An Analytical Study on the Influence of Neem Oil on Malathion in the Fish Oreochromis mossambicus | Chapter 3 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 3

The extensive use of pesticides and their ingredients, as well as their toxicity, have a negative influence on the aquatic environment and the creatures that live there. The goal of this study was to look at the effects of malathion and neem oil on the freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus, both alone and in combination, in order to understand the changes in different target organs such the liver and kidney using biochemical and histological analyses. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of neem oil and malathion were maintained for acute toxicity (96 hours) and chronic toxicity (21 days) tests. The results showed that when neem oil and malathion were combined, the biological analysis for total protein and fat rose, which was much higher than before. Those of neem oil and malathion were kept separate. The liver of fish exposed to neem oil exhibited normal hepatocellular architecture in acute and chronic toxicity experiments, but fish exposed to malathion alone and malathion mixed with neem oil showed hepatocellular degeneration, with the latter showing indications of recovery. Neem oil-exposed fish showed normal renal architecture, whereas malathion-exposed fish had epithelial cell degeneration and necrosis, and those exposed to both neem oil and malathion had moderate degeneration. Neem oil interacts with malathion and protects against the toxicant's negative effects, according to this study.

Author(s) Details:

D. Jothigayathri,
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College for Women, Chennai-18, India.

Amthul Azeez,
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College for Women, Chennai-18, India.

C. M. Lubna Ghazia,
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College for Women, Chennai-18, India.

F. Akthari Begum,
PG and Research Department of Zoology, Justice Basheer Ahmed Sayeed College for Women, Chennai-18, India.

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Experimental Study on Acute Exposure of Pyrazosulfuron Ethyl Induced Haematological and Blood Biochemical Changes in the Freshwater Teleost Fish Oreochromis mossambicus | Chapter 4 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 1

 

The buildup of agriculture pesticides in the aquatic habitat through natural run-off is a major problem

faced by developing and developed countries. The present study was designed to evaluate the 96 hr

LC50 of herbicide, Pyrazosulfuron-Ethyl, which belongs to the Sulfonylurea group. Static bioassay with

continuous aeration under laboratory conditions, acute toxicity of the herbicide was determined for

freshwater fish Oreochromis mossambicus. Health indicators like hematological and biochemical

parameters are used to detect the functional status of fish under acute exposure. Moreover,

biochemical parameters like plasma glucose, protein, albumin and globulin were also studied to

evaluate the toxic potential of the herbicide. Results revealed that the herbicide led to significant

changes in the hematological parameters such as RBC count, Hb, PCV, MCH, MCHC, MCV and

WBC count and biochemical parameters. These alterations can be used as non-specific biomarkers in

herbicide contaminated aquatic ecosystems.

 

Author (s) Details

Ankur Upadhyay

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India.

Parth Pandya

Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, School of Science, Navrachana University, Vadodara, India.

Pragna Parikh

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India.

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