Assessing the Outcome of Preoperative Transfusion Guideline on Sickle Cell Disease Patients at King Fahd Hospital-Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study | Chapter 11 | Medical Science: Recent Advances and Applications Vol. 6

Background: Sickle cell disease is one of the most common inherited haemoglobin disorders in the world. It is the most prevalent haemoglobin disorder in other parts of the world, including sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, the Mediterranean Basin, southern India and also South America.

 

Aim: A local hospital preoperative transfusion guideline was developed for sickle cell disease (SCD) patients to reduce perioperative and postoperative complications. This study was conducted to evaluate the outcome of clinical practice on SCD patients undergoing surgeries at King Fahd Hospital-Jeddah.

 

Methods: A retrospective review of 75 SCD patients undergoing surgery at King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, was conducted between April 2005 and May 2010. The medical records were reviewed to define the perioperative risks and the postoperative complications in relation to the type of transfusion modality selected. The data of patients’ details, transfusion type, risk factors and postoperative outcome were expressed in tables using SPSS v18.

 

Results: The median age of the patient was 24 years, and 34 of them were males and 41 were females. Preoperatively, 25.3% had complete exchange transfusion (CETX), 17.3% had partial exchange transfusion (PETX), 26.7% had simple top-up transfusion (STX), and 30.7% did not require transfusion (NTX). The postoperative complications included vaso-occlusive crises (VOC) in 20%, acute chest syndrome (ACS) in 2.7%, and fever in 16% of cases. In this study, 33.3% of patients required a prolonged period of hospital stay. In the patients of this study, postoperative fever, VOC, ACS, and the length of hospital stay did not show any difference regardless of the types of transfusion modalities. However, the correlation was highly significant between the pre-operative haemoglobin (Hb) level and postoperative fever (P<0.01) and VOC (P<0.01). Interestingly, SCD patients who received hydroxyurea had fewer postoperative complications such as fever (P<0.05) and vaso-occlusive crises (P<0.05), while those who received prophylactic heparin in the postoperative period had a reduced length of hospital stay (P<0.01) and vaso-occlusive crises (P<0.01).

 

Conclusion: The guidelines for preoperative transfusion in SCD patients were effective in reducing the postoperative morbidity and mortality. Moreover, this guideline emphasises the operative situations where preoperative transfusion is needed and the optimum regimen is required for different surgical operations subtypes. Further recommendations are extended to ensure patient safety by providing proper hydration, oxygenation, antibiotics and anticoagulation during and after surgery.

 

Author (s) Details

Sameera MR Felemban
King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Institute for Women’s Health, UCL, UK.

 

Rekha Bajoria
Institute for Women’s Health, UCL, UK.

 

Amani Alsawaf
ing Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

 

Ratna Chatterjee
Institute for Women’s Health, UCL, UK.

 

Abdulelah I Qadi
King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msraa/v6/5625

Application of Spike’s Protocol in Emergency and Intensive Care Unit While Delivering Death News to the Patient’s Attendant in a Tertiary Care Hospital in New Delhi, India | Chapter 8 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 6

Declaring the news of the death of a loved one is the most difficult and stressful part faced by a healthcare professional. This requires patience, good communication skills, and empathy. The bad news can be delivered in various ways but the most common method used in this study is the SPIKES protocol. The SPIKES protocol is a six-step process used to deliver bad news in a healthcare setup. The aim of this study is to discover the use of SPIKES protocol by healthcare professionals, especially in Emergency rooms and Intensive care units. All the healthcare professionals working in the ER and ICU of the hospital in Max Super Speciality Hospital, Shalimarbagh, New Delhi were included in this study. The study included a total of 100 active participants across the Emergency and ICU departments of the hospital. The major participants were female (68) when compared to male (32). Only 52% of the participants knew about the SPIKES protocol, its application and use and adequate details about it. The study also shows the need for separate counselling rooms to make this procedure smoother and safer for healthcare professionals to avoid any unwanted aggression from the patient's relatives.

Author(s) Details:

Surjeet Acharya,
Max Super Speciality Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, New Delhi, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V6/article/view/13359

Evaluate the Effect of Covid-19 on the Availability and Access to Medication: A Study Influenced the Adherence of Chronic Medications among Patients in the Khartoum Locality | Chapter 5 | Advanced Concepts in Pharmaceutical Research Vol. 2

 The spread of the coronavirus ailment 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused a unexpected and significant division in healthcare services, especially for sufferers suffering from incessant diseases. We aimed at judging the impact of the pandemic on adherence to incessant therapies through a orderly review of available studies. Since the early phases of the COVID-19 universal, several areas have gotten worse as the coronavirus forgiven has intensified. The pandemic had a important impact on many added industries, including the well-being industry, that was impacted in many ways. Health experts specifically questioned the patient's capability to take their medication as arbitrary despite obstacles. This poll attempts to label and discuss the tendency that individuals on chronic cures would get and routinely take their cures as directed. Two connected to the internet questionnaires were created with Google forms and likely to patients accompanying chronic illnesses and pharmacists in the Khartoum region. The survey was carried out during the study ending to obtain ultimate recent data. According to the dossier, 81.4% of the population stated difficulty acquiring their incessant medicine during the universal.  According to pharmacist drug chance in pharmacies decrease by 87%, despite that a significantly high percentage obey take their drugs (84%), and were able to acquire it by different approaches more than half of the sufferers ordered their drug from outside illegally, besides other approach bound for discussed through the paper

Author(s) Details:

Aya S. Ahmed,
University of Medical Science and Technology (UMST), 11128 Khartoum, Sudan.

Eman S. Wanasi,
University of Medical Science and Technology (UMST), 11128 Khartoum, Sudan.

Khadiga Eltegani,
University of Medical Science and Technology (UMST), 11128 Khartoum, Sudan.

Islam Ahmed,
General Medicine, Medway Maritime Hospital, UK.

Abdalla O. Elkhawad,
University of Medical Science and Technology (UMST), 11128 Khartoum, Sudan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ACPR-V2/article/view/12337

A Model of Medical Care around the World| Book Publisher International

 

The fact that further than 40 million people have no health insurance in the United States( US) and 36 of 57 countries don't meet introductory norms for healthcare in Africa is well known. Although the health sector has significant impact on global frugality both as an employer and a provider of goods and services, nevertheless, the major limiting factor to ameliorate health issues is attributed to lack of perpetration capacity. Accordingly, grounded on in- depth literature review and endured scripts, this paper provides a kind of guidance by pressing diversity and walls in design process of a model of medical care. The results show political commitment and high insurance content are the foundation of any effective response to successful health system challenge. still, given the applicability of the need to wide the assignments learned from this handwriting to the world population and to different institutions around the world, we supposed it necessary to restate this exploration into seven different languages which include English, French, Russian, Arabic, Indian, Japanese and Chinese.

Author(s) Details:

Camara N’Famory,
China University of Geosciences (CUG), China.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/AMMCW/issue/view/825

Keywords: Health, insurance, patient, population, World Health Organization (WHO)

Shell Structures and Functionalist Forms of Hospital Architecture (How Both Factors Influence on the Emotions of the Patient and the User) | Chapter 7 | New Approaches in Engineering Research Vol. 1

 As one of the requirements of human life is health and hygiene, some locations should be forecasted for these events to occur. Hygiene and health will be divided into physical and mental branches, according to researchers, and if mental health is provided, physical health will be easily available, and finally, human will be able to easily take his course during treatment to obtain a healthy life. It eventually results in the creation of great works and massive movements in human life. One of the characteristics of a good medical center is easy and quick access, so that patients can visit these facilities in as little time as possible. This access is defined as extending from the patient's residence to the interior spaces of the medical facility. Many factors influence the quality of this path. One factor is the human perception of form, specifically how to create a different form by designing an external shell and embedding the original structure beneath this shell so that it can be developed and expanded at the same time while also being inviting, so that clients and users move towards these centers and walk indoors comfortably and away from double stress. Doing studies, data collection, and information evaluation are the fundamentals of design and necessitate a full research design. The purpose of this research is to provide a comprehensive cognitive understanding of all those involved in hospital architectural design and patient care. In addition, principles and optimized guidelines for designing an efficient hospital were extracted after studying and collecting all available written and verbal references in order to meet patients' medicinal and psychological needs.

Author (S) Details

Sania Sami
Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Science and Research Branch-Qeshm, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Island, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NAER-V1/article/view/1913

The Active Role of Art Therapy in the Patient Community and the Effect of This Component on the External Body and Internal Spaces in Medical Centers | Chapter 10 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 1

 The use of art for healing is not a new phenomena, and the subject of art in healing has been discussed throughout human history for thousands of years. "For several centuries BC, artistic elements in the form of paintings and theater were used in the first civilizations to decrease fear and anxiety, build power and strength, and impart information." Other thinkers, such as Aristotle, have utilized Poetry and theater are good for the soul's health and cleansing. Painting, theatre, and music are still employed in creative art therapy to treat all diseases and people of all ages, from children to the elderly. As a result, the impact of art on human existence has been investigated from an architectural standpoint in medical center design. The tight, chilly, and lifeless forms of health centers, as well as their lack of accessibility, have always been human worries in the area of healthcare. The mental condition of patients has become increasingly important as a result of admission to these institutions and the increase of stressors generated by sickness and therapy. Medication is divided into two categories: physical and mental. It has been a fundamental aspect of human life since ancient times.

The first dimension influenced people's physical improvement, whereas the second factor influenced people's readiness to cope with the treatment procedure. Every medical institution was made up of separate but linked parts that came together to form the two components. With the increasing importance of this issue, the shape of these buildings and their access were the main issues discussed in these centers, so that patients could be treated in a simple and quick manner, in a more comfortable setting, with the least amount of time spent, and away from any type of environmental stress imposing in this complex.

Finally, several investigations and scientific discoveries have proven that the more physical and mental environmental constraints are lessened, the greater the psychological benefits. If the dimensions of patients are analyzed, patients will improve more quickly. This study also looked at how these elements interact with art and art therapy, as well as their effects on one another. The study's original principles included physical studies, data collection, and data interpretation and analysis. The field approach and content analysis were used in two portions of this qualitative-quantitative study, with qualitative investigations and a survey study in the qualitative studies and analysis section. All written and spoken references are examined in this section.

Author (s) Details

Sania Sami
Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Science and Research Branch-Qeshm, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Island, Iran.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V1/article/view/1342

Artificial Intelligent Based E- Health Monitoring Using Low Power Device in Wide Area Network | Chapter 10 | New Ideas Concerning Science and Technology Vol. 11

 In recent decades, the health surveillance system has expanded with new technologies and funds in developing countries in accordance with international standards. Due to inadequate data protection and large medical records, e-health tracking is lagging. Devices that need a lot of power to act as a network become expensive. The limitations of data security, inadequate bandwidth, and high-power devices have led to the creation of a hybrid wide-area network that uses low-power devices. The current study employs an E-Health monitoring system with low-power devices in a hybrid large-area network. The channel optimization algorithm regulates the data rate and bandwidth of the channel. The optimization method allows medical records contained in a computer system to be transmitted. Medical records are distributed using Artificial Intelligence in response to requests from patients and doctors (AI). Protection for the e-health monitoring system is provided by the security system and its data base. Fast speed, optimised data rate for medical data, and low power devices are all advantages of the proposed system. The performance of the system was compared to that of an existing 3G e-health monitoring system.

Author (s) Details

M. Monisha
Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600117, India.

P. Vijayalakshmi
Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600117, India.

V. Rajendran
Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600117, India.

D. Ravikumar
Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600117, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NICST-V11/article/view/684