 10 | Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach

 

COVID-19 enters the human cell via angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 which is prevalent in the heart, lungs and blood vessels and as such, it’s cardinal manifestations are found in these organs. Cough and difficulty in breathing are the commonest cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19. Other manifestations include chest pain, arrhythmias, thromboembolic events, heart failure, myocarditis and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Physicians have to be on the look out for these cardiovascular manifestations and address them, as COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular manifestations have a 5 fold higher mortality rate.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Patrick Oyigebe Idoko
Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

 

Velji Samuel Gomerep
Cardiology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

 

Oladimeji Adebayo
Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan / Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-973195-5-6/10

The Chest and Radiological Features of Covid-19 | Chapter 9 | Clinical Manifestations of Covid-19: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach

 

Originally reported as a respiratory disease, but with more understanding of the condition, systemic components have been fairly described. Features could be mild, moderate and severe. SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to bind ACE 2 receptors which ultimately results and in an eventual ARDS due to increased pulmonary surface tension.

Radiologic features are essential of the chest and serve as surrogate diagnostic markers and for prognostication. Computed tomography (CT) is the radiological test. Conventional X-ray on the other hand is less sensitive and specific compared to the former but usually, it is the first-line imaging modality used for suspected Covid-19 cases. Findings may be normal in early or mild disease severe cases show abnormal signs which may be categorized as probable/classic, intermediate for Covid-19, non-Covid-19, or normal (note that normal does not exclude Covid-19). These abnormalities are usually bilateral, involving the lower lobes with predominant air space opacification, interstitial infiltrates, or patchy consolidation.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Kenis Shedrack Felangu
X-Ray Group, A Subsidiary of Integral Diagnostics, Victoria, Australia.

 

Chidozie Valentine Adiukwu
Pulmonology Subdivision Department of Internal Medicine, Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria.

 

Abdulkarim Ibrahim Dahiru
National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS), Nasarawa State Office, Nigeria.

 

Khadija Abimbola Abdulraheem
Department of Medical Microbiology, National Hospital Abuja, Nigeria.

 

Ugochukwu Anthony Eze
Department of Ophthalmology, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Nigeria and Honorary Supervisor University of Edinburgh Masters of Surgery Program in Clinical Ophthalmology, United Kingdom.

 

Please see the book here:  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-973195-5-6/CH9

Impact of Covid-19 on Ear Nose and Oral Health during Pandemic | Chapter 3 | Pharmaceutical Research - Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 1

 

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 is a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae originating in Wuhan, China has created an impact across the globe. The SARS-CoV-2, which started initially as a severe pneumonia outbreak in China, has now quickly spread all throughout the globe, COVID-19 has affected a large number of people being reported in approximately 200 countries and territories. The disease has been declared a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020. In this review, an update on virology, pathophysiology, and clinical presentation with a detailed update on oral manifestations. The main suspected mechanism is invasion of the olfactory receptors centrally or damage of the olfactory epithelium which leads to post olfactory loss. Anosmia is usually associated with frontal headache.

 

Author(s) Details:

 

Srividhya Srinivasan
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Maher, India.

 

K. Saraswathi Gopal
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Maher, India.

 

P. Mahesh Kumar
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Maher, India.

 

V. Poongodi
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Maher, India.

 

R. Anitha
Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College, Maher, India.

 

Please see the book here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v1/51

Manifestation of Rural Hollowing: The Phenomenon | Chapter 2 | Recent Trends in Arts and Social Studies Vol. 2

 This study signifies that to describe country hollowing phenomenon has various forms of proof. Rural hollowing considered the environments of rural land, population, business-related, cultural, material, infrastructure, and social services. Researchers mainly believe that country hollowing is the decline of community independence and organizational activities began by population decline and slumping. The findings from this literary study indicate that many proofs have been secondhand by other researchers in clarifying the definitions, causes, and effects of country hollowing phenomena, especially in China. The study decided that the best exhibition in describing this rural hollowing question is Rural Land Hollowing, Rural Population Hollowing and Rural Economic Hollowing.

Author(s) Details:

Norhafiza Abdullah,
Department of Real Estate, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Ainur Zaireen Zainudin,
Department of Real Estate, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Nurul Hawani Idris,
Department of Geoinformation, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RTASS-V2/article/view/10519