Utility of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in Assessing Breast Cancer Biomarkers | Chapter 15| Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 3

 

This chapter presents an overview of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and its role in the evaluation of breast cancer biomarkers. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, accounting for 22% of all female cancers. In breast cancer, the overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2/neu) is a prognostic marker indicated for stratification of patients for HER-2/neu targeted therapies. The steroid hormonal receptors for estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) are markers with prognostic value in early-stage cancer of the breast and ER is predictive for response to hormonal therapies. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), can provide enough cellular samples and evaluation of HER2, ER and PR expression patterns has relevant clinical application because the sample can be collected before surgery and help plan the management of breast cancer patients. Evaluation of HER2, ER and PR status in cytology samples has a lot of clinical relevance since the sample can be obtained prior to surgery and help plan management of patients with inoperable breast carcinoma. Previous studies have reported that immunocytochemistry performed on cell block is a feasible method for evaluation of ER, PR and HER-2/neu status in breast cancer, especially when the cellblock has adequate tumor cells. 

 

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Mutinda C. Kyama
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, City Square, Nairobi, Kenya.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v3/8248A

An Advanced Concept in Thyroid Cytology with Special Emphasis on Ancillary Techniques| Chapter 6 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 10

 Thyroid FNAC (fine needle aspiration cytology) has undergone a paradigm shift in its approach to thyroid lesions. The 2017 Bethesda classification has aided in the reclassification of thyroid disorders. The goal of is to: 1. The purpose of the study was to determine the value of adopting the Bethesda method for reporting on various categories. 2. To investigate the effectiveness of ancillary techniques in the thyroid, mlbc cell block 3. To stress the usage of specific thyroid stains. The classification was attempted to be used with an example in each category. A total of 274 cases were studied at a tertiary referral hospital over the course of a year (2018), from January to December. The majority of instances (246 cases) were non-neoplastic, while neoplastic cases accounted for 28 cases. Other ancillary approaches have been highlighted, such as the use of Agnors, Morphometric, Pattern analysis, Cell block, ICC (immunocytochemistry) and LBC (Liquid based cytology). To emphasise the irutility in surgical management of Thyroid, brief comments of molecular approaches and recent breakthroughs, as well as innovative concepts such as NIFTP, have been highlighted.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Nandini N. Manoli
Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSSAHER, India.

Bhavya Kotla
Department of Pathology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSSAHER, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V10/article/view/2254