Investigation of Various Antibiotics Alone and Combined with Clarithromycin as Lock Solutions on Eradication of Biofilms Strains Belonging to Enterobacterales | Chapter 6 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol.1

 Antibiotic lock solutions is recommended as an adjunctive therapy for patients who have catheter

related bloodstream infections. The aims of our study is, to determine the in-vitro efficacy of colistin,
ciprofloxacin, tobramycin, and doripenem alone or in combination with clarithromycin as 24 hour lock
solutions against biofilm-embedded Enterobacterales (Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae)
strains. The efficacy of antibiotic lock solutions was tested in an in-vitro catheter biofilm model against
two E. coli and two E. cloacae isolated from catheter tip, respectively. In our study, we observed that
the use of doripenem and tobramycin as a lock solution had potent bactericidal effects (> 3 log10
reduction). When colistin was used in combination with clarithromycin, the combination showed
synergistic activity for one E. cloacae strain. Tobramycin, doripenem, and ciprofloxacin were used in
combination with clarithromycin, the combinations had same effect on all strains comparatively with
these antibiotics alone. No antagonistic effect was observed. The findings of our study have important
informations for effectiveness of tested antibiotic lock solution with these antibiotics alone or in
combination in the catheter related infections with belonging to Enterobacterales. Further
investigations are needed to alternative treatment options for catheter related infections that were
caused by Enterobacterales

Author(s) Details

Dr. Emel Mataraci Kara
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey.

Berna Özbek Çelik
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116 Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/227

Utility of Various Resistance Indicators for Enterobacteriaceae from Urinary Tract Infections: Local Experiences | Chapter 14 | Trends in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol.2

Aims: To assess the epidemiology of UTIs affecting inpatients and outpatients and the antibiotic resistance levels, expressed as multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices from the isolated species at a tertiary-care hospital in Hungary, during a 10-year study period. Study Design: Retrospective microbiological study. Place and Duration of Study: 1st of January 2008 - 31st of December 2017 at the University of Szeged, which is affiliated with the Albert Szent-Györgyi Clinical Center, a primary- and tertiary-care teaching hospital in the Southern Great Plain of Hungary. Methodology: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using disk diffusion method and when appropriate, E-tests on Mueller–Hinton agar (MHA) plates. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index of the isolates was determined.  Results: During the 10-year study period, the Institute of Clinical Microbiology received 21,150 urine samples from outpatient clinics and 19,325 samples from inpatient departments that turned out to be positive for a significant urinary pathogen. Out of the positive urine samples, E. coli represented the overwhelming majority of all positive urine samples. The resistance levels in inpatient isolates were higher than in the outpatient isolates (average MAR indices: 0.347 vs. 0.410, 0.267 vs. 0.435 and 0.318 vs. 0.473 for the E. coli/Klebsiella, CES and Proteae group, respectively). Conclusion: As the therapeutic options are becoming increasingly limited in the current antibiotic resistance climate, more effort should be put into the prudent use of antibiotics and the development of novel antimicrobial agents.

Author (s) Details

Márió Gajdács 
Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Eötvös Utca 6, Hungary

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/192