Diospyros malabarica is a prominent member of the Ebenaceae. In Assamese, this medium-sized evergreen tree is referred to as kendu. Many North-East Indian ethnic groupings use the herb for its ethnomedical purposes. The following parts of Diospyros malabarica were used to screen phytochemicals both qualitatively (flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins) and quantitatively (total phenolic and flavonoid contents). All the parts of Diospyros malabarica were extracted in turn using organic solvents like petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol and water in decreasing order of polarity from less polar to more polar solvents. These solvents included the root, leaves, bark, stem, ripe and unripe fruit. Additionally, biological activities that have antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties were investigated. The results showed that methanol was the best solvent for the extraction, followed by ethanol. It represented the highest extraction yield (18.3%), the richest diversity of phytochemicals and the highest levels of total phenolic and flavonoid contents in bark extract (602 ± 0.001 µg EAG/mg of extract and 455 ± 0.6 µg EQ/mg of extract, respectively). Among various D. malabarica extracts, methanol bark extract had the highest in vitro antibacterial activity (30.25 mm ± 0.9), antifungal activity (18.25 mm ± 0.2), anticancer activity (48%), antidiabetic activity (68%) and anti-inflammatory activity (62%). For this reason, among other extracts of D. malabarica, methanol may be the best solvent to extract the most phytochemicals, promising antioxidants and in vitro biological activities from the bark extract. It may also act as a free radical rummager.
Author (s) Details
Afnan Sayeid Himi
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A, Green Road,
Farmgate, Dhaka - 1205, Bangladesh.
Manik Pramanik
Department of Pharmacy, Jagannath University, 9-10 Chittaranjan Avenue,
Dhaka - 1100, Bangladesh.
Maisha Muntaher
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A, Green Road,
Farmgate, Dhaka - 1205, Bangladesh.
Md. Sagar Mia
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara,
Dhaka - 1229, Bangladesh.
Md. Ariful Islam
Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Kanchan Bridge,
South Purbachal, Dhaka - 1461, Bangladesh.
Khadizatul Kubra
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, 74/A, Green Road,
Farmgate, Dhaka - 1205, Bangladesh.
Khandaker Antara
Anika
Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh, Kanchan Bridge,
South Purbachal, Dhaka - 461, Bangladesh.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v13/5047
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