Exploring the Benefits of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients as Ionic Liquids for Indomethacin and Mebendazole | Chapter 5 | Current Innovations in Chemical and Materials Sciences Vol. 6

Some of the main challenges that the pharmaceutical industry has to face is to overcome the physicochemical problems that many drugs present due to polymorphism, low solubility, and low bioavailability. Recently, it has been shown that the combination of solid, poorly water-soluble Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) with suitable counter-ions to give liquid forms (API-ILs) can resolve these limitations. The purpose of this study was to explore the transformation of Indomethacin and Mebendazole, two solid, poorly water-soluble APIs into new API-ILs. Their structures were selected by their pharmaceutical interest, their susceptibility of being transformed into API-ILs (either to form the cation or the anion), and their limited bioavailability, mainly due to its low solubility. The counterions were carefully chosen aiming for high biocompatibility, low toxicity and high water solubility such as those derived from DMEA, TMG, DBU, TED, p-toluensulfonic acid, glycolic acid, methanesulfonic acid and saccharine. The synthesis was carried out by direct treatment of the API with the corresponding selected acid or base. Solubility tests showed a high increase of water solubility for all the salts synthesised, especially for the API-ILs derived from indomethacin which showed a water solubility in the range of 185 and 218 mg/mL, around 75000-hold higher than free drug indomethacin.

Author(s) Details:

Emilia Tojo,
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Marcosende, As Lagoas, 36210-Vigo, Spain.

Verónica Fernandez-Stefanuto,
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vigo, Marcosende, As Lagoas, 36210-Vigo, Spain.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CICMS-V6/article/view/13529

Determining the Effect of Albendazole and Mebendazole on Hydatid Cyst of Mice| Chapter 3 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol.10

 At the Tambool slaughter house, hydatid cysts were excised from camel livers and lungs, and protoscoleces were separated aseptically. Thirty 6-week-old Swiss mice (25-30 gramme body weight males) were put into two groups of six mice each: a prophylactic group received 150 ml/kg albendazole, and a mebendazole group received mebendazole immediately after injection with 2000 protoscoleces intraperitoneally for 10 days. The most commonly recommended antibiotics for intestinal worm infections are albendazole and mebendazole. The treated group received 300 mL/kg albendazole and mebendazole every 4 days, separated by 2 days, for 24 days, and the two groups, along with the control group, were slaughtered and necropsied after 6 months following protoscoleces inoculation. The data demonstrated a significant variation in hydatid cyst formation. When comparing the groups treated with albendazole and mebendazole to the control group, a small number of cysts were found inside the mice; however, albendazole was more effective than mebendazole, with albendazole reaching 97 percent efficiency and mebendazole reaching nearly 50 percent efficiency. This shows that albendazole may be the best option for hydatid cyst treatment.

 

Author(s) Details:

Ekram Ismail Fagiree Ismail,
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia. Alzaiem Al Azhari University, Sudan.


Mohammed Bahaa Eldeen Ahmed Saad,
Department of Parasitology, College of Medical Laboratory, Omdurman Alahlia University, Khartoum, Sudan.


Aisha Abass Elsadig,
Department of Radioisotopes of the Veterinary Research Center, Khartoum, Sudan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V10/article/view/5982