Immobilization of BSA onto Graphene Oxide Synthesized from Hydrogenated Diamond-like Carbon| Chapter 1 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol.3

 Over the past few years, biomolecules, and Graphene oxide (GO) material studies have increased. The numerous processes for producing graphene oxide are being improved in an effort to offer safer and more efficient substitutes. Even though the Hummers method is one of the oldest, it continues to be one of the most effective ways to make graphene oxide from graphite powder or flake. In this chapter, GO has been synthesized from Hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (HDLC) which is tunable and an atomically smooth surface that can be deposited on a high-surface-area (100) wafer plate. The HDLC films were heated at a fixed temperature of 9000C for 30 min in a high vacuum of 1 × 10-6 torr and oxygenated at room temperature. This annealed HDLC (A-HDLC) was oxidized and described sequentially. FTIR confirms functional groups and Raman measurements confirm the G and D peak by Oxidation of A-HDLC. The surface morphology of BSA immobilized go, Oxidized Graphene, and A-HDLC, were studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Author(s) Details:

Hari Shankar Biswas,
Department of Chemistry, Surendranath College, Kolkata- 700 009, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V3/article/view/7956

Effect of the Temperature and the Holding Time on Carburizing Treatment of 18CN4 and 22MC4 Steels | Chapter 03 | Recent Trends in Chemical and Material Sciences Vol. 5

 The resistance to wear and fatigue of mechanical parts subjected to high loads is heavily influenced by the surface of those parts. Producing a hard surface layer over a less strong substrate increases mechanical wear and fatigue resistance in the vast majority of circumstances. A good solution to the exposed problem is a hard layer of steel created by carburizing that bonded progressively to a martensitic area of high hardness and to a core steel of lower hardness and greater toughness. The higher concentration of carbon atoms in the interstitial sites of austenite before quenching accounts for the carburizing layer's high hardness. The existence of ferrite and pearlite components, which arise when the cooling rate after austenitization falls below the critical one, results in a decreased hardness of the core after quenching. The goal of this research was to use a pack carburizing process to create a cemented surface layer on low alloy steel. As parameters of the solid carburizing treatment, several steel grades, austenitization temperatures, and soaking periods were used. Carbon atoms from the cement powder diffuse toward the steel's surface during this treatment, forming iron carbide compounds. Various characterisation techniques were used to evaluate the effect of carburizing parameters on the pace of transformation, the thickness and morphology of carburizing layers, and the structure and hardness of the surface of steels produced by carburizing treatment.

Author(S) Details

Younès Benarioua
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Technology, University of M’sila Bordj Bou Arréridj Read, M'sila-28000, Algeria Emerging Materials Research Unit, University of Sétif 1, Sétif-19000, Algeria.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RTCAMS-V5/article/view/5347

An Overview of Graphene Based Application | chapter 2 | New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 3

 Graphene, a two-dimensional material with an atom's thickness, has some surprising properties (hyperdensity, intrinsic mobility millions of times greater than silicon, high thermal and electrical conductivity, large surface area, is nearly 200 times stronger than steel, harder than diamond, and is extremely flexible and elastic) that have resulted in a profound change in the field of material science. and, as a result, it is an excellent candidate for a wide range of applications. In this regard, the goal of this study is to present an overview of the main areas in which graphene could be applied, as well as a brief discussion of its main synthesis methods.

Author (s) Details

Giuliana Vinci
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

Marco Ruggeri
Department of Management, Sapienza University of Rome, Via del Castro Laurenziano 9, 00161, Rome, Italy.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NAER-V3/article/view/1849

Experiments on the Linking Ground Forest Inventory and NDVI in Mapping above Ground Carbon Stock in Kasane Forest Reserve, Botswana | Chapter 8 | International Research in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 4

       

Quantification of the above ground carbon stock (AGC) is important in sustainable forest management
and policy advice on climate change mitigation. Remote sensing when combined with few ground
collected data has the potential of improving forest resource assessment even though this opportunity
has not well been utilised. In this study, we mapped AGC through combination of ground survey data
collected from 51 permanent sapling plots with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)
derived from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper image. Linkage of the two data sources was made during a
training stage of supervised classification. The overall classification accuracy was 98%, suggesting
that reliable estimate of AGC for a large area can be made through combination of medium resolution
satellite imagery and few samples from the ground.

Author (s) Details

Mr. Lesika Basalumi
Department of Ecosystems and Conservation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania and Department of Forestry and Range Resources, Gaborone, Botswana.

Charles Joseph Kilawe
Department of Ecosystems and Conservation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.

Ernest William Mauya
Forest Engineering and Wood Science, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/249