Discarded Knowledge: Unlocking the Secrets of Owl Pellets | Chapter 10 | Research Perspective on Biological Science Vol. 4

Bird pellets are an accumulation of undigested food items consumed by birds and cannot be excreted as faeces but are regurgitated by mouth as compact packages. These contain hard, and not easily digested, material which is of little nutritional value to the bird – the bones, claws, beaks or jaws and teeth of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fishes; the thorax or wing-cases of insects and seed husks and other coarse vegetable matter. Hard materials are then usually encased by the softer, and equally indigestible, material of mammal fur, bird feathers or vegetable fibres. Often characteristic, these pellets can provide valuable clues to diet. Of the many hundreds of bird species that produce pellets, owls make the pellets that, when dissected and analysed, can provide the most accurate record of the diet of any bird.

 

Here, we look at how the owl's pellet is produced and how the dissection and analysis of them are crucial to so many fields of study:  – entomology (distribution of arthropod species, their communities and their environments), mammalogy (diversity and structure of small mammal assemblages), ornithology (diet and distribution), palaeontology and taphonomy (taphonomic and taxonomic analyses of bones and teeth of microvertebrates contained in ancient owl pellets and markers of human actions), education and citizen science (an exciting and interactive introduction to environmental studies and how amateurs can contribute to data gathering), botany (owl-mediated seed dispersal), ecology (evidence of environmental contamination and pollution) and finally, we tell how owl pellets, the discarded remains of a meal, themselves become a food source, serving as a snack for vultures. Although discarded in nature, owl pellets hide a host of secrets just waiting to be unlocked.

 

Author (s) Details

Alan Sieradzki
Global Owl Project, USA.

 

Heimo Mikkola
University of Eastern Finland, Koskikatu 9B31, 80100 Joensuu, Finland.

 

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpbs/v4/5628

 

Combustion: A Sustainable Way to Generate Energy from Olive Pits and Its CFD Application | Chapter 1 | Research Highlights in Science and Technology Vol. 5

 Biomass explosion has become a critical conversion process for producing a clean strength in the form of heat in domestic stoves and/or power in power plants. Currently, brownish pits/stones are appealing solid biofuels due to their physic-synthetic characteristics. However, the complicatedness of the combustion process and the burdensome and high cost exploratory tests have made the use of CFD calculations a powerful necessity. Indeed, CFD established modelling and imitation has proved the capability of optimising miscellaneous combustion limits up reaching best choice solution. Hence, the chapter gives a comprehensive review of the traits of olive pits in allure raw and densified form and the act of the combustion technologies. It survey, in another way, the analytical equations commanding the heat and mass transfer accompanying a detail sub-model. It gives a detailed writing of the heterogeneous and comparable chemical responses phenomenon and the smoke flow in the case of a fixed bed combustor fed by brownish pits using comsol multiphysics.

Author(s) Details:

Mohamed Ali Mami,
Faculty of Sciences of Monastir (FSM), University of Monastir, Ionized and Reactive Media Studies Research Laboratory (EMIR), 15 Avenue Ibn El Jazzar Monastir 5019, Tunisia.

Marzouk Lajili,
Faculty of Sciences of Monastir (FSM), University of Monastir, Ionized and Reactive Media Studies Research Laboratory (EMIR), 15 Avenue Ibn El Jazzar Monastir 5019, Tunisia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RHST-V5/article/view/11140

A Descriptive Study of Long Term Effects of Retained Pellets inside Human Body| Chapter 1 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

 

The study was acted in a after second care nursing home of Government Medical College Srinagar. It contained a companion of 70 pellet hit things all bearing pellets employed indifferent parts of the corpse in variable numbers. The victims were retained in follow up from 2016 completely of 2017 and later. The cases were listened for distinguishing syndromes had connection with pellets, relative position of pellets and need for eviction. Pellet injury is a rare type of armament intensity, and skilled aren't many written studies in the research for the next and complete administration of specific victims. So skilled are no clear obligations handy. Instead of So present are no clear contracts handy. We decided from our study that cases who have employed pellets inside their party need expected listened as far as they are syndrome-free, and the pellets need expected detached only if their existence interferes accompanying one's common projects.

Author(s) Details:

Azher Mushtaq,
Govt. Medical College, SMHS, Srinagar, India .

Atif Naeem Raja,
Govt. Medical College, SMHS, Srinagar, India .

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V7/article/view/8639

Effect of Hydroxy Propyl Cellulose and Eudragit Polymers on Delayed Release Pellet Systems | Chapter 2 | Challenges and Advances in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 5

 

 The goal of the current study is to create and assess omeprazole magnesium delayed release pellets for the treatment of acid reflux and ulcers utilising the drug stacking approach with a fluid bed processor.

Omeprazole magnesium saturated solutions in a variety of non-volatile solvents, including methanol, ethanol, acetone, isopropanol, and water, were prepared for solubility tests. Purified water, pH 6.8 and pH 7.4 phosphate buffers were also used to test the drug's solubility in these solvents. Omeprazole magnesium delayed release pellets were created by using a fluid bed processor to modify the compositions of the drug loading, barrier coating, and enteric coating. Due to the dissolving profile of formulation (F8), which comprises an efficient amount of hydroxypropyl cellulose-L and eudragit-L30 D55, the medication is released effectively in 30 minutes. FTIR and DSC tests were conducted to show that the modified formula was not incompatible with the medication and excipients. SEM research was done to comprehend the surface morphology of the pellets. Due to the existence of an ester structure, the enteric polymer eudragit was susceptible to hydrolysis in humid environments, which had an impact on the enteric defence in acid media.

Author(s) Details:

 Varalakshmi Mummidi,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, East Godavari District-533003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Shaikh Rezwana,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, East Godavari District-533003, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPR-V5/article/view/7770