Positive Impacts of Olive Oil Enriched with Lycopene on the Plasma Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Status of Hypercholesterolemic Patients | Chapter 2 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 10

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is responsible for several cardiovascular events such as ischemic heart disease, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, and ischemic stroke. Olive oil and lycopene are foods that have potent antioxidant activity. The objective was to determine the effects of consumption of olive oil enriched with lycopene on oxidative stress biomarkers in hypercholesterolemic subjects. The study product sample “lycopene-olive oil” consisted of virgin olive oil enriched with lycopene (350 mg/L). Patients (n = 80) were recruited from the town of Moralzarzal, Madrid, Spain, including healthy men and women with cholesterol levels over 220 mg/dL. The effects of oil enriched with lycopene extract daily intake were examined for 1 month on plasma antioxidant capacity, lipid profile (triacylglycerols, total cholesterol, HDL-C; LDL-C, ox-LDL), biomarkers of oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers related to atherosclerosis risk (C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6; sDC4L) in subjects with hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol > 220 mg/dL). In the group consuming olive oil-lycopene, significant increases (p < 0.05) in the levels of plasma lycopene concentration (0.146 ± 0.03 versus 0.202 ± 0.04 (µmol/L)), α-carotene (0.166 ± 0.064 versus 0.238 ± 0.07) and β-carotene (0.493 ± 0.187 versus 0.713 ± 0.221) were observed. These results are linked with the increases of plasma antioxidants and decrease in biomarkers of oxidative stress (carbonyl groups, malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine) observed in the hypercholesterolemic group. In relation to the lipid profile, a significant decrease was observed in the levels of ox-LDL (781 ± 302 versus 494 ± 200), remaining unchanged in the levels of TG, cholesterol, HDL and LDL-C. Regarding inflammatory biomarkers, the levels of CRP and IL-6 decreased significantly. The positive results obtained in this study support the use of olive oil enriched with lycopene to reduce the risk of coronary disease. The results also indicate that triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels did not change significantly. However, ox-LDL levels decreased significantly only in the group supplemented with lycopene-olive oil. In conclusion, this study suggests that foods containing olive oil and lycopene can significantly contribute to reducing LDL-induced oxidative stress.

 

Author (s) Details

Meryem El Ouardi
Predepartmental Unit of Medicine, Physiology Section, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Jaume I, 12006, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.

 

Guillem Garcia-Llorens
Predepartmental Unit of Medicine, Physiology Section, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Jaume I, 12006, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.

 

Victoria Valls-Belles
Predepartmental Unit of Medicine, Physiology Section, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Jaume I, 12006, Castelló de la Plana, Spain.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v10/5033

Role of Matrix Metalloproteases and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Early Childhood Caries – A Review | Chapter 10 | Advanced Concepts in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 12

Dentistry has traditionally transitioned from the straightforward extraction of the caries-affected tooth to the treatment and restoration of the lesion in the evolution of caries therapy. A further development in dental care is the detection of early caries lesions and treatment using non-surgical techniques like remineralization. The phrases early childhood caries and rampant caries are occasionally used interchangeably. More than 25 secreted and membrane-bound enzymes collectively referred to as matrix metalloproteinases are a class of enzymes that break down pericellular substrates. The amount of free radicals scavenged by a test solution is measured as the total antioxidant capacity, which is then used to assess the antioxidant strength of biological samples. This is very important because oxidative stress can influence the beginning and development of various nflammatory and infectious disorders, including dental caries. The purpose of this review is to talk about how total antioxidant capacity and matrix metalloproteases relate to early childhood caries.

Author(s) Details:

Umapathy Thimmegowa,
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Raja Rajeswari Dental College and Hospital, No 14, Ramohalli Cross, Kumbalgodu, Mysore Road, Bengaluru-560074, India.

Soumya Pai,
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Raja Rajeswari Dental College and Hospital, No 14, Ramohalli Cross, Kumbalgodu, Mysore Road, Bengaluru-560074, India.

Praveen Malavalli Nagarajshetty,
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, KLE’ S Institute of Dental Sciences, Yeshwanthpur Suburb, Tumkur Road, Bengaluru- 560022, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACMMR-V12/article/view/12996