Rare Case of Meningoencephalitis by Listeria monocytogenes in a Young ImmunocomRare Case of Meningoencephalitis by Listeria monocytogenes in a Young Immunocompetent Adult | Chapter 8 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 6petent Adult | Chapter 8 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 6

The aim of this paper is to consider L. monocytogenes as a possible atypical etiological agent of meningoencephalitis in patients without immunocompromise. Meningoencephalitis secondary to Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) mainly affects newborns, the elderly, and immunocompromised people; there are extremely rare cases in which said infection occurs in immunocompetent individuals. The case of a young adult immunocompetent patient, with no known risk factors, who developed encephalitis, has been presented. The patient was treated with empirical antibiotic therapy, to which there was no response. Days later, a culture of the cerebrospinal fluid led to the diagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes infection. However, the patient died due to brain herniation. This case is exceptional, since it occurred in an individual outside the classic age group, in addition to not having risk factors, which is why it should be considered an atypical causal agent. Regimens without gentamicin may be preferable for patients who have impaired renal function or are taking other nephrotoxic drugs, such as cyclosporine.

 

Author (s) Details

Janette Alejandra Gamiño Gutierrez
Departamento de Neurocirugia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, México.

Gustavo Adolfo Hernández Valdez
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México.

 

Arleth Anahí Montaño Gómez
Departamento de Neurocirugia, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, México.

Jorge Morales Rojas
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México.

Graciela Gaddy Robles Martinez
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México.

 

Anahi Herrera Ruelas
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México

 

Alin Kaori Ferreyra Gudiño
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México.

 

Jocelin Celeste Jurado Cardona
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México.

Jimena Jexabeth Ibáñez Núñez
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México.

 

Anahí Fierros Ramos
Departamento de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, México.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v6/2359

Bartonella henselae: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Workup Challenges in Patient with Fever of Unknown Origin | Chapter 9 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 9

Bartonella henselae is a zoonotic Gram-negative Bacillus associated with self-limited regional lymphadenopathy caused by close animal contact. In recent decades, a vast spectrum of clinical manifestations has been described, from mild self-limiting lymphadenopathy to disseminated disease involving multiple organs. About 30 species have been identified, and 12 have been linked to human infection, among which three are most commonly encountered clinically- Bartonella bacilliformis, which causes Oroya fever endemic to regions in Peru, Bartonella quintana that causes Trench Fever, and Bartonella henselae that causes Cat scratch disease (CSD). Trench fever was seen in World War I amongst soldiers living in trenches or closed spaces, who developed symptoms of recurrent febrile illness associated with headache, body aches, and rash that were transmitted by lice. More recently, trench fever outbreaks have been seen in densely populated spaces such as in the homeless population and refugee camps. Transmission of B. henselae is associated with cats and cat fleas. Weeks after a scratch or bite, a pustule will form at the inoculation site with associated localized lymphadenopathy. Commonly, this is a self-limiting disease. However, in immunocompromised patients and patients with predisposing factors, patients' lymphadenopathy will progress and become bacteremic, leading to endocarditis as well as aseptic meningitis. Bartonella spp. is the second most common cause of culture-negative endocarditis after Coxiella burnetii. Definitive diagnosis of Bartonella infection is often challenging due to its insidious nature and variable presentation based on the body's immune status.

A clinical diagnostic challenge was encountered when a 25-year-old male presented to our hospital with a Fever of unknown origin (FUO). Initially, there was no clear etiology of the fever until a timely diagnosis of Bartonella infection was made. This case report highlights the importance of considering Bartonella as a potential etiology in patients with prolonged Fever of unknown origin (FUO), especially in endemic regions.

 

Author (s) Details

Neeladri Misra
Sutter Roseville Medical Center, Medical Plaza Dr, Roseville, CA-95661, USA.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v9/2478

Esophagitis Due to Actinomycosis in a Previously Immunocompetent Patient with a History of Steroids Treatment for Sars-COV-2 Infection: A Case Report | Chapter 9 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

We present an unusual case of esophageal actinomycosis that was developed in a previously inmunocompetent patient with transitory inmunosuppresion originated for receiving steroids for SARS-CoV-2 infection treatment.  Esophageal actinomycosis is a very rare entity in immunocompetent patients. It presents with subacute course and usually responds poorly to antibiotics, with frequent develop-ment of local complications, such as esophagotracheal fistula.
 
We report a case of a 56-year-old female patient without chronic degenerative pathologies with a history of non-severe acute Sars-CoV-2 infection that  occurred two months prior to her presentation, treated with prednisone and betamethasone orally and inhaled respectively for 21 days. The pivotal symptom is dysphagia and to get to the definitive diagnosis requires a tissue culture of the affected organ or a biopsy revealing the classic sulphur granules. Currently, antibiotic treatment with beta-lactams, such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, is still effective, as it was in our patient. Antibiotic treatment with beta-lactams, such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, is still effective, as it was in our patient, who had a significant improvement by removing symptoms.

Author(s) Details:

Zamora Harvey,
Department of General Surgery, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, Nayarit, México.

Hernández Gustavo,
Department of de Medicina Interna, ISSSTE Tepic General Hospital APP, Tepic, Nayarit, México.

González Melina,
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit, Puerta de Hierro Hospital, Tepic, Nayarit, México.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V7/article/view/14226

Multiple Invasive Aspergillus Brain Abscess in an Immunocompetent Patient: A Case Report | Chapter 6 | Advanced Concepts in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 6

 This division describes an invasive Aspergillus inferred brain abscess in an immunocompetent/ immunocompromised patient accompanying no history of trauma. Accompanying the global tumor of immunocompromised patients, the incidence rate of aspergillus contaminations in central nervous system raised accordingly. Aspergillus abscess is a usual phenotype of aspergillus infections in central central nervous system, and is tended to be wrong tumors. Neuroimaging features with cautious observation and particularized history-taking can help to create final diagnosis. Aspergillus is an all-present fungus in the natural world. In a athletic individual, spore inhalation can influence a localized illness. These fungi have the potential to produce obtrusive infections in immunocompromised patients, that can be deadly and have a high morbidity rate. The forecast for invasive aspergillosis is not good. An very uncommon sign of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompetent folk is intracranial aspergillosis. A case of 60-year-old immunocompetent male is stated who had multiple Aspergillus intelligence abscess. CNS aspergillosis specifically invasive aspergillosis is rarely noticed in immunocompetent patients. The brain is unusually resistant to fungal infections on account of its abundant ancestry supply and the relatively impermeable ancestry-brain barrier. The signs of Aspergillus-persuaded brain abscesses endure thus be known to healing personnel, as prompt detection and acceptable treatment are essential for ensuring high-quality possible outcome for subjects.

Author(s) Details:

Akshay K. Barde,
Department of General Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.

Pankaj Soni,
Department of General Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACMMR-V6/article/view/12642

Moraxella osloensis: A Rare Potential Pathogen in Immunocompetent Individuals | Chapter 9 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 The case report highlights a singular case of Moraxella osloensis septic arthritis in alcoholic patient with asserted history of fall following attack by a household animal. Moraxella osloensis is a rare causative power of infection in persons with most cases stated in immunocompromised patients. Moraxella osloensis is part of usual flora in the skin, gelled waste membranes and respiratory tract of persons. Infection at this moment organism is precious, and few cases in literature were reported. This study report a case of 40years traditional chronic alcoholic patient the one presented accompanying septic arthritis of left body part joint. Culture of purulency aspirate was found to be certain for gram negative coccobacilli that were aerobic, oxidase beneficial and catalase positive. Authoritative identification of the isolate as M. osloensis by 16S rRNA deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing has been stated as a useful method for correct labeling. M.osloensis was identified by Biochemical tests and Vitek 2 Compact. Prompt control of contamination was achieved by situation with I.V. Meropenem for 7 days along with debridement of abandoned knee joint. As this structure has been isolated from non-immunocompromised victims and children accompanying osteoarticular infection, we intend that M. osloensis be considered as a rare potential bacterium in immunocompetent individuals the one present with a clinical exact likeness monoarthritis.

Author(s) Details:

S. Pratibha,
Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

R. Praveen Kumar,
Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Trauma and Orthopedics, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V5/article/view/10487

Study on Nocardia in Psoas Abscess: A Rare Case Presentation | Chapter 15 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 We reported a case of Nocardia-caused primary psoas abscess in an immunocompetent patient who presented with low back pain radiating to both legs. The goal of this study is to outline the clinical features of this uncommon presentation in order to better our understanding of Nocardia and aid in the identification of Nocardiosis in clinical cases. The diagnosis can be readily missed unless it is suspected, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Based on gramme staining and modified acid fast staining of material collected by ultrasound guided aspiration, a suspicion of nocardiosis was formed. Following treatment with co-trimoxasole, the patient made a remarkable recovery. The patient was diagnosed and treated quickly thanks to the use of simple gramme staining and modified acid fast staining.

Author(S) Details

Maninder Kaur
Max Lab, Nijjar Path Care, Amritsar, India.

Aruna Aggarwal
Dr. Om Prakash Eye Hospital, Amritsar, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V7/article/view/4541