Advancing Healthcare Delivery through Telemedicine and Remote Patient Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review | Chapter 7 | Medical Science: Updates and Prospects Vol. 2

 

Telemedicine and remote patient monitoring (RPM) solutions represent a paradigm shift in healthcare delivery, harnessing the power of digital technologies to improve patient care, enhance accessibility, and reduce costs. Telemedicine facilitates virtual consultations, digital health platforms, and real-time diagnostics, allowing healthcare professionals to interact with patients across geographic barriers. RPM, on the other hand, enables continuous tracking of patient health metrics such as heart rate, glucose levels, and blood pressure through wearable and connected devices, promoting proactive management of chronic diseases and reducing hospital readmissions. Recent advancements, including artificial intelligence (AI) for predictive analytics, wearable biosensors, and high-speed 5G networks, have expanded the scope and efficiency of telemedicine and RPM. These solutions proved invaluable during the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuring continuity of care while minimising physical contact. However, challenges persist, including concerns around data security, interoperability, regulatory barriers, and disparities in access to technology. This review explores the evolution, benefits, and challenges of telemedicine and RPM, while addressing their potential to transform global healthcare systems. It highlights key innovations, regulatory considerations, and the need for equitable access to bridge healthcare gaps. By integrating these technologies into routine care, the future of telemedicine and RPM holds the promise of improved patient outcomes, cost efficiencies, and greater resilience in healthcare systems worldwide.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Vajrala Leela Lakshmi
Department of Pharmaceutics, Narayana Pharmacy College, Nellore -524004, India.

 

S. Naveen Taj
Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati -517502, India.

 

R. Radha
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, Sri Venkateswara college of Pharmacy (Autonomous), Chittoor – 517127, India.

 

M. Krishnaveni
Department of Pharmaceutics, Narayana Pharmacy College, Nellore -524004, India.

 

Sibbala Subramanyam
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Guntur – 522002, India.

 

D. Jothieswari
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry & Analysis, Sri Venkateswara college of Pharmacy (Autonomous), Chittoor – 517127, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msup/v2/6727

Transforming Healthcare with the Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Review of Applications and Innovations | Chapter 2 | Engineering Research: Perspectives on Recent Advances Vol. 10

 

The rapid evolution of smart technologies and communication protocols has ushered in a transformative era for the Internet of Things (IoT), particularly within the healthcare sector. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the key applications, enabling technologies, and emerging trends in IoT-driven healthcare systems. It outlines a standard model for integrating IoT into medical infrastructures, focusing on sensor-based monitoring, data acquisition, and predictive analytics using machine learning. The discussion explores the impact of IoT on clinical workflows, remote health tracking, chronic disease management, and patient engagement. Special emphasis is placed on network architectures, data transmission standards, and the role of Health Information Technology (HIT) in enhancing interoperability and system efficiency. By synthesising current literature and incorporating recent advancements, this chapter highlights both the opportunities and challenges in building scalable, secure, and intelligent healthcare ecosystems. It also presents new figures and use cases that demonstrate real-world deployments of IoT in medical settings, supporting the argument for broader adoption of IoT-enabled healthcare solutions.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Ragni Kumari
Department of Optometry, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, Etawah-206130, India.

 

Jagdish Singh
Department of Optometry, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, Etawah-206130, India.

 

Mayank Pal Singh
Department of Radiological and Imaging Technology, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, Etawah-206130, India.

 

Mayank Kumar
Department of Physiotherapy, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences (UPUMS), Saifai, Etawah-206130, India.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/erpra/v10/6039

Enhancing Data Security in Telemedicine IoT Applications through Hybrid Cryptography | Chapter 2 | Current Research Progress in Physical Science Vol. 3

 

IoT is a network of physical things or objects that are integrated with sensors, software, electronics, and network connectivity. By 2030, the total number of IoT devices is expected to reach 75.4 billion. With the aid of various medical sensors, a remote patient monitoring system will be designed for Internet of Things (IoT)-based telemedicine applications. With the aid of AI algorithms, the healthcare sensor data will eventually be identified and forecasted. In the current healthcare sector, a lot of sensitive data is exchanged. The integration of an increasing number of digital technologies in hospitals, together with laboratory and outpatient examinations of patients and their accompanying files, have all contributed to the growth of data related to patient care in recent years. Electronic health record systems are medical management systems that include all of a patient’s personal and medical data. As a consequence, this data must be stored and secured in the cloud. This paper describes a data storage and security solution that is well-suited for the Internet of Medical Things. The proposed model consists of a security framework for IoT-based telemedicine applications. Because of the shorter key length, the improved Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) approach using Blake2 hashing takes substantially less time to encrypt. The data is encrypted with the created key and the Advanced Encrypted Standard (AES). The proposed security approach is a hybrid cryptography technique that combines symmetric and asymmetric key encryption, resulting in a more secure system.

 

Author(s) Details

Arasada Subashini
Department of Electronics, Gayatri Vidya Parishad for Degree and P.G Courses (A), Visakhapatnam, 530007, India.

K. Nataraju
Department of Electronics, Gayatri Vidya Parishad for Degree and P.G Courses (A), Visakhapatnam, 530007, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpps/v3/200

Digital Interventions for COPD Management: Reducing Hospitalization and Readmission Rates | Chapter 1 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 6

 

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with acute exacerbations frequently resulting in hospitalization and early readmissions. Traditional management approaches are reactive, focusing on in-hospital care rather than prevention. The integration of digital health technologies offers a promising strategy to enhance disease monitoring and reduce healthcare utilization.

 

Methods: A narrative review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of digital interventions in COPD management. Seventy-three studies, including systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies published between 2000 and 2024, were sourced from PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Search terms included “COPD,” “digital health,” “telemedicine,” “remote monitoring,” and “hospital readmission.” Inclusion criteria focused on English-language studies with adult populations and clinical outcomes related to hospitalization or emergency visits.

 

Results: Digital interventions such as telemonitoring, mobile health apps, wearable devices, and AI-driven platforms were consistently associated with reduced hospital admissions, improved symptom tracking, better medication adherence, and enhanced patient engagement. However, disparities in digital access and integration challenges persist. A major obstacle to disparities in digital access is technological literacy among both patients and healthcare professionals. Infrastructure disparities, particularly in low-resource settings, further compound the issue by hindering reliable access to the internet, devices, and technical support. In addition, the integration of digital tools with existing healthcare systems is frequently fragmented, leading to inefficiencies and reluctance among providers to adopt new workflows.

 

Conclusion: Digital health technologies have significant potential to transform COPD care by reducing hospitalizations and promoting proactive disease management, though equity and implementation barriers must be addressed.

 

Recommendations: To maximize the benefits of digital health in COPD management, healthcare systems should prioritize the integration of telemonitoring and mobile health solutions into routine care pathways. Clinicians must be trained in digital tools to support patient adherence and early detection of exacerbations. Additionally, efforts should focus on addressing digital literacy and access disparities, particularly among older adults and underserved populations. Policymakers should invest in infrastructure and reimbursement models that support the sustainable implementation of digital health interventions.

 

Author (s) Details

Vineet Mishra

Department of Health Informatics, Arizona State University, Arizona, USA.

 

David Stuckler
Dondena Centre for Research on Social Dynamics, Department of Social & Political Sciences, Bocconi University, 4 via Roentgen, 20136, Milano, Italy.

 

Courtney L. McNamara
Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, UK.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v6/5553

Telemedicine Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Future of Healthcare |Chapter 4 | Pharmaceutical Research: Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 7

Aim: This study was conducted to reveal the problems of the telemedicine sector and to provide suggestions for its use in the future.

 

Introduction: Telemedicine technologies are a form of medical care and training that can counteract the spread of a COVID-19 epidemic by eliminating direct contact of both medical workers with patients and medical workers and patients with each other. The COVID-19 pandemic was a global threat that affected the economy as well as the health system in India. The majority of rural and non-urban areas were inaccessible and did not have adequate access to all health services. Technologies like telemedicine services were important in this case. These telehealth services, which served a sizable portion of the populace, attempted to restore the health system at the lowest possible cost. Telemedicine doctors could counsel on patients' emergency situations while lightening the load on secondary hospitals. The guidelines should be revised to address the weaknesses and establish an ongoing system of evaluation to permit future improvements in the health system. Telemedicine technologies will continue to grow and be adopted by more healthcare practitioners and patients in a wide variety of forms, and these practice guidelines will be a key factor for handling emergency health conditions in the future.

 

Materials and Methods: It was a record-based, cross-sectional study done in the Telemedicine Center at IPGMER, Kolkata, from 1st January to 31st January 2022. Patients were interrogated by simple questionnaires over the telephone. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19 antibody-positive or suspected COVID-19-positive patients was included in the study. Patients related to vaccines or enquiring about other health-related problems were excluded.

 

Results: In 92 patients, the mean age was 48.75 ± 4 and there were about equal no. of male and female patients. Among comorbidities, the number of hypertensive, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and diabetes mellitus were higher. The duration of symptoms is longer in these comorbid patients. Among antibiotics, azithromycin was the most prescribed. The percentage of encounters with antibiotics was much higher than the World Health Organization (WHO) standard. The percentage of drugs from the essential drug list was about the same as the WHO standard. The average consultation time was lower than 7 minutes of the WHO standard.

 

This study showed that comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, COPD, etc., affected the duration and severity of COVID-19 symptoms. There were overuses of antibiotics as well as other drugs more than WHO indicators but consultation time was less than WHO indicators. More patients were satisfied with this service than in previous studies. People with poor health receive health advice to improve their quality of life. Telemedicine services can reduce the risk of self-medication by prescribing medications appropriately and promptly.

 

Conclusion: Telemedicine services can reduce the risk of self-medication by prescribing medications appropriately and promptly. There are some problems in this study, in which medications were prescribed based on symptoms of hearing loss without a physical examination. Artificial intelligence-based technologies can modify the services. Finally, by overcoming all obstacles, this service should be a part of the “triage” plan in the health of the future.

 

Author (s) Details

Ranit Bag
Department of Pharmacology, Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay Government Medical College and Hospital, Howrah, West Bengal, India.

 

Malabika Mondal
Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

 

Soumik Mukherjee
Department of Pharmacology, Diamond Harbour Government Medical College and Hospital, Diamond Harbour, West Bengal, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v7/2559

A New Paradigm in Patient Care - Leveraging Artificial Intelligence and Mobile Health Technology for Patient-Centred Solutions | Chapter 7 | Advanced Concepts in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 7

 In current years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has altered healthcare, with a focus on progressive AI techniques for ailment prediction using mHealth dossier from wearables and smartphones. This scoping review aims to explore the arising use of AI-powered mHealth (AIM) in disease administration and health promotion, outlining research from the past two years. Utilizing established foundations, AIM literature from biomedical technology, AI, and news systems was reviewed. Searches were attended in relevant databases using keywords. Items on AIM were included, while technical-only AI items were excluded. Consumed 121 screened articles, 40 join the criteria. These articles called various aspects of AIM, in the way that detecting mental health issues and never-ending conditions and enabling detached patient monitoring. AIM studies generally focused on mental and material health, often utilizing proprietary datasets. In conclusion, AIM is a increasing research field, offering accurate guessws for preventive healthcare. Current AI techniques like federated knowledge and explainable AI can enhance AIM maintenance and secure data sharing in the healthcare manufacturing.

Author(s) Details:

Jitendra Patel,
GMERS Medical College, Vadnagar, Gujarat, HNGU, Patan, India.

Charu Mishra,
Madhav Prasad Tripathi Medical College, Distt. Siddharth Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Uditkumar Agrawal,
Biochemistry Department, NSC Government Medical College, Khandwa, India.

R. Pavani,
Government Medical College Adoni, Kurnool District, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Yogesh Kumar Yadav,
Rajarshi Dashrath Autonomous State Medical College, Distt. Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Roja V. R.,
St. John’s Research Institute, St. John Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Pratik N. Akhani,
Department of Physiology, GMERS Medical College, Dharpur, Patan-384265, Gujarat, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACMMR-V7/article/view/12668

Telemedicine: Healthcare Using Telecommunications Technology | Chapter 9 | Advances and Challenges in Science and Technology Vol. 8

 This episode presents an overview of the outlooks of telemedicine, reflecting the present state of the field. It decides with a overhang of the status of telemedicine from now on. Advanced technologies with kind network services allow individuals to help healthcare delivery and make it convenient to more and more crowd. Telemedicine is a more beneficial technology that can manage easier for folk to get deterrent treatment and help their long-term energy. Technology is a critical component of telemedicine. Standard telemedicine wholes need three basic elements; an interface for patients, an connect for professional caregivers, and a network for connection.

Author(s) Details:

Marion Ben-Jacob,
Avalon University School of Medicine, USA.

Tyler Ben-Jacob,
Avalon University School of Medicine, USA.

David Wang,
Mercy College, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACST-V8/article/view/12387

Telemedicine: Basics, Utilization and Challenges during Covid Pandemic | Chapter 3 | Research Highlights in Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

Telemedicine is the use of photoelectric data to communicate knowledge for the purpose of sustaining healthcare when tangible distance separates users. In this review item, we talked historical outlooks, telemedicine system ideas, telemedicine center infrastructure, role in differing spheres, types of Telemedicine Technology, applications honestly Health, current Initiatives and perspectives of a person trained in medical science, and eventually the success and recognition of Telemedicine during the Covid 19 pandemic. Using detached monitoring, patient-connected data for a large number of things can be gathered happening at about the same time. However, there is continually a drawback if an issue arises on account of software or hardware. Thus, counting solely on a calculating system for patient monitoring maybe problematic at times. As a result, skilled should forever be a balance between computer reliance and human intelligence use. Each and every one’s life dissimilarity can be fashioned by maintaining the balance between two together.

Author(s) Details:

Ravishekar N. Hiremath,
Department of Community Medicine, AFMS, New Delhi, India.

Pooja Sinha,
Department of OBG, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Sandhya Ghodke,
Department of Anaesthesia, Rainbow Children Hospital, Bangalore, India.

S. R. Manjunath,
Department of Community Medicine, AFMS, New Delhi, India.

Kasi Vishwanath,
Department of Community Medicine, AFMS, New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHDHR-V4/article/view/9935

Study on Progress and Challenges Associated with the Use of Telemedicine in Sub-Saharan Africa | Chapter 06 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 Many government agencies and health organisations in Sub-Saharan Africa are keeping a close eye on telemedicine advancements. The current hurdles and triumphs in the implementation of telemedicine programmes in Sub-Saharan Africa are examined in this narrative literature review. In Sub-Saharan Africa, cultural differences, financial, organisational, technological, and legal concerns are all major roadblocks to telemedicine development. Despite the fact that many rural African hospitals lack staff and space in surgical outpatient clinics, there are still barriers to telemedicine's progress and deployment in the surgical profession and beyond in this region. The goal of this study was to look into current trends in the use of telemedicine in the region, as well as significant impediments that healthcare decision-makers should be aware of. In order to foster long-term use and widespread adoption of telemedicine in Sub-Saharan Africa, a number of recommendations are offered. More research is needed to identify the use of digital health technologies in the region and its impact on the local health care systems.

Author(S) Details

Richard Wismayer
Department of Surgery, Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, Masaka, Uganda and Department of Surgery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Habib Medical School, IUIU University, Kampala, Uganda.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V3/article/view/6335

Current Perspectives of Telemedicine in COVID-19 | Chapter 06 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol. 7

 The current COVID-19 Pandemic has prompted a renewed focus on Telehealth resources in order to both control the disease's transmission and reach out to a larger demographic. The current state of Telehealth services in India is discussed in this article, as well as strategies to make them more accessible, economical, and acceptable to everybody.

Author(S) Details

Imrana Masood
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, UP, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRD-V7/article/view/5414

Mobile Multimedia Messaging Service Teleradiology- in Otorhinolaryngological Emergencies: Brief Overview | Chapter 10 | Research Trends and Challenges in Medical Science Vol.3

Introduction: The diagnosis of many otolaryngological emergencies is based on radiological investigations likex-rays and CT-Scans. The reliability of the mobile phone digital images of emergency radiological investigations send via multi-media messaging, a cheap and rapid modality for telemedicine, has not been explored for otolaryngological emergencies.  Objective: The present article explores its benefit as a tool for medical communication, especially for consultation by the resident doctors in situations where specialists are not immediately available. Methods: Certain otolaryngology emergencies like faciomaxillary trauma, foreign bodies and infective emergencies, may need urgent imagingin the form of X-rays, Computed Tomography (CT-Scan) or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for diagnosis. Various studies related to Mobile Multimedia Service (MMS) teleradiology in Otolaryngological emergencies were reviewed. The digital images of the radiographs viewed on an illuminated view box in Ear Nose and Throat (ENT) emergency, clicked under constant environment, including same resident doctor and cell phone with camera equipped with mobile multimedia message service (MMS) were sent via MMS to another phone of the same make and model, with blinding to avoid observer bias. The cell phone digital images (index test) have been compared with reporting of the actual radiograph films viewed on a view box (reference standard) with regards to their diagnostic accuracy. Results: Mobile Multimedia Service (MMS) teleradiology has been found to have a diagnostic accuracy comparable to the actual radiographs (X-rays, CT-Scans, MRI) viewed on a view box or computer screen, for most of the otolaryngological emergencies except undisplaced fracture of nasal bones and surgical emphysema where the results were dependent on the technique of clicking the image and the resolution of the camera. Conclusion: Mobile Multimedia Service (MMS) teleradiology is a cheaper, quick and more easily accessible solution in medical communication and it can be incorporated as a handy and readily available communication tool for handling otolaryngological emergencies as it would enhance the confidence in remote decision making and improve patient care in emergency settings.

Author(s) Details
Dr. Shraddha Jain
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe be University), Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India

Dr. Sunil Kumar
Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (M), Wardha, Maharashtra, India.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/211

E-Health Status and Horizons | Chapter 16 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 1

The article reviews status and development potential of E-Health systems with modular formation Electronic Healthcare Record. The focus is on the person-centered healthcare. Intellectual decision support modules built into Health information systems provide new possibilities. Computer-assisted module should be available for physicians, working with Electronic Medical Record, including during telemedicine consultations. In the meetings for difficult cases, the physicians are able to quickly obtain information from regional Cloud Optimized Storage and Computing. Telemedicine and mHealth are considered as the important components of E-Health for consultations and personalized remote monitoring of patients. Personal portable devices, as well as an electronic stethoscopes and specialized video cameras for obtaining objective information by distant consultants are used to monitor vital body parameters. Smart (digital) hospitals using cyber-physical systems will proceed to an increasingly high level of intellectual support of clinical processes. In prospect, E-Health will provide a comprehensive analysis of the health status of the population by physicians from different countries, based on cross-border medicine.

Author (s) Details

 B. A. Kobrinskii
Artificial Intelligence Problems Institute, Federal Research Center “Computer Science and Control” of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia and Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/203