Gitelman Syndrome: Differential Diagnosis of a Female Young Adult with Generalized Weakness, Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia, Inappropriate Kaliuresis and Steps towards Final Clinical Diagnosis | Chapter 14 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

This member presents the differential diagnosis of the case of a 23-old age-old female patient refer to the emergency department on account of persistent generalized power weakness, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and metabolic alkalosis evenly deteriorating during the last three months in addition to the steps towards final clinical disease of the syndrome (Gitelman disease).The patient’s medical history as well as genealogical chart were thoroughly reviewed by knowledgeable specialized internists. Detailed medical examination was subsequently performed and a committee of blood biochemistry was ordered respectively. Differential diagnosis was acted subsequently.The patient’s medical history was ordinary. Physical examination of the patient did not reveal some abnormal signs. doubly daily blood pressure calculations were within the sane range. Blood tests biochemistry revealed metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, increased red body fluid renin activity, and elevated body tissue levels of aldosterone. A Gitelman syndrome-like phenotype, containing hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria, has also been guide mutations in the CLCNKB gene encoding the chloride channel ClC-Kb, the cause of classic Bartter condition.  The woman was medicated with spironolactone and oral potassium supplements, and, before her symptoms disappeared and her antitoxin potassium levels returned to common, Gitelman's syndrome was officially investigated. Gitelman syndrome is typically from hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, hypocalciuria, increased antitoxin renin and aldosterone levels and normal arterial blood pressure.

Author(s) Details:

Ioannis Karydis,
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Dafni Koumoutsea,
Department of Endocrinology, Sector of Internal Medicine 401 General Army Hospital of Athens, Greece and Department of Internal Medicine, NIMTS (Veterans Affairs) Hospital of Athens, Greece and Division of Renal Medicine, NIMTS (Veterans Affairs) Hospital of Athens, Greece.

Vasileios German,
Department of Internal Medicine, NIMTS (Veterans Affairs) Hospital of Athens, Greece.

Ioannis Griveas,
Division of Renal Medicine, NIMTS (Veterans Affairs) Hospital of Athens, Greece.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V7/article/view/11669

Primary Aldosteronism Due to a Sub Centimeter Unilateral Adrenal Adenoma: A Case Report | Chapter 18 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 1

 In patients with essential hypertension, primary hyperaldosteronism is the source of at least 10% of the hypertension. People with the condition have far more cardiovascular and renal consequences than patients with essential hypertension, hence screening and diagnosis are vital. For a long time, we have been giving the patient the diagnosis of resistant hypertension. We considered primary hyperaldosteronism, verified it, and treated it as such. The disease's diagnostic algorithm is discussed.

Author (s) Details

Andre Manov
Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.

Amanpreet Kaur
Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.

Ashan Hatharasinghe
Sunrise Health GME Consortium, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V1/article/view/2797

Effect of Hydrochlorothiazide and Chlorthalidone on Recently Diagnosed Hypertensives: A Comparative Approach | Chapter 6 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 The thiazides hydrochlorthiazide and chlorthalidone are the two most commonly prescribed thiazides for hypertension. The usage of chlorthalidone, which is more powerful and has a longer half-life, can help to reduce metabolic abnormalities, particularly hypokalaemia.

The primary line of treatment for stable, uncomplicated essential hypertension has been thiazide diuretics, with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) being the most popular. Another thiazide, chlorthalidone, has been around for a while and is said to be just as effective, if not more so, in treating primary hypertension.

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of HCTZ and chlorthalidone in treating primary essential hypertension.

Methods: In a randomised, single-blinded, intention-to-treat research, we compared these two medications. For a 12-week period, participants with essential hypertension were given either chlorthalidone 12.5 mg OD or HCTZ 25 mg OD. The findings were compared using 12 hourly ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, fortnightly serum potassium records, and treatment failure (i.e., the need of additional antihypertensive drug or incrementation in the dose of thiazides).

Our study had 114 participants, 44 in the chlorthalidone group and 39 in the HCTZ group. In group H receiving HCTZ 25 mg OD, there was a significant mean drop in BP of 11.89/9.86 in the morning and 11.12/7.56 in the evening. The mean fall in the chlorthalidone group was 16.45/12.38 in the morning and 15.73/10.86 in the evening. After 12 weeks, the chlorthalidone group (127.915.01) had superior nighttime BP control than the HCTZ group (132.675.19) (p=0.001). Both medications reduced serum potassium levels, however HCTZ did so somewhat more (3.7770.601 vs. 3.8910.534), a difference that was statistically insignificant when compared to each other (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Chlorthalidone is more effective than HCTZ at controlling blood pressure throughout the day without causing serious side effects.

Author (S) Details

Bijay Kumar
Department of Pharmacology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Sharanjit Kaur
Department of Pharmacology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Sami Manzoor
Department of Pharmacology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Harinder Jot Singh
Department of Physiology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.


View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NFMMR-V6/article/view/2764