Density Functional Investigation of Graphene Nanoribbons | Chapter 2 | Contemporary Perspective on Science, Technology and Research Vol. 1

 Mass functional theory estimates have been acted on graphene nano ribbons (GNRs) of dimension from 7.27 Å to 16.11 Å ahead x-axis, 4.93 Å to 9.91 Å along y shaft for armchair nanoribbons and 5.99 Å to 18.73 Å along x-axle 8.28 Å to 11.65 Å along y-pivot for zigzag nanoribbons. Density working theory calculations have existed performed on graphene nano ribbons (GNRs) to study the electronic possessions as a function of chirality, size and hydrogenation on the edges. The calculations were acted on GNRs with armchair and fluctuating configurations with 28, 34, 36, 40, 50, 56, 62, 66 carbon atoms. The fundamental stability of AGNR and ZGNR increases accompanying the size of nanoribbon where as hydrogenation of GNR does to lowers their structural stability. All GNRs thought-out have shown semiconducting conduct with HOMO-LUMO gap cutting down with the increase in the GNR size. The hydrogenation of GNR decreases allure HOMO-LUMO gap significantly. The results are in accordance with the available exploratory and theoretical results.

Author(s) Details:

Sandeep Kumar,
Department of Physics, Government College Chhachhrauli, Yamuna Nagar- 135103, India.

Hitesh Sharma,
Department of Physics, I.K.G Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab-144601, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPSTR-V1/article/view/12685

Opening and Manipulating the Gap in Graphene | Chapter 2 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 Graphene- the charming material of 20th century has fatigued a great amount of attention from scientists across different fields. Its two-spatial structure and unusual photoelectric band structure, extreme carrier mobility, extreme electrical and warm conductivity make it a perfect material for many uses in electronics, optoelectronics and sensors. But the omission of the energy gap forbids application of graphene in allure pristine form in switching ploys. A number of techniques have happened developed for opening and maneuvering band gap at the supposed Dirac point in graphene. This review summarizes the developments indifferent methods to present a band gap in graphene in detail.

Author(s) Details:

Pooja Rani,
Department of Physics, Multani Mal Modi College, Patiala-147001, India.

Kavita,
Department of Physics, Multani Mal Modi College, Patiala-147001, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V1/article/view/10378

Possible Nature of Electrical Conductivity of the Corund-Graphene Composite: A Recent Study | Chapter 11 | Research Developments in Science and Technology Vol. 7

 The study looks at how sintering modes affect the electrical conductivity of corundum-graphene composites. The characteristics of the electrically conductive structure and its production circumstances are supported by evidence. The goal of this study is to learn more about the nature of conducting structure creation after receiving a corundum-graphene composite and to support the necessity to continue previous research in this area.

Author(s) Details:

A. G. Zholnin,
The State University of Land Use Planning SULUP, Kazakova str., 105064, Moscow, Russia.

R. S. Hafizov,
The State University of Land Use Planning SULUP, Kazakova str., 105064, Moscow, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDST-V7/article/view/7103

Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Effect on Plant and Microbial Growth | Chapter 9 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 3

Carbon nanotubes, which are comprised of graphene, one of the world's strongest materials, have shown features that can be employed in energy storage devices, electron emission devices, and environmental engineering. Researchers have recently concentrated their efforts on identifying the impact of carbon nanotubes on soil microbes and plants.

The goal of this research was to see if multi-walled carbon nanotubes would alter Phaseolus vulgaris growth as well as prevent the growth of certain soil microorganisms.

Methods: On bean plants grown in hydroponic circumstances and on selected soil bacteria, the impacts of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes were studied. The seedlings were treated to varying concentrations of distributed multi-walled carbon two weeks after germination. 0 ug (control), 50 g, 250 g, 500 g, 750 g, and 1000 g mL l50 g, 250 g, 500 g, 750 g, and 1000 g mL-1 were the varied concentrations. The plants' growth was measured weekly, as well as the diameter of the leaves, their length and width, the roots, and the fruits. Mesorhizobium sp. and Nitrosomonas stercoris cultures were incubated in the BioScreen reader after being exposed to 0ug (control), 50 g, 250 g, 500 g, 750 g, and 1000 g mL-1 of dispersed MWCNTs. For 24 hours, the optical density was reported every 30 minutes.

Results: Bean plants demonstrated resistance to multi-walled carbon nanotubes at 50 g/mL, however plants at 250 g/mL and 500 g/mL of MWCNTs showed lower growth and development, as well as plant death. MWCNT aliquots of 750 g/mL and higher reduced microbial biomass. Microbes are expected to be stressed in the presence of high concentrations of carbon nanotubes, and direct contact with CNTs could damage their cell membrane, resulting in cell death.

Conclusion: When releasing multi-walled carbon nanotubes into the soil or environment, the concentration should be set at a maximum of 500 g mL-1, according to the findings of this study.

Author (S) Details

Kadiatou Keita

Alabama A&M University, Alabama, USA

Florence Okafor

Alabama A&M University, Alabama, USA.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V3/article/view/3939

A Comparative Study on Phonon Spectrum and Thermal Properties of Graphene, Silicene and Phosphorene: Recent Advances and Development | Chapter 7 | Current Perspectives on Chemical Sciences Vol. 10

 We examine the vibrational and thermal properties of two-dimensional honeycomb lattices of graphene, silicene, and black phosphorene using first-principle calculations utilising density functional theory. We concentrate on the similarities and contrasts in their qualities, attempting to deduce their meaning from their lattice structures. We show that in silicene and black phosphorene, a phonon band gap forms, effectively reducing phonon thermal conductivity. Positive frequencies are present in all three systems (graphene, silicene, and black phosphorene), ensuring structural stability. We also discovered that at very low temperatures, specific heat, entropy, and free energy for all systems grow fast, but specific heat (Cv) remains constant at higher temperatures.

Author (s) Details

Arun Kumar
Department of Physics, Swami Vivekanand Government College Ghumarwin, Bilaspur, H. P., 174021, India.

Anjna Devi
Department of Physics, Swami Vivekanand Government College Ghumarwin, Bilaspur, H. P., 174021, India and Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, H. P., 171005, India.

Amarjeet Singh
Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, H. P., 171005, India.

P. K. Ahluwalia
Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, H. P., 171005, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CPCS-V10/article/view/1228