Effect of Sodium Chloride on the Growth of Acinetobacter baumannii | Chapter 13| Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 3

 

Acinetobacter baumannii is a major opportunistic nosocomial pathogen. Sodium chloride is one of the elements that is necessary for the survival of some bacterial species. A. baumannii does not show a high salt tolerance, unlike other salt-tolerant bacteria. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of NaCl on A. baumannii. In this study two isolates of A. baumannii have been used, the local isolate HHR1 and the global isolate ATCC 17904. The isolates were routinely cultured on Nutrient agar and MacConkey agar media under aerobic conditions at 37˚C for 24 hours. Firstly, the influence of NaCl on the growth of two isolates of A. baumannii was monitored and the effect of two concentrations of NaCl on Lipopolysaccharide components was determined by SDS-PAGE. SDS-PAGE was done by using the Bio-Rad system according to, using Promega (USA) system. 12 % resolving gel and 4 % stacking gel were prepared and set. The result showed that HHR1 after 20 hr of incubation period reached 0.6 at OD600 in the presence of salt, while the control was continued, whereas, A. baumannii ATCC didn’t exert any defect growth. Moreover, NaCl has greatly affected the LPS components, where only O-antigen has appeared under 1% NaCl in A. baumannii HHR1 and 3% NaCl in A. baumannii ATCC.

 

Author (s) Details

Nagham Saadi Mohammed
Department of Biology, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.

 

Halah H. A-Haideri
Department of Biology, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v3/2316

The Manifesting Menace of Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii | Chapter 6 | Microbiology and Biotechnology Research: An Overview Vol. 2

Introduction: Infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii have become a global medical challenge. Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB) isolates are causing catastrophic consequences in healthcare settings, particularly in critical care areas. Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the six most cardinal pathogens in the ESKAPE group of organisms, which includes Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, A. baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species. The mortality in patients who are suffering from A. baumannii infections can be as high as 75%. The most notorious problem encountered is the capacity of these species to acquire the different mechanisms of resistance and the emergence of strains that are resistant to all commonly used antibiotics coupled with the scarcity of development of new antibiotics, this has resulted in a limited choice of antibiotics for treatment of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to isolate A. baumannii species from different clinical specimens and to determine their antimicrobial resistance pattern.

Methodology: The study was done in the Department of Microbiology, RMC, Loni. The clinical samples were subjected to Gram staining, and aerobic culture using MacConkey and blood agar. Acinetobacter baumannii species were identified by standard microbiological identification methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion technique.

Results: A total of 114 Acinetobacter baumannii species were isolated. The maximum number of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were recovered from pus sample (41.23%) followed by tracheal secretions (30.7%). The rate of isolation of A. baumanniiwas highest in critical care areas (42.11%). The highest resistance was noted against Tobramycin (100%) followed by Cefotaxim (98.4%), Piperacillin (96.8%), and Ceftazidime (96.2%). All strains were sensitive to Polymyxin B & Colistin. Multidrug-resistant A. baumannii isolates were found to be 77.19%.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates the alarming nature of multidrug-resistant organisms in critical care areas. Stringent vigilance and regular surveillance in critical areas to prevent colonization as well as cross-infection is recommended.  In addition to that, effective infection control protocols, regular practice of hand hygiene and strict implementation of antibiotics policy may help to control multidrug-resistant Intensive care unit (ICU) bugs.

 

Author (s) Details

Kulkarni Vishal L
Department of Microbiology, Bharatratna Atalbihari Vajpayee Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

 

Kinikar A G
Department of Microbiology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, (DU), Loni, Maharashtra, India.

 

Bhalerao D S
Department of Microbiology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, (DU), Loni, Maharashtra, India.

 

Deorukhkar S C
Department of Microbiology, PCMC PG Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

 

Roushani S B
Department of Microbiology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, (DU), Loni, Maharashtra, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mbrao/v2/5133

Acinetobacter: An Antimicrobial Zugzwang? | Chapter 9 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 4

As a new hospital pathogen with resistance to several groups of antibiotics, Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged. Despite its clinical importance, scientific evidence on the microbiological and pharmacological aspects of this organism has been minimal until recently. The availability of complete genome sequences, bacterial genome manipulation molecular tools, and animal infection models allowed the identification of factors that play a role in A. The persistence and infection of baumannii. This analysis summarises the data currently available on A's processes of epidemiology, molecular and drug resistance. Baumannii and its pharmacotherapeutic and clinical consequences for healthcare.

Author(s) Details

Dr. A. Rammohan
The Institute of Liver Disease & Transplantation, Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre, Bharat Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, India.

Dr. S. D. Cherukuri
Somerset NHS Foundation Trust, Taunton, UK.

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