Hand Book on Normal Anatomy, Anatomical Variants and Most Common Congenital Heart Defects: A Light House to Cardiac Surgeon | Book Publisher International

 

Cardiac diseases are widely prevalent worldwide and are the main causes of death especially in developing countries. So, knowledge of normal and variant along with congenital anomalies of the heart is essential for cardiologists. Clinicians due to their busy schedules, it is not possible for them to go through the entire literature to diagnose cardiac diseases. In this book, almost all the information related to the human heart is consolidated which will act as a ready reference to cardiologists easing them to diagnose the diseases easily.

Author(s) Details

Dr. Rajani Singh
Department of Anatomy, UP University of Medical Sciences Saifai, Etawah 206130, UP, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48006-35-6

Lost in Development: Unveiling the Complexity of Fatal Neural Tube Abnormalities - A Preventable Tragedy | Chapter 5 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 7

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are serious birth defects that affect the central nervous system. They occur due to a disruption in the normal development of the nervous system during embryogenesis. Although largely preventable, they are the second most common type of human congenital abnormality and pose a significant threat to global morbidity, disability, mortality, and financial expenses. According to estimates from 2015, approximately 260,100 newborns around the world are born annually with NTDs, excluding early spontaneous fetal losses. Additionally, there were an estimated 117,100 NTD-affected pregnancies that ended in stillbirth or elective terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomalies. Of the NTD-affected live births, approximately 117,900 resulted in under five deaths. The disability-adjusted life years from NTDs exceed 8.6 million.

NTDs have both environmental and genetic causes. Folic acid supplementation during the periconceptional period is a well-known primary prevention method, but its implementation lags behind the knowledge about prevention. However, NTDs have been neglected and have recently become the subject of limited research. Furthermore, surveillance efforts for NTDs continue to be insufficient, with high prevalence rates persisting worldwide. Robust surveillance data are essential for the prevention and monitoring of NTDs. This chapter provides an updated discussion on the epidemiology, embryology, risk factors, diagnosis, associated defects, management, surveillance, and prevention strategies of NTDs, with a particular emphasis on lethal NTDs. Furthermore, to illustrate the clinical presentation of lethal NTDs, this chapter includes case presentations of different types of lethal NTDs with typical associated defects in singleton and multiple pregnancies that resulted in stillbirth.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Dr. Alemayehu Shiferaw Lema
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Dr. Jemila Salih Suleyman
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Dr. Amanuel Oljira Raga

Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

 

Suresh Kumar Rajamani Sekar (Assistant Professor)
College of Natural Sciences, Division of Forensic Toxicology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v7/475

Nipple Areola Complex Reconstruction in Poland Syndrome: Techniques and Considerations | Chapter 28 | Key Flaps in Plastic Surgery

 This book chapter discusses the reconstruction of the nipple areola complex (NAC) in a follow-up case of Poland syndrome and left breast reconstruction with a Backer's implant, presenting with athelia. The operative procedure involved marking the nipple and areola comparable to the contralateral breast, using the purse-string technique for nipple reconstruction, and deepithelizing the proposed areolar region for subsequent grafting with split-thickness skin grafts (STSG) harvested from the thigh. The postoperative period was uneventful, and satisfactory results were observed during follow-up examinations.

The chapter introduces NAC reconstruction as a crucial component of breast reconstruction following mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery. It emphasizes the importance of restoring the natural appearance of the nipple and areola for aesthetic purposes. Various surgical techniques are discussed, including local flaps, skin grafts, and 3D tattooing, with an emphasis on patient preferences and customization. The chapter highlights the personalized nature of NAC reconstruction, considering the patient's desires and anatomy.

Postoperative care, long-term results, and potential complications are also addressed. Close collaboration between the patient and the surgeon, along with realistic expectations, is emphasized to achieve optimal outcomes and minimize the risk of complications. The chapter underscores the significance of NAC reconstruction in enhancing the aesthetics of the reconstructed breast and improving the patient's satisfaction with their breast reconstruction journey.

Author(s) Details:

Mohd. Altaf Mir,
Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS),Bathinda-151001, India.

Jaya Jain,
All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda-151001, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/KFPS/article/view/11523

Clinical Presentation of Renal Disease in Children: The Role of the Pediatrician and Primary Care Physician | Chapter 1 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science vol. 1

 The main cause of morbidity in children is renal illness. The prevention of chronic kidney disease depends heavily on the early detection and treatment of renal illness in children (CKD). Early detection and treatment of these diseases are crucial since many causes of CKD in children, such as congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary system and urinary tract infection, may be prevented. Pediatricians and primary care doctors should be knowledgeable about the different ways that paediatric renal disorders present themselves and should be highly suspicious of any asymptomatic patients. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), signs and symptoms of renal disease, abnormal urinalysis, urinary tract infection, water, electrolyte, and acid-base disturbances, glomerular disease, renal tubular disorders, hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, and decreased renal function are all possible in patients with renal disease. Pediatricians and primary care doctors may begin the evaluation and treatment of paediatric renal disease depending on how comfortable they are doing so. A paediatric nephrologist should be consulted for patients who require collaboration or invasive tests, have serious renal disease or diminished renal function, or have anxious parents.

Author(s) Details:

Amin J. Barakat,
Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V1/article/view/8100

Studies on Female Urethral Anomalies in Pediatric Age Group in India | Chapter 6 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 14

 Anomalies of the female urethra, such as epispadias and hypospadias, have been recorded infrequently in the literature. The importance of clinical diagnosis in the treatment of female urethral abnormalities cannot be overstated. It's possible that a diagnosis will go unnoticed, resulting in poor clinical management.

Author (S) Details

Nikhil A. Patil
Department of Urology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Bijapur, Karnataka, India.

Siddangouda B. Patil
Department of Urology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Bijapur, Karnataka, India.

Vinay S. Kundargi
Department of Urology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Bijapur, Karnataka, India.

Ashok N. Biradar
Department of Urology, Shri B. M. Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Bijapur, Karnataka, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMS-V14/article/view/2557

Documentation of Pediatric Surgery Experiences of a Tertiary Referral Hospital: International Classification of Diseases Spectrum for Teaching, Planning, and Scaling Up Services | Chapter 2 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 6

 Introduction: Pediatric surgery provides the opportunity to intervene positively in a variety of disorders that can have a long-term impact. It becomes important to systematically analyze the features of & amp; facilities for Paediatric surgery at a referral hospital. The purpose of this study was to assess the importance of pediatric surgery in a variety of situations. Materials and Methods: The study included all children aged 0–10 years who were operated on in a tertiary care hospital. To group the cases, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (International Classification of Diseases [ICD]-10)-WHO Version (2016) was used, which included terminology from the ICD-11 Beta Draft. The findings revealed that “developmental anomalies” accounted for 79.1 percent of the cases, while “acquired conditions requiring surgical intervention” accounted for 20.9 percent. The most common congenital malformations were those of the genital organs (17%), followed by those of the digestive (13%) and nervous systems (13%), urinary system (12%), circulatory system (8%), and cleft lip and palate (8%). (7 percent ). Cleft lip and palate repair, as well as genital, digestive, nervous, urinary, and musculoskeletal system defects, should all be included in the congenital anomaly surgery package. Only “congenital malformations of the circulatory system” necessitate referral to a superspecialty center.

Conclusion: The majority of the workload (79.1%) is due to "developmental abnormalities," implying a need for expertise in repairing these as well as restoring anatomy for optimal growth and physiological function. The essential surgery package for congenital anomalies at second and third-level hospitals should include expertise for all system anomalies. The inclusion of indirect inguinal hernia in Chapter 20 of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) will help to correct international comparisons and guide planning.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Col Sunil Jain
Command Hospital (Northern Command), Pin 901131, c/o 56 APO, India.

Lt Col Naveen Chandra
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Command Hospital (Central Command), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Col Rajeev Kumar Thapar
Department of Paediatric Surgery, Command Hospital (Central Command), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CDHR-V6/article/view/1662