Background: Gallstone disease (Cholelithiasis) is among the most
common gastrointestinal diseases across the globe. Its prevalence and the risk
factors associated with it, however, vary markedly from one region to another.
Although awareness of gallstone disease is rising in Iraq, data regarding its
prevalence and associated risk factors are limited.
Aim: This study aimed to carry out an immense investigation into
the prevalence of gallstones in Tikrit (Iraq) while trying to highlight sex,
age, and body mass index (BMI) as risk factors.
Methods: Cross-sectional study executed on 468 grown individuals
in Tikrit, Iraq, during the months spanning May to October in the year 2019.
Diagnosis of gallstone prevalence was carried out via abdominal ultrasound,
plus calculation of participants' BMIs through their heights and weights. SPSS
software is used for data analysis. Chi-square tests coupled with logistic
regression models were deployed to check associations between demographic
variables and gallstone prevalence.
Results: The total prevalence of gallstones was 20.5%. Females
(28.4%) were affected significantly more than males (12.4%). Individuals whose
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² had a significantly higher risk of the formation of gallstones
(OR=3.41;95%CI:2.18–5.33). Age was not a significantly associated factor with
the formation of gallstones.
Conclusion: Obesity, particularly in females, is the leading cause
of gallstone disease in Tikrit, Iraq. Results from this study should prompt
public health initiatives that direct efforts toward obesity as a predisposing
factor, along with screening the vulnerable population at an early stage.
Author
(s) Details
Abdulhadi M. Jumaa
Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Iraq.
Ammar L. Hussein
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Iraq.
Meqdam A. Khalaf
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Tikrit University, Iraq.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v1/5254
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