Blood Stream Infections and Its Antimicrobial Sensitivity in Tertiary Care Hospital, India | Chapter 02 | Issues and Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

 The goal of this study was to describe the aerobic bacteriological profile and its antibiotic sensitivity pattern in blood culture specimens from a tertiary care setting in order to help clinicians start empiric antibiotic therapy and create antibiotic strategy. The isolation of a bacterium from a patient's blood is useful for three reasons: first, it indicates the need for antibacterial therapy immediately, second, it identifies the species of bacterial agent against which therapy should be directed, and third, it provides a culture for in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing. From July 2015 to March 2016, the research was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at People's Medical College and Research Centre in Bhopal. The study comprised a total of 647 blood samples taken from clinical instances of bacteremia between July and December 2015. 106 (16.38 percent) of the 647 blood culture samples were positive. 47 (44.34 percent) of the 106 positive cultures were gram-positive, whereas 59 (55.66 percent) were gram-negative. Bloodstream infection is a difficult problem that can sometimes be fatal; consequently, one of the most important functions of a diagnostic microbiology laboratory is the rapid detection, identification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing of blood-borne pathogens.

Author(S) Details

Mamta Sarwariya
Chirayu Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Kalpana Sadawarte
Peoples Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Atul R. Rukadikar
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Tukaram Prabhu
Peoples Medical College & Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa Positivity and Sensitivity in Invasive Bloodstream Infections Using Automated Bactec in Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of North India: A Prospective Observational Study | Chapter 02 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 2

 Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative aerobic bacillus that is frequently found in the differential diagnosis of a variety of possible hospital-acquired diseases. Pseudomonas aeruginosa-related mortality in bloodstream infections (BSIs) is still a major problem. The goal of this study is to use automated Bactec systems to detect Pseudomonas positive and sensitivity in invasive bloodstream infections, because antibiotic sensitivity profiles fluctuate from one clinical scenario to the next.

The study comprised all blood culture samples obtained in the Department of Microbiology for Bactec Bd fx culture from July 2015 to June 2016. Before they were declared as sterile, the blood culture was examined in the Bactec bd fx system for at least 5 days.

Results: Gram-negative bacteria were found in 931 (73.02 percent) of the 1275 cultures that tested positive for bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated in 120 (or 12.89 percent) of the 931 cultures that tested positive for gram-negative bacteria. Pseudomonas spp isolates were 100.00 percent sensitive to Colistin, followed by 84.44 percent for Levofloxacin, 82.50 percent for Piperacillin Tazobactum, 77.50 percent for PB, 75.00 percent for Amikacin, and 75.00 percent for Cefepime, while Pseudomonas spp isolates were 90 percent resistant to Ampicillin, followed by 82.64 percent

Conclusion: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most frequent Gram- Negative organisms, and it is the most commonly isolated bacterium in neonates and infants. Colistin was the most sensitive antibiotic, followed by Levofloxacin, Piperacillin Tazobactum, and Amikacin, while Ampicillin, Ceftazidime, Clavulanic Acid, and Aztreonam were the most resistant antibiotics. To combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance in this dangerous bacteria, some unique alternative strategies must be devised.

Author(S) Details

Pankaj Katoch
Department of Microbiology, I.G.M.C., Shimla, H.P, India.

Vipin Roach
Department of Pediatrics, I.G.M.C., Shimla, H.P, India.

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Recent Trends of Gram-negative Bacteremia in a State of North India, the Forthcoming Challenges IGMC Shimla, India | Chapter 06 | Innovations in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 3

 Background: Vascular endothelial dysfunction is important in the progression of sepsis because it causes an increase in vascular permeability, which leads to coagulation abnormalities and subsequent organ failure [1]. Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a leading source of life-threatening complications in people of all ages, but they are especially dangerous in the elderly. BSIs have also been linked to higher rates of hospitalisation, longer stays, and higher hospital expenditures, putting a financial strain on patients and their families. Antibiotic use is linked to bacteremia, septicemia, and death for a variety of reasons. Gram-negative bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to antimicrobial therapy as a result of a variety of factors. The incidence and aetiology of Gram-Negative bacterial isolates, as well as their clinical importance, are reported in this study from our tertiary care institute in the northern part of India.

Materials and Methods: A one-year prospective observational study was undertaken in the Department of Microbiology at IGMC Shimla to determine the incidence, aetiology, and antibiotic resistance profile of Gram-negative bacterial isolates. All of the blood cultures were kept for at least 5 days in the Bactec bd fx system before being declared sterile.

Results: Gram-negative bacteria were found in 931 (73.02 percent) of the 1275 cultures that tested positive for bacteria. The Non-fermenter group of organisms was recovered in 292 (31.36%) of the 931 cultures that were positive for Gram-negative bacteria, followed by E. coli (266). (28.57 percent ). A maximum of 335 (35.98 percent) of the 931 cultures positive for GNB belonged to children aged 0 to 1. There were 574 males (61.65 percent) and 357 females (38.35 percent) among them.

Conclusion: Among Gram-negative isolates, the nonfermenter group was the most common. When compared to other age groups, infants were more likely to be positive. Among gram-negative isolates, males were more likely to be culture positive than females.

Author(S) Details

Pankaj Katoch
Department of Microbiology IGMC Shimla, India.

Anil Kanga
Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Nahan, India.

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