Feeding Deterrence Activity of Momordica cymbalaria Fenzl ex Hook Leaf, Fruit Skin, Seed and Tuber Extract against Spodoptera litura Fabricius | Chapter 1 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 2

Spodoptera litura Fab. (Beet armyworm; Tobacco cutworm), a devastating polyphagous pest known to cause cent percent yield loss under outbreak conditions, is regularly managed using chemical insecticides and has developed multi-pronged resistance. Plant secondary metabolites exhibit a wide range of biological activity and may act as feeding and oviposition deterrents, repellents, fumigants, and behavior modifiers. Fruits and tubers of Momordica cymbalaria Hook (Fenzl.) possess anti-ovulatory and abortifacient properties that could be exploited in the management of insect pests. Hence, the feeding deterrent activity of M. cymbalaria leaf, peel (fruit skin), seed, and tuber solvent extract against Spodoptera litura Fabr. was studied. The present study was carried out from 2019 to 2022 in the Phyto-insecticide Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India. Different concentrations of acetone extract of leaf from 0.3% to 0.8% performed better in deterring S. litura larval feeding. Peel acetone extract showed a strong feeding deterrence (94.83% leaf area protection over the absolute control) at 0.9% concentration, followed by medium deterrence at 0.8, 0.7, and 0.6% concentrations (85.62, 77.90, and 67.08 % protection, respectively). The hexane seed extract was comparatively oilier and had a distinct rancid smell noticeable in the higher concentrations (0.8, 0.9, and 1%). Tubers did not exhibit any significant leaf area protection below 0.2% concentration. However, 1% tuber acetone extract showed 99.36 percent protection. The effective concentrations of leaf acetone extract for 50 and 95% deterrence were 0.27 and 0.84 percent, respectively. The effective concentrations of other plant parts were ranked as follows: Seeds>Peels>Tubers. Therefore, it is stated that M. cymbalaria possesses very effective feeding deterrence activity against the common cutworm S. litura.

 

Author (s) Details

YOGAPRIYA ADAIKKAN
Phyto Insecticide Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Annamalai University, India.

 

SELVAMUTHUKUMARAN THIRUNAVUKKARASUA
Phyto Insecticide Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Annamalai University, India.

 

Please see the book here https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v2/4763

In-vitro Anticancer and Antimicrobial Effects of Barleria prionitis Leaves Ethanol Extract| Chapter 12 | Current Overview on Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 2

 The aim of the current investigation search out evaluate the ordinarily used Barleria prionitis for allure anticancer activities against various cell lines and its antimicrobial belongings against different bacterial and fungal strains. Extraction of Barleria prionitis leaves in intoxicating was done by Soxhlet means. After extraction, phytochemical guess of these seven secondary metabolites Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Anthroquinone, Saponins, Terpenoids, Tannins and Cardiac Glycosides was approved as per protocols of Kokate (2010). MIC of BLE has happened done by Dilution pattern on five bacterial and five fungal strains. Total activity deliberate by using Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Statistical analysis of anticancer endeavor was done by utilizing MS Excel 2007 with ±predictable difference and student t-test.Barleria leaf extract (BLE) accompanying ethanol is a non-cold solvent extract that is to say thought expected the best fit for extracting the greatest number of subordinate metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and tannins. BLE extract showed excellent MIC belongings against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. BLE has highly productive activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa accompanying 1.25 mg MIC, OD value of sample is 0.02±0.0005 (±SD) accompanying 0.0211-0.0245 range. MIC against fungal strains have effective exercise against Candida vaginitis with 6.25 mg MIC, OD profit of sample is 0.02±0.0003 (±SD) with 0.0213-0.0232 range. Barleria leaf ethanol extract has likely more than 70% restriction against breast container lines (MCF-7) and it’s near to Doxorubicin medicine (81%). Breast metastatic (MDMAMB-468) was found 60% shy with BLE extract and skilled is lots of dissimilarity in the results of Doxorubicin.BLE extract have given best inhibitory belongings against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bacterial strains and Candida vaginitis fungal strains. BLE shown positive results against Lung (A-549), Breast (MCF-7), Breast metastatic (MDMAMB-468), Colon (DLD-1) and bronchi metastatic cell (NCIH3-58) that attained at statistically significant levels (p<0.05), inasmuch as it does not show some significant results against colon metastatic (SW620). It can bring a sunny future of plants drugs in lung tumor world.

Author(s) Details:

Priyanka Kumari Panchal,
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Kamal Singh,
Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.

Nishi Sharma,
SJD Multispeciality Hospital, Dhanipur, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Amit Kumar Rawat,
Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.

K. P. Kochhar,
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COPS-V2/article/view/9174