Supervisor and Doctoral Student Perspectives on Roles, Approaches and Type of Relationship: A Study at Kyambogo University | Chapter 8 | Language, Literature and Education: Research Updates Vol. 6

 

African universities are increasing enrolment in higher degrees, especially at doctoral level. Supervisors play an important role in guiding the doctoral candidate to become an independent professional researcher, able to adapt to various fields of research, whether in academia or industry. Kyambogo is one of the universities in Africa, found in Uganda, that is offering doctoral studies, though it is still fairly young. This study explored the perspectives of supervisors and doctoral students regarding their roles, approaches and type of relationship, as well as understanding how these relationships impact doctoral education at Kyambogo University. The study design was an exploratory survey using qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Online questionnaires and structured interviews were used as methods of data collection. Data was collected in two phases; Phase 1 was a face-to-face interview with the Heads of respective departments, and Phase 2 online survey which was emailed to 28 respondents. Findings revealed that the most important roles of the supervisors are constructive critics (87.5%) and providing guidance (75.0%). Adhering to ethics was ranked as the most important role (88.3%), followed by adhering to evaluation and follow-up, together with self-management and pacing and making use of consultation. The study confirms that the supervisors and doctoral students have a set of roles they play in the supervision process. However, the results also indicated that those who had gained full admission for doctoral study were very few. No single doctoral student had graduated since it was introduced. Low institutional capacity and lack of funding were key factors in this. The features of the supervision approaches are emphasised differently in each approach. The approaches form a continuum with different stages of development of the doctoral candidate. Each stage determines the type of supervision approach. Eight types of relationships occur in the supervision process, but at different frequencies. The finding also indicates that out of all the eight types of relationship, the “captive” and “con” relationships had not occurred at all. The study concluded that the roles and approaches can be affected by the type of relationship that exists between the supervisor and the doctoral candidate.

 

Author(s) Details

Jacob L. Oyugi
School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Kyambogo University, P.O Box 1, Kyambogo, Uganda.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/lleru/v6/5498

Impact of Integrated Farming System on Employment Generation: Analyzing Respondent Profile in the Konkan Region of Maharashtra, India | Chapter 3 | Business, Management and Economics: Research Progress Vol. 3

 

An integrated farming system is a biologically integrated system that integrates natural resources into farming activities through a regulation mechanism to achieve maximum replacement of off-farm inputs, secures sustainable production of high-quality food and other products through ecologically preferred technologies, sustains farm income, eliminates or reduces sources of current agricultural pollution and sustains the environment. This method not only ensures a high level of production while saving money on fertilizer but it also ensures maximum compatibility and organic matter replenishment through the successful recycling of organic residues and wastes generated through the integration of diverse land-based industries.  Furthermore, for resource-poor farmers moderate increases in land productivity are no longer sufficient. As a result, competent resource management including optimal resource allocation is critical to reducing the risk of land sustainability. The Government of India's Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers' Welfare has placed a strong emphasis on the Integrated Farming System (IFS) as part of its ambition to double farmers' income by 2022. However, in our country, the planning and implementation of many enterprises in an integrated farming system lack a scientific and systemic approach. Furthermore, a thorough understanding of the component's interactions and interconnections would increase food security. The impact of an integrated farming system on doubling farmers' income was the primary goal of the current study. The study was carried out in the districts of Palghar, Raigad, Sindhudurg, and Ratnagiri in Maharashtra's Konkan area. Using multi-stage sampling approaches, 200 respondents in total were chosen. The “Ex-Post-Facto” research design was used for conducting the study. The data were collected through the personal interview. The data collected were processed and statistically analyzed by using statistical techniques like frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation and chi-square test. Among the thirteen selected independent variables namely age, farming experience, major occupation, annual income, cropping pattern, livestock possession, information-seeking behavior, economic motivation, irrigation status and risk orientation were shown significant associations with the impact of integrated farming system while education, land holding and productivity level shows highly significant association with impact of integrated farming system in term of change in employment generation.

 

Author(s) Details

Bhagyashri Akshay Ruikar
TMV Pune, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/bmerp/v3/1406

The Nexus between the University Technology Transfer Offices (TTO) and Academic Entrepreneurship | Chapter 5 | Managing Higher Education and Enterprises in Developing Countries Beyond COVID-19: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Business and Management Dynamics

Researchers, students, and professors are frequently the main providers of creative ideas that may be commercialised through startup companies. These ventures typically undergo substantial incubation processes facilitated by technology transfer offices (TTOs) within the university, often embodied as centres for research and innovation. However, a significant proportion of these budding concepts fail to reach the stage of spin-off establishment. This concern underscores the pivotal role of academic entrepreneurship within the academic entrepreneurial ecosystem (AEE) framework. This chapter investigates the intricate relationship between TTOs and academic entrepreneurship, seeking to address the question: "How do TTOs intersect with the realm of academic entrepreneurship?" Employing a qualitative methodology, data was meticulously gathered through semi-structured interviews, focusing on key stakeholders within the university's centre for research and innovation. Using purposive sampling, participants representing academic entrepreneurs, academic staff and non-academic staff were interviewed. Otter AI facilitated transcription, and subsequent data analysis was executed employing MAXQDA software. The emergent codes and resultant thematic patterns blended to construct a metaphorical portrayal denoting the multifaceted interface between TTOs and academic entrepreneurship. The research found that technology transfer offices and academic entrepreneurship benefit each other. Technology transfer offices assist academic entrepreneurs with resources and specialized knowledge, making them essential intermediaries. They aid in the identification, protection, and monetization of intellectual property, negotiate intricate license arrangements, and forge alliances within the sector. Conversely, academic entrepreneurship facilitates the practical application of research findings by scholars through establishing new ventures. The findings categorize the relationship between TTOs and academic entrepreneurship across four main descriptors which are: constructive, transformative, neutral, and sour collaborative relationships. Furthermore, this study substantiates the pivotal role of university research and innovation centres as potent catalysts for fostering innovation, academic entrepreneurship, and a drive toward entrepreneurial universities, with academic entrepreneurs and TTOs assuming an increasingly vital role in this transformative process.

Author(s) Details:

Stanley Nhamoinesu,
University of the Western Cape, South Africa.

Robertson Khan Tengeh,
University of the Western Cape, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/MHEEDCBCPICBMD/article/view/13196

Psychological Stress and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Relationship | Chapter 24 | Socio-Scientific Interaction in Diabetes and Cancer and Its Management

 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that occurs due to circulating blood glucose levels being too high. But it also occurs due to psychological issues, consumption of a high calorie diet and sedentary lifestyle. Diabetes is a long-lasting chronic metabolic disorder; it has established psychobiological relationships. Diabetes has much more effects on the human body and also the mind. This review article shows the relationship between   psychological stress and type-2 diabetes mellitus. Psychological stress affects the behaviors of people living with type-2 diabetes. Type-2 diabetes is caused due to stress, anxiety, depression and insomnia. These risk factors are associated with qualitative and quantitative defects in insulin secretion. Morbidity diabetic patients want passive euthanasia (legalized in Indian Supreme Court in 2018, India), for last resort. It is important to understand that the individuals who are suffering from diabetes mellitus, must have any psychological issue. It can't be denied that there is a possible correlation between psychological stress and diabetes mellitus.

Author(s) Details:

Sweta Singh,
Department of Psychology, K. S. College Laheriasarai, L.N. Mithila University, Darbhanga, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/SSIDCIM/article/view/12742

Association of Tree Species in Bagale Forest Reserve, Adamawa State, Nigeria | Chapter 14 | Advanced Research in Biological Science Vol. 3

This unit highlights the degree of class association with the indigenous trees concerning this reserve after ascertaining either there is union. Bagale forest reserve is a valuable ecological source constituted in December, 1954. Over the age, this ecosystem has been defenseless to various forms of anthropogenic activities that no doubt had damaging effects on the forest form and species composition. The friendship among inborn trees ≥ 10cm girth at width at breast (dbh) height was determined to determine their level of union in the Bagale Forest Reserve, Adamawa State, Nigeria. Fifteen sample plots each measuring 100m x 100m were laid in five fragments, at Tudun Wada (<200m) Holin (200 - 300m), Modire (300 - 400m) Lugga (400 - 500m) and Wurodole (>500m) above ocean's surface. Trees in each quadrat were identified and abridge and association among ruling class subjected to statistical reasoning using Pearson's equivalence coefficient. The survey yielded 312 individual shrubs which were grouped into 45 sapling species accompanying positive and negative relationships (union). Results showed that positive and negative equivalences at (p=0.1) and (p=0.5) were obtained with these trees in the study area. The result more revealed that the unchanging tree species wih various sizes led to different flavorful species, copiousness, diversiy and composition under and around the seedlings crowns. It is advised that studies of the synecology of forest reserves be administered throughout the country with its own government to help with the study of trees' allocation patterns because the information assembled from such an endeavour will suffice for planning, managing, and making policy had connection with forests.

Author(s) Details:

J. E. Omijeh,
Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria.

I. O. Tella,
Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ARBS-V3/article/view/11677