An Artificial Intelligence Approach for Reliability Analysis in Distribution Network | Chapter 8 | Current Approaches in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 7

Power distribution systems (PDS) have gained less attention in the past than in comparison with transmission and distribution. The rapid increase in the usage of intermittent renewable energy, ongoing changes in electrical power system structure and operational needs pose growing problems while ensuring adequate service reliability and retaining the quality of power. Power system reliability is a pertinent factor to consider while planning, designing, and operating distribution systems. According to customer failure statistics from major utilities, the maximum unavailability of electrical power to consumers is due to distribution system outages. Power suppliers are obligated to offer their customers uninterrupted electrical service at the least cost while maintaining a satisfactory level of service quality. The important metric for gauging the effect of distributed renewable energy on distribution networks is reliability analysis. Reliability analysis in distribution systems involves evaluating the performance and robustness of electrical distribution networks. An artificial intelligence approach is implemented in this paper to improve reliability analysis with dispersed generations in a distribution network. Deep belief neural networks (DBNNs) are a type of artificial neural network that can be used for various tasks, including analyzing complex data such as those found in power distribution systems. Layer-by-layer learning allows a deep belief network (DBN) to absorb feature specifics from huge amounts of data. This study introduces a deep belief neural network (DBNN) optimized with particle swarm optimization (PSO) for distribution network reliability analysis. A 16-bus system is taken for reliability analysis. The input data and output data are obtained from the reliability analysis code. The proposed model performance is assessed using mean square error, mean absolute error, root mean square error, and R squared error. The findings reveal that reliability analysis with this novel technique is more accurate. The reliability of power distribution networks may also be investigated using an optimized DBN model, which can then be used on a variety of grid configurations in distribution networks.

 

Author(s) Details

Likhitha Ramalingappa
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India.

Prathibha Ekanthaiah
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Channabasaveshwara Institute of Technology, Gubbi, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

 

Aswathnarayana Manjunatha
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sri Krishna Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/caert/v7/1409

Implementation Challenges in FFNN Architecture Design for PQ Analysis on FPGA | Chapter 2 | Current Approaches in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 7

The present study addresses the implementation challenges in Feedforward neural network (FFNN) architecture design using the most efficient resources. Power quality (PQ) issues are a major concern in the present day. FPGAs (Field programmable gate arrays) are essential in PQ analysis, particularly in smart meters for data processing, storage, and transmission. Artificial neural networks are selected for PQ event classification as they are found to be more robust once they are trained with a large number of data sets. FPGA's reconfigurability, which makes use of abundant hardware resources to create intricate and time-sensitive data processing units, is one of its greatest features. Due to data loss in the data channel unit caused by the FPGA architecture's support for fixed point arithmetic, the PQ event detection module and classification model must be realized with greater accuracy than software implementation approaches. Most of the work reported, with FFNN (Feedforward neural network) structure occupying a large number of multipliers and adders for classification, most of the work reported has not addressed to minimize the data path resources for FFNN instead have addressed in improving classification accuracy. Based on these issues, this paper addresses the implementation challenges in FFNN architecture design by proposing improved and fast architectures. The proposed FFNN architecture design uses optimum resources. The FFNN-based classifier is designed to perform PQ event detection and classification with 99.5% accuracy. The FFNN processor operates at the maximum frequency of 238 MHz. The present paper addresses the hardware implementation of FFNN cores on the FPGA platform. Interfacing FFNN with all other glue logic modules will require FIFO architecture and a data synchronization network.  The proposed designs for FFNN can be used as IP cores for any signal and control applications.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Prathibha Ekanthaiah
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Channabasaveshwara Institute of Technology, Gubbi, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

Likhitha R.

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

 

Chandrakala B. M.
Department of Information Science & Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

 

Radha B. N.
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Channabasaveshwara Institute of Technology, Gubbi, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

 

Yashaswini C. S.
Technology, Gubbi, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

 

Vinaya B. Koradoo
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Channabasaveshwara Institute of Technology, Gubbi, Tumkur, Karnataka, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/caert/v7/1410                                                 

Improving the Quality of Electricity in Eastern Europe: Challenges and Solutions | Chapter 6 | Scientific Research, New Technologies and Applications Vol. 9

This paper explores the current challenges in electricity quality in Eastern Europe, focusing on factors such as reliability, stability, and efficiency. With the region's energy sector undergoing significant transformation, from post-communist restructuring to the transition to renewable energy sources, the importance of ensuring high-quality electricity is paramount. The paper evaluates infrastructure inadequacies, grid modernization, regulatory changes, and the integration of renewable energy sources. Finally, it outlines potential strategies to improve power quality through technological innovation, investment, and cross-border cooperation.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Gheorghe E. Safta
University of Petrosani, 332093 Petrosani, Romania.

 

Daniel N. Fita
University of Petrosani, 332093 Petrosani, Romania.

 

Florin G. Popescu
University of Petrosani, 332093 Petrosani, Romania.

 

Alin E. Cruceru
Politechnic University of Bucharst, Romania.

 

Razvan C. Olteanu
University of Petrosani, 332093 Petrosani, Romania.

 

Adrian M. Schiopu
University of Petrosani, 332093 Petrosani, Romania.

 

Gabriela Popescu
University of Petrosani, 332093 Petrosani, Romania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/srnta/v9/3291

Application of Advanced Filtering Algorithm to Enhance the Power Quality of Photovoltaic System | Chapter 3 | Theory and Applications of Engineering Research Vol. 3

This study presents a state-estimation based effective compensation strategy for enhancing performance of employed Active Power Filter (APF) scheme. The latest advancements in photovoltaic technology like reduced panel costs, higher efficiency and improved tracking schemes have provided a driving thrust resulting in enormous PV penetration. With the photovoltaic (PV) system becoming highly popular in distribution network, there is also a growing concern regarding its adverse impacts over the power quality (PQ) of integrated system. This deterioration in PQ has sparked a new interest in the filtering techniques used in the power system for mitigating these problems. In contrast to conventional passive filters now APFs are being looked as the predominant solution. The enhanced filtering performance has been also signified by comparing the harmonics elimination capability of various Kalman Filtering (KF) algorithms. A novel control technique for PQ enhancement is proposed where KF approach has been applied for generating the reference signals. Here, an adaptive hysteresis band technique has been applied in the switching strategy which has reduced the complexities in generating reference current. Thus, an enhanced filter performance is achieved with reduced harmonics and better elimination of distortions. Simulated results obtained in MATLAB/Simulink platform have been analyzed completely, where the superiority of filtering algorithm has been also demonstrated through least THD achieved in source current among all the existing filters technologies.

Author(s) Details:

Md. Ehtesham,
Department of Electrical & Electronics, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Cuttack Campus, India.

Mohmmad Ahmad,
Department of Electrical Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College, Bijnor, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAER-V3/article/view/13034

Impact of Carrier Frequency in SSFC Controller with Grid Inter-Connected Wind System| Chapter 10 | Theory and Applications of Engineering Research Vol. 1

 This member presents the impact of carrier frequency in the proposed Inside information based Motionless Switched Filter Compensator (SSFC) blueprint incorporated wind energy structure with efficient capacity quality advancement. With the increasing of society, the energy source demands are likewise increases. The amount of energy requirement is various between the nations around the world. The grown country need more energy compare to expanding country. Analysis is done for the projected system by variable Carrier frequency over a wide range and noticed system performance by any means 3 busses wise Grid transport, Generator Transport and Load Bus. In this paper reasoning is done for different   a ship that carries airplanes frequencies at busses wise Gridiron bus Dynamo Bus, Load Bus of the projected Grid connected wind plan with FACTs –SSFC and it is noticed in the range of 500Hz to 10000Hz. Two regulators are used to arrange the FACTS SSFC-device, these are established a tri-loop dynamic error consumed inter-coupled recommendation to VSC controller. It is clear from the study that carrier frequency is varied from 500Hz to 10,000Hz. Skilled is very less variation in voltages and currents percentage THDs by any means busses expect at load buses that too for current THDs. Accordingly, the power lines besides ideas lines are not affected by the commotion signals and hence Power Characteristic is Improved.

Author(s) Details:

S. Mani Kuchibhatla,
ACE Engineering College, Hyderabad, India.

D. Padmavathi,
Sridevi Womens Engineering College, Hyderabad, India.

R. Srinivasa Rao,
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAER-V1/article/view/12765

Analysis of Power Quality Problems on Nigerian 330 KV Power System Using Statcom with Voltage Sensitivity Index | Chapter 2 | Theory and Applications of Engineering Research Vol. 1

 In this study the cohesion of Nigerian transmission scheme during possibility (sag) was determined and appropriate placement of Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) in method load buses where sag strength occur was accomplished as to defeat the Power Quality (PQ) problems emerging from habit of non-linear loads from the users which have negative impacts on the movement of the power arrangement. Thus, this research analyzed the PQ question on Nigerian 330 kV, 28-bus system. The Newton-Raphson (NR) repetitive approach was utilized to act load flow analysis on Nigerian 28-transport transmission methods. The STATCOM power dose model was then used to modify the NR numerical model. The optimal installation of the STATCOM in the system was raise using the Voltage Sensitivity Index (VSI), and imitation was performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK. According to the findings, highest in rank locations for the STATCOM boss in the power whole were buses 5, 8, 12, and 16.  The corresponding STATCOM sensitive power, sag power and sag duration for buses 5, 8, 12 and 16 were 72.56 MVar, 0.77454 p.u, 0.7336s; 65.35 Mvar, 0.7464 p.u,  0.7419 s; 50.86 Mvar, 0.7615 p.u, 0.6512 s and  53.75 MVar, 0.7442 p.u. 0.5972 s, respectively. As a result, the verdicts have demonstrated the meaning of STATCOM with VSI in judgment appropriate solutions for PQ issues in energetic power systems.

Author(s) Details:

Balogun Abass,
National Centre for Hydropower Research and Development, University of Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Nigeria.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAER-V1/article/view/12556

Power Quality Issues and Mitigation Methods in Power Systems | Chapter 8 | Research and Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 7

The constant development of the power structure invites new issues along with capacity quality, the research importance of capacity quality is gradually growing as huge development is continuing the in the renewable energy unification in the modern power structure, previously, different types of diminishing devices were used to answer the power quality issues but the part of different types of active capacity filter to resolve specific types of power character problem is highly acknowledged in the literature. In this paper a rigorous reasoning of different types of diminishing devices and the control methodology secondhand for different types of power condition problem is bestowed, finally a hybrid alive power filter is devised and some advice made to over the power characteristic issues. Beginner researchers working circumference can refer this paper as it discusses many facets of power condition in power system.

Author(s) Details:

M. Ravikanth,
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad, India.

I. E. S. Naidu,
Department of EECE, GITAM University, Vishakhapatnam, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RADER-V7/article/view/11709

Model Development of Analogue Wavelet Transform Based the Predicted Imaginary Part of the Dynamics of Rational Map Having Zeros | Chapter 02 | Recent Advances in Mathematical Research and Computer Science Vol. 7

Quadratic polynomial dynamics have already attracted a lot of attention. The kinetics and attributes of rational functions are both fascinating. In this chapter, we look at Witten's [1] solution to the classical Yang-Mills problem and use a C++ computer programme to generate computer graphics. We next develop an artificial neural network model based on RMS kind of error from two samples of points extracted from the created images using predictive modelling software. The imaginary component of sample II might be predicted by feeding the real sections of sample I and sample II [2] to the artificial neural network. The real part of sample II is more essential than the actual part of sample I in anticipating the imaginary component of sample II. The projected imaginary component of Sample II is then loaded via Matlab workspace into Matlab Signal Processing Tool (SPTool). To remove noise from the model for analysis, we use a reliable band pass filter. The methodology can be used to explore the attributes of computer generated images formed from the generated wavelet by producing a modulated signal. The projected imaginary component of sample II is then imported into autoSIGNAL software for continuous wavelet transform time-frequency analysis. The goal of this research is to close the gap between the dynamics of rational maps and the dynamics of electric power systems [3,4].


Author(S) Details

Jean-Bosco Mugiraneza
African Centre of Excellence in Energy for Sustainable Development (ACEESD) , University of Rwanda (UR), Kigali, Rwanda.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMRCS-V7/article/view/5487

Mitigation of Voltage Sag and Swell Using Battery Based Dynamic Voltage Restorer: A Detailed Study | Chapter 7 | Innovations in Science and Technology Vol. 1

 This paper describes the usage of a battery-based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) to alleviate voltage sag and swell. During sag/swell, the DVR is a three-phase controlled voltage source with a magnitude and angle that adds/subtracts from the source voltage. In each phase, the DVR can inject a voltage of the required magnitude and phase at the fundamental frequency. The DVR can restore the load voltage in milliseconds. DVR can fix voltage sag and voltage swell problems fast and effectively. To estimate reference voltages, the Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRFT) is employed, and gate pulses are generated by monitoring the source, load terminal voltages, and supply currents. The reduction of voltage sag and swell using SRFT for battery-based DVR is simulated using MATLAB/ SIMULINK and the power system Block set (PSB) toolboxes.

Author(S) Details

J. Bangarraju
B. V. Raju Institute of Technology, Narsapur, India.

A. Jayalaxmi
JNTU College of Engineering, Hyderabad, India.

V. Rajagopal
Kakatiya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Warangal, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/IST-V1/article/view/5081

Study on Modelling and Analysis of a Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) and Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) Based Controller| Chapter 9 | New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 11

 

This work presents the application of dynamic voltage restorers (DVR) with three level inverter on power distribution systems for mitigation of voltage sags/swells at critical loads. DVR is one of the compensating types of custom power devices. An adequate modelling and simulation of DVR, including controls in MATLAB, show the flexibility and easiness of the MATLAB environment in studying and understanding such compensating devices. In this work, it is demonstrated that this device can tightly regulate the voltage at the load terminal against imbalance or harmonic in the source side. Extensive simulation results are included to illustrate the operating principles of a DVR. The author presents results with balanced, unbalanced and nonlinear loads based on dq method.

Author (S) Details

G. Nageswara Rao
Department of EEE, Lakireddy Bali Reddy College of Engineering, Mylavaram, AP, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NAER-V11/article/view/3569

Energy Efficiency Improvement in DC Railway Systems: The State of the Art | Chapter 4 | Newest Updates in Physical Science Research Vol. 5

 In the context of worldwide concerns about decreasing CO2 emissions by minimising energy use and energy loss, this study focuses on the relevant subject of boosting energy efficiency in DC railway systems. In a detailed review, the main achievements in this complicated subject are synthesised and addressed, with a focus on the implementation and application of existing solutions on real case studies. As a result, all specific subtopics connected to energy efficiency are covered, beginning with power quality conditioning and concluding with the recovery of braking energy, which is lost in traditional DC-traction substations in huge amounts. Onboard and off-the-road storage devices for braking energy are explored and compared, with practical examples provided. The progress made in converting existing DC-traction substations into reversible substations with power quality improvement capabilities is then methodically evaluated by demonstrating the key findings of recent research on the subject. They include commercially accessible equipment as well as solutions that have been tested on experimental models. The findings of this comprehensive evaluation serve as a useful reference and source of support for research and development on energy-efficient traction systems.

Author (s) Details

Mihaela Popescu
University of Craiova, Romania.

Alexandru Bitoleanu
University of Craiova, Romania.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NUPSR-V5/article/view/1399

Studies on a Probe into Reactive Power Management in Renewable Energy System Using Facts Devices | Chapter 6 | Recent Developments in Engineering Research Vol. 3

 

In the modern era, most of the utility grid is connected with Renewable Energy resources (RERs).
Many of the power electronic converters and reactive power compensating devices are also
incorporated into the existing grid making the system more complicated. The penetration of renewable
energy resources may affect grid stability, quality of power, reactive power balance and Sufficient
energy utilization. The Distributed Generation (DG) towards the power electronic interface creates
some critical power quality events such as reactive power management, harmonics and voltage
profile which makes the distributed system become a polluted one. The hiking demand for decarbonized energy supply leads to generate more distribution networks. This paper depicts the review of modelling and incorporation of various reactive power compensating devices like TCSC, SVC and STATCOM into RES. Power generation model of solar, wind and fuel farm is discussed in this paper. Reactive power compensating devices and its location and sizing are important for the stable and secure operation of the electric grid. Consequently, power quality issues, real-time interconnection issues and policies related to reactive power management are in this paper.

Author (s) Details

Honey Baby
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India.

J. Jayakumar
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/261

Dynamic Voltage Restorer and Hybrid Active Power Filter for Power Quality Improvement: Comparative Study | Chapter 13 | Emerging Trends in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 2

Power quality means maintaining the voltage, current and power within the rating as per the IEC standards and supplying it back to the consumers without any delay and interruption. But this has become a difficult task for the power industry. To improve power quality many Custom Power Device’s (CPD) are used. Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) is a CPD which is used to improve the voltage quality. Hybrid Active Power Filter (HAPF) is used to reduce current harmonics. In this chapter DVR and HAPF are simulated for various conditions. A controller is proposed which gives voltage signals to trigger the switches of an inverter using a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) scheme. As a result, there is drastic improvement in voltage profile and also reduction in harmonics. 

Author(s) Details

Mrs. M. Sharanya
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.  

Dr. Basavaraja Banakara
Davangere University, Davangere, Karnataka, India


Dr. M. Sasikala
Godutai Engineering College for Women (GECW), Gulbarga, Karnataka, India

View Book :-  http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/170