Exploring the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Potential of Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess | Chapter 10 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 7

 Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess (Clusiaseae) is a variety that is secondhand in the timber industry accompanying applications in reforestation and soil improvement, in addition to allure potential use in folk medicine. C. brasiliense is an evergreen shrub species owned by the tropical rainforest that evolves from Brazil to Mexico. C. brasiliense is an alternative source in traditional cure to make antagonistic-inflammatory patches, remedies to treat various afflictions such as gastrointestinal, diabetes and skin afflictions. C. brasiliense biosynthesizes calanolides and inophyllum compounds that can inhibit human immunodeficiency bug type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase. It is worth noting the compound (+)-calanolide A, that is a drug of natural inception approved for one FDA for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. C. brasiliense produces other compounds in the way that coumarins, chromanones, xanthones, and mammea-type triterpenes, which demonstrated antitumor, antiparasitic, antibacterial, and antispasmodic action. C. brasiliense produces secondary metabolites that are found in very depressed concentrations (<1%), which is a loss. To increase the production of extreme-value phytochemicals such as calanolides, it should to explore effective methods and the use of biotechnological finishes such as plant cell educations for the efficient result of phytochemicals in a sustainable manner. The objective concerning this review is to specify essential information on C. brasiliense, allure traditional uses, and its phytochemical elements.

Author(s) Details:

A. Bernabé-Antonio,
A. Bernabé-Antonio

L. P. Álvarez-Berber,
Chemical Research Center-IICBA, Autonomous University of the State of Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.

F. Cruz-Sosa,
Department of Biotechnology, Division of Biological and Health Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Iztapalapa Campus, 186 Ferrocarril de San Rafael Atlixco, CDMX-09340, México.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V7/article/view/10492

Critical Study of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profiles of the Genus Odontonema (Acanthaceae) | Chapter 1 | Technological Innovation in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 1

Dermatophytic fungi and other non-dermatophytic fungi are the most common causes of superficial infections. The current research focuses on dermatophytes and non-dermatophytes isolated from superficial mycoses and their recognition. One hundred and fifty (150) clinical specimens were examined with potassium hydroxide (KOH) before being cultured on SDA media. Dermatophytes are classified using macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. 130 (86%) of 150 suspected dermatophytosis patient samples were found to be positive by KOH mount, while 90 (60%) were culture positive cases. Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum were the most common isolates from clinical forms of dermatophytosis, followed by Trichophyton rubrum, Microsporum audouinii, Microsporum canis, and Microsporum gypseum. Dermatophytes thrived in high-temperature, high-moisture, and high-humidity conditions. Dermatophytosis can be caused by a number of factors, including personal hygiene and living conditions. In the current research, Trichophyton species are discovered to be the most common etiological agent of dermatophytosis.

Author (s) Details

Lokadi Pierre Luhata
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of science and Technology, Sophia University, Japan.

Peter Mubanga Cheuka
Department of Chemistry, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/TIPR-V1/issue/view/38

Assessment of Antibacterial Susceptibility Profiles of Gongronema latifolium Extracts and Alum against Clinical Bacterial Pathogens | Chapter 12 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol.2

 The antimicrobial susceptibility test for Gongronema latifolium extracts in combination with potash alum (Alum) was tested using disc diffusion (DD) and Agar well diffusion (AWD) protocols against some clinical bacterial pathogens. Until application, ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts at concentrations of 0.1-0.3 g were reconstituted in sterile distilled water and 1.0-3.0 g of potash alum. In vitro bioactivity of different extract concentrations and, in combination with alum, measurements of the diameter of inhibition zones (DIZs) were evaluated. The highest inhibition zones for Escherichia coli (14.5±0.5) and Salmonella typhi (11.5±0.0 mm) with enhanced bioactivity of 19.5±0.7 and 17.5±0.7 mm with potash alum against Bacillus subtilis, Sal. were obtained with methanolic leaf extract (MLE). By DD and AWD processes, respectively, typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Aqueous leaf extract (ALE) and ethanolic leaf extract (ELE), however, and their extracts Combinations of the pathogens displayed strong antibacterial activity but were incomparable to MLE. Bioactivity improvement was achieved with the addition of Alum to leaf extracts on a dose response fashion, particularly by the AWD process, irrespective of the solvent of extraction. In addition , the low MIC values of < 0.05 to 0.2mg / ml for MLE and ALE bacteria confirm their potency and wide spectrum activity. Ciprofloxacin (CP)'s very large DIZs, on the other hand, reflect the beneficial effect of distilled chemotherapeutics against pathogens. The increased efficacy of these natural material extracts, such as potash alum, would also justify potential applications in ethnomedicine, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals and food systems.

Lawrence O. Amadi
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Rivers State University, P.M.B. 5080, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria and Department of Microbiology, School of Applied Science, Ken Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, P.M.B. 20, Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Nathaniel N. Ngerebara
Department of Microbiology, School of Applied Science, Ken Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, P.M.B. 20, Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Chidinma A. Okafor
Department of Microbiology, School of Applied Science, Ken Saro-Wiwa Polytechnic, P.M.B. 20, Bori, Rivers State, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/278