Spatial and Seasonal Variation in the Taxonomic Diversity of Soft-Bottom Fish Communities in San Ignacio Lagoon, Baja Caifornia Sur, Mesxico | Chapter 7 | Current Research on Geography, Earth Science and Environment Vol. 4

 

San Ignacio Lagoon, located in northwestern Baja California Sur, is an important site for commercial fisheries; however, studies specifically addressing the taxonomic diversity of its fish communities remain scarce. To fill this gap, we assessed the diversity of fish associated with soft-bottom habitats across 11 sites from spring 1998 to winter 1999, using alpha, beta, gamma, and taxonomic distinctness indices (Δ* and Δ+). A total of 1,361 specimens representing 44 species and 35 genera were recorded. Seasonal analysis revealed the highest alpha diversity in summer, while beta diversity peaked in spring. Gamma diversity was greatest in spring and summer, with 27 species each. Spatial analysis showed significant differences in Δ+, whereas temporal variation was not significant. These findings highlight the ecological importance of San Ignacio Lagoon and provide baseline data for future monitoring and conservation.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Barjau-González, Emelio
Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS), Apdo. Postal 19-B, La Paz, C.P. 23080, BCS, México.

 

Lopez-Vivas, Juan Manuel
Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS), Apdo. Postal 19-B, La Paz, C.P. 23080, BCS, México.

 

Romo-Piñera, Abril K.
Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS), Apdo. Postal 19-B, La Paz, C.P. 23080, BCS, México.

 

Juaristi-Videgaray, Diego
Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS), Apdo. Postal 19-B, La Paz, C.P. 23080, BCS, México.

 

Bernal Espinoza, Dariana G.
Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (UABCS), Apdo. Postal 19-B, La Paz, C.P. 23080, BCS, México.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crgese/v4/6766

A Review on Sources, Hydrochemical and Temporal Changes of Arsenic Contamination in the Groundwater of Ballia and Ghazipur Districts, India | Chapter 9 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 7

Arsenic contamination in groundwater has emerged as a significant environmental and public health challenge, both nationally and globally. Recent assessments of groundwater samples from key regions in the north-eastern states of India reveal arsenic concentrations ranging from 50 to 986 µg/L, exceeding the permissible limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS), which are 10 µg/L and 50 µg/L, respectively. The seasonal behavior of arsenic is largely governed by geochemical processes, wherein iron (III) oxyhydroxide decomposition during the monsoon season releases arsenic into the groundwater, while its adsorption onto iron (III) oxyhydroxide occurs during the pre-monsoon season.

This study examines the sources, hydro-chemical characteristics, and seasonal variations of arsenic in groundwater within the Ballia and Ghazipur districts of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. As predicaments in the environment are due to its mobilization under natural geogenic conditions as well as anthropogenic activities. Arsenic mineral is not present in As contaminated alluvial aquifer but As occurs adsorbed on hydrated ferric oxide (HFO) and generally coats clastic grains derived from Himalayan mountains. As is released to the groundwater mainly by bio-remediated reductive dissolution of HFO with corresponding oxidation of organic matter. The development of strongly reductive dissolution of mineral oxides (Fe and Mn) at near-neutral pH may lead to desorption and ultimately release of As into the groundwater. As release through the geochemical process is a more important factor in alluvial aquifers causing As contamination rather than sources of arsenic. During the monsoon, rising water tables and flood conditions contribute to arsenic dilution, whereas prolonged moisture retention restricts groundwater movement, affecting arsenic dispersion. This study highlights the impact of hydrological cycles on arsenic behavior, providing insights for effective groundwater management in arsenic-affected regions.

 

Author (s) Details

Akbare Azam
Department of Chemistry, Govt. Girls’ P. G. College Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Hemant Kumar Nirala
Department of Chemistry, Govt. Girls’ Degree College Saiyadraja Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

J. K. Pandey
Department of Chemistry, St. Andrew’s College Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Ruby Ahmed
Department of Chemistry, Shibli National College Azamgadh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Trinath Mishra
Department of Chemistry P. G. College, Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Manisha
Department of Home Science, Govt. Degree College Sahjanwa, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Sankatha Prasad Sonkar
Department of Chemistry Govt. P. G. College Chunar Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Awanish Kumar Pandey
Department of Chemistry S. M. M. Town P. G. College Ballia, Uttar Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v7/4743 

An Overview on Wetland Ecosystem – Interplay of Factors Influencing Microclimate and Seasonal Variation | Chapter 4 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 6

 Water, is individual of the basic necessity for the survival of human beings, flora, and animal world. Wetlands have been secondhand as a source of water, and still as dump grounds for discharging waste and other human waste. Water and water bodies have existed overexploited as a result of urbanization and machine control, and they are disappearing at an rapid change rate. Seasonal variations and anthropogenic activities have a meaningful impact on water characteristic, microclimate, and aquatic difference.  Researches reviewed in this place study indicate that the various limits are interdependent accompanying each other and influence the output, biodiversity, and ultimately the micro-humidity and seasonal alternatives of a wetland environment. The objective of this bestowed review is to understand the act of dependency and confidence of various paramenters to a degree physical, chemical and organic which influences the microclimate of a narrow domain contributing to migratory variations. It is famous that physical and chemical determinants, such as pH, hotness, chlorophyll content, light, and phosphate content, have a direct impact on output and biodiversity. The microclimate and seasonal variations of a swamp are further impacted by changes in output and biodiversity. Additionally, modifications of chemical limits affect modifications of tangible parameters, and vice versa. Additionally, changes in output and biodiversity are influenced by tangible and chemical determinants. The interactions between various parameters that control the microclimate and migratory variations are settled by this study. This review establishes the foundation for accompanying research on wetland environments to improve sustainability and support practices.

Author(s) Details:

Mathews P. Raj,
Department of Microbiology and Botany, School of Sciences Block II, Jain (Deemed To Be University), Bangalore, India.

Reena Susan Philip,
Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Sciences Block II, Jain (Deemed To Be University), Bangalore, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V6/article/view/10219

Study on the Prevalence and Temporal Shifts of Various Diseases in a Closed Community: A Clinical Study from a Public Sector University | Chapter 14 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 3

 In the subject of public health, epidemiological research is an important issue. Despite the fact that a substantial number of such studies are accessible from teaching and non-teaching medical facilities (basic health units, rural health centres, and hospitals established at the district level by local government), no such data was available from any public or private university. As a result, the current research sought to uncover health issues among female students at a public university, as well as the temporal variations in the prevalence of these disorders over the course of a year. This will aid in the selection of drugs to be available in pharmacies, fiscal budget allocation, and the development of an appropriate health policy guideline. The data for almost 4000 female students between the ages of 20 and 25 who visited the university's Medical Center in 2010 was collected for this study. On a similar pattern, the statistics were gathered for the year 2019. The most patients were seen during the first quarter of both years, according to the annals. Females had the greatest upper respiratory tract infections, followed by allergic rhinitis/spasm, especially in the winter (December, January, and February) and early spring (March, April, and May) (March). The prevalence of various illnesses, as well as temporal fluctuations, were shown to be statistically significant (P 0.001). During the year 2019, there was a significant increase in the frequency of URTIs, allergies, acid peptic disease, and GIT infections, as well as a significant increase in the prevalence of anaemia. There was a statistically significant difference in the occurrence of these illnesses (p.001).

 

Overcrowding and poor personal cleanliness were clearly linked to the occurrence of most diseases, including scabies, according to the study. It was also established that some illnesses, such as acid peptic disease, were linked to mental stress, while others (anaemia and gastrointestinal diseases) were caused by nutritional imbalances, inadequate hygiene, and a bad diet. The findings suggest that the community's living conditions be improved, and that mass awareness of personal health and hygiene be established by involving specialists in lectures and seminars. The centre should also be well-equipped with sufficient diagnostic facilities to ensure efficient functioning. Furthermore, enhancing the institution's health care standards will require an overall rise in health expenditure.

Author (S) Details

Samina Rafique

Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.

Waseem Sarwar

Department of General Surgery, Unit 2, Nishtar Medical College and Hospital, Multan, Pakistan.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V3/article/view/4161

Study on Annual Component Analysis of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) | Chapter 8 | Emerging Challenges in Agriculture and Food Science Vol. 1

 The annual obesity ratio, umami components (glutamic acid and glycogen), functional components (Zn, Mn, Cu, and vitamin B12), and Cd and noroviruses (NoVs) contents of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were quantified to study the change in components over a year.

The obesity ratio and chemical components in oysters changed seasonally depending on the spawning season. From November to March, the glutamic acid content rose. Glycogen content, on the other hand, peaked in May and November. During spawning, mineral content increased dramatically. According to the NoVs GI and GII strains, oysters are primarily infected by the GI. Depending on the oyster farms, there was a significant variance in NoVs content.

The levels of glutamic acid, zinc, and copper in mussels were constant throughout the year. The Cd concentration of mussels was one-fifth that of oysters. Despite the fact that the NoVs strain was altered by the collecting area, mussels from both areas had lower NoVs concentration in the summer, which corresponded to the mussel consumption season in Japan.

Our comparative research of seasonal variations in chemical components and NoVs content in pacific oysters (C. gigas) and mussels (M. galloprovincialis) revealed a clear link between physiological parameters and reproduction on farms.

Author (S) Details

Y. Yoshiki
Department of Food Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University 1-308 Suematsu Nonoichi-shi, Ishikawa, Japan.

C. Mizukoshi
Department of Food Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University 1-308 Suematsu Nonoichi-shi, Ishikawa, Japan.

M. Uno
Department of Food Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University 1-308 Suematsu Nonoichi-shi, Ishikawa, Japan.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/ECAFS-V1/article/view/3101

Market Arrivals and Prices of Moth Bean in Rajasthan State- A Trend Analysis | Chapter 5 | Insights into Economics and Management Vol. 1

 In this segment, the study of seasonal indices of arrivals and prices showed that prices were at the lowest when a large portion of the commodity was received on the market. In Nagaur and Jodhpur, there was a strong negative link between prices and Moth bean arrivals. In the Merta and Jaipur markets, however, there was a negative but non-significant link. However, the correlation between arrivals and prices in the Nokha market was positive, but not significant. Trend analysis of moth bean arrivals in the markets of Nagaur, Merta, Jodhpur and Jaipur showed a decreasing (non-important) trend with the exception of the market of Jodhpur where it was important. Nevertheless, the pattern values for arrivals in Over the years, the Nokha market has shown optimistic, though not major, trends. The rates of moth beans are depressed during the peak season. Government should therefore intensify efforts in the peak time in the procurement of moth bean at MSP. Marketing loans can also be used by farmers to withhold their goods for some time in order to receive remunerative prices during the mid-term and lean season. Credit facilities should also be provided for farmers under Gramin Bhandaran Yojana to provide village-level scientific storage facilities.

Author (s) Details

Dr. Subhita Kumawat
Department of Agricultural Economics, Sri Karan Narendera Agricultural University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Dr. I. P. Singh
Department of Agricultural Economics, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.

Dr. Prem Singh Shekhawat
Department of Agricultural Economics, Sri Karan Narendera Agricultural University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Dr. Sheela Kharkwal
Department of Agricultural Economics, Sri Karan Narendera Agricultural University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Dr. Ramesh Chand Asiwal
Department of Agricultural Economics, Sri Karan Narendera Agricultural University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Mr. Sonu Jain
Department of Agricultural Economics, Sri Karan Narendera Agricultural University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Dr. Vishnu Shankar Meena
Department of Agricultural Economics, Sri Karan Narendera Agricultural University, Jobner, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/276