A Comprehensive Overview of Cyclodextrins Catalyzed Diels-Alder Reactions | Chapter 3 | Chemical and Materials Sciences: Research Findings Vol. 2

Diels-Alder (DA) reactions typically yield heterocyclic six-membered ring compounds via a [4π+2π] cycloaddition of a diene (such as furan or cyclopentadiene) and a dienophile. The choice of solvent and catalyst is critical in affecting the yield and stereoselectivity of the reaction. Cyclodextrins, particularly beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and its derivatives, are commonly used as catalysts in aqueous medium due to their ability to form a favorable ternary complex with both the diene and dienophile. As a result, this paper summarizes several experimental studies on the catalytic effects of CDs on DA reactions, with an emphasis on yields, reaction durations, quantities, and selectivity. The first phase, reported by Ronald Breslow and colleagues in 1980, looked at the effect of inner cavity size on catalytic and inhibitory effects on DA processes. The following phase investigated the effect of cyclodextrin catalysts on endo- and stereoselectivity. Numerous studies have examined the potential of β-CD's interior size, derivatives, amounts, organic and aqueous media, and compatibility with the two reagents. In contrast, some research has concentrated on employing cyclodextrins as catalysts in Diels-Alder processes to generate large yields of bioactive chemicals and polymer synthesis under mild conditions, generally in aqueous solutions.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Amine Ez-zoubi
Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.

 

Soukaina Benkirane
Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.

 

Ayoub El-Mrabet
Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.

 

Mouad Mouhsin
Laboratory of Engineering in Chemistry and Physics of Matter, Faculty of Science and Technologies, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, BP 523, Beni Mellal, Morocco.

 

Riham Sghyar
Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco and Equipe de Chimie Organique Appliquée à la valorisation des Ressources Naturelles et Protection de l’Environnement, Laboratoire de Chimie et Microbiologie Appliquées et Biotechnologies, FS, Abdelmalek Essaadi University Tetouan, Morocco.

 

Abdellatif Alami
Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.

 

Chandrakant Sarode
Department of Chemistry, Bhusawal Arts, Science and P.O. Nahata Commerce College, Bhusawal, affiliated to KBC North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425001, India.

 

Gaurav Gupta
Department of Chemistry, NTVS’s G.T.P. Arts, Commerce and Science College, Nandurbar, affiliated to KBC-North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425001, India.

 

Abdellah Farah
Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Route d’Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cmsrf/v2/4904

Photodynamic Antibacterial B-Cyclodextrin-Modified Cotton Fabric for Medical Applications | Chapter 2 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 4

The development of medical and hospital textiles is of significant interest, particularly concerning infectious diseases caused by pathogens. Contact with contaminated surfaces can lead to serious illnesses and pose a significant public health problem. The use of cyclodextrins in textiles for the development of biofunctional fabrics represents an interesting alternative for the advancement of dental, medical, and hospital materials. Cyclodextrins can interact with the chemical groups present in cotton fibers, forming a nanostructured surface with specific functional properties, including antibacterial activity. Although there are numerous antibacterial textile finishes, the use of methylene blue as a cyclodextrin host molecule for photodynamic applications in textile materials remains to be investigated. This is because methylene blue is a photosensitive dye capable of generating singlet oxygen (¹O₂) when illuminated, which inactivates the pathogenic microorganisms that may be present in wounds. The objective of this study was to develop a biofunctionalized and photoactivatable cotton fabric with antimicrobial properties for use in the cosmetic or medical industries. The materials obtained were characterized via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), the determination of cotton fabric functionalization dyeing variables, colorimetry, UV-VIS spectrophotometry, degradation of 9,10-anthracenyl-bis (methylene) dimalonic acid (ABDA), photodegradation tests, and microbiological analysis. The antibacterial activity of the functionalized fabrics was evaluated by adopting the AATCC 100—Test Method for Antibacterial Finishes on Textile Materials: Evaluation. The results showed that the textile was functionalized with β-cyclodextrin, mainly evidenced by the appearance of the band at 1730 cm⁻¹, indicating the formation of the ester group. Thus, when exposed to light, the non-functionalized material showed greater photobleaching, about 60%, compared to the material treated with cyclodextrin. This result was also reflected in the ABDA degradation kinetics, with the treated material showing 592.00% (first phase) and 966.20% (second phase) higher degradation than the untreated sample. Finally, the photodynamic activity was determined based on the antimicrobial properties of the textile, showing a reduction of more than 99% without exposure to light and 100% when exposed to light. Methylene Blue appears to be a promising candidate for use as a photosensitizer in cutaneous antimicrobial treatments. It is believed that this study could open avenues for future research and the development of antimicrobial fabrics, as well as demonstrate the efficiency of the treatment with cyclodextrin in relation to photobleaching.

Author (s) Details

 

Helen Beraldo Firmino
Post-Graduation Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Apucarana, Brazil.

Emilly Karoline Tonini Silva Volante
Post-Graduation Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Apucarana, Brazil.

Ana Claudia Pedrozo da Silva
Research Group of Active Materials, Federal University of Technology, Apucarana, Brazil.

Fabio Alexandre Pereira Scacchetti
Research Group of Active Materials, Federal University of Technology, Apucarana, Brazil.

Manuel José Lis
Institute of Textile Research and Industrial, Cooperation of Terrassa, Universidad Politècnica de Catalunya (INTEXTER-UPC), 0822 Terrassa, Spain.

Meritxell Martí
Institute of Textile Research and Industrial, Cooperation of Terrassa, Universidad Politècnica de Catalunya (INTEXTER-UPC), 0822 Terrassa, Spain.

Siddanth Saxena
Institute of Textile Research and Industrial, Cooperation of Terrassa, Universidad Politècnica de Catalunya (INTEXTER-UPC), 0822 Terrassa, Spain.

André Luiz Tessaro
Post-Graduation Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Apucarana, Brazil and Research Group of Active Materials, Federal University of Technology, Apucarana, Brazil.

Fabrício Maestá Bezerra
Post-Graduation Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Apucarana, Brazil.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v4/4123

The Function of β-Cyclodextrin (CDs) in the Textile Industry: A Detailed Review | Chapter 1 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 4

Since the first publication of cyclodextrins (CDs) in 1891 and the first patent in 1953, many technological advances have occurred, and the application of CDs has expanded. β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) is an oligosaccharide composed of seven units of D-(+)-glucopyranose joined by α-1,4 bonds, which is obtained from starch. Its singular trunk conical shape organization, with a well-defined cavity, provides an adequate environment for several types of molecules to be included. Complexation changes the properties of the guest molecules and can increase their stability and bioavailability, protecting against degradation, and reducing their volatility. Thanks to its versatility, biocompatibility, and biodegradability, β-CD is widespread in many research and industrial applications. In this review, the role of β-CD and its derivatives in the textile industry was summarized. First, some general physicochemical characteristics were presented, followed by their application in the areas of dyeing, finishing, and wastewater treatment. The review covers the role of β-CD as an auxiliary agent in dyeing, and as a matrix for dye adsorption until chemical modifications are applied as a finishing agent. The study concluded that the increasing use of CDs in the textile industry is the result, among other factors, of the versatility of these cyclic molecules and the benefits of their use across the productive chain of this sector. Their unique ability to form an inclusion complex with a wide variety of molecules allows their use in several sectors. Finally, new perspectives about its use in textiles, such as in smart materials for microbial control, are presented.

 

Author (s) Details

Fabricio Maestá Bezerra
Textile Engineering (COENT), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana 86812-460, Paraná, Brazil.

 

Manuel José Lis
INTEXTER-UPC, Terrassa, 0822 Barcelona, Spain.

 

Helen Beraldo Firmino
Postgraduate Program in Materials Science & Engineering (PPGCEM), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana 86812-460, Paraná, Brazil.

 

Joyce Gabriella Dias da Silva
Postgraduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana 86812-460, Paraná, Brazil.

 

Rita de Cassia Siqueira Curto Valle
Department of Textile Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Blumenau 89036-002, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

José Alexandre Borges Valle
Department of Textile Engineering, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Blumenau 89036-002, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

 

Fabio Alexandre Pereira Scacchetti
Textile Engineering (COENT), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana 86812-460, Paraná, Brazil.

 

André Luiz Tessaro
Chemistry Graduation (COLIQ), Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR), Apucarana 86812-460, Paraná, Brazil.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v4/3026

A Physicochemical Study to Evaluate the Subsistence of Inclusion Complexes of Cyclodextrins with 1-Butyl-2, 3-dimethylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate Probe | Chapter 5 | Current Topics on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 2

 Ionic liquids (ILs) are solvents that are nonvolatile, nonflammable, and thermally stable. Because they do not affect the environment, they are referred to as green solvents. Inclusion complexes of ionic liquid, 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BDMImBF4) into the cavity of hollow cylinder oligosaccharide,α- and β-cyclodextrins have been seen in aqueous medium. Surface tension and conductance measurements validate the stoichiometry of interfacial inclusion, whereas IR and 1HNMR spectroscopy demonstrate the phenomena of inclusion. The interaction between cyclodextrin and ionic liquid is studied using volumetric and viscometric measurements.

Author(s) Details:

Kalipada Sarkar,
Department of Chemistry, Islampur College, Islampur, Uttar Dinajpur: 733202, India.

Debadrita Roy,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling: 734013, India.

Sanjoy Barman,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling: 734013, India.

Baishali Saha,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling: 734013, India.

Siti Barman,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling: 734013, India.

Mahendra Nath Roy,
Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling: 734013, India and  Alipurduar University, Alipurduar-736122, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V2/article/view/7132