Tuberculosis in Otorhinolaryngology: A Case Series and Short Review of Related Data from South-Eastern Europe | Chapter 4 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 10

 

This study provides significant contributions to the understanding of tuberculosis in the field of otorhinolaryngology. It highlights the diagnostic challenges posed by the rare ENT manifestations of tuberculosis, which are often mistaken for more common conditions such as neoplasms or chronic infections. The manuscript effectively underscores the importance of including tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis, especially in cases where clinical presentation is typical. Worldwide, tuberculosis can infect any part of the body, however, it most frequently affects the lungs. Even while otorhinolaryngological symptoms of tuberculosis are uncommon and typically develop as a result of lung illness, they nonetheless pose a serious diagnostic difficulty. About 1% of all upper airway localizations are caused by nasopharyngeal tuberculosis, which is uncommon and most frequently manifests as adenoids. Tuberculous glossitis (oral tuberculosis) is even scarcer and may present in various clinical forms, usually mimicking a malignant neoplasm, or, less often, trauma or other infectious lesions. Oropharynx tuberculosis is usually misdiagnosed as hypertrophic chronic tonsillitis. The study presents four rare cases of ENT tuberculosis, primary adenoiditis and tonsillitis in a 13-year-old girl, a curious case of tuberculous glossitis in a 65-year-old woman, clinically diagnosed as a lingual neoplasm and two cases of tuberculous lymphadenopathy uncommonly located in the submandibular and supraclavicular regions. A comprehensive review of literature follows the case presentations. Tuberculous manifestation in the ear, nose and throat area remains a difficult diagnosis to establish, particularly because of its rarity and non-specific clinical appearance, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of pharynx lesions. An early diagnosis is essential to avoid the occurrence of complications. Tuberculous glossitis remains a difficult diagnosis to establish, particularly because of its rarity and non-specific clinical appearance, and should be included in the differential diagnosis of oral lesions. It is rarely a primary infection, and an early diagnosis is essential to avoid the occurrence of complications.

 

Author (s) Details

Horia Mocanu
Department of ENT&HNS, Faculty of Medicine, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593, Bucharest, Romania and Department of ENT&HNS, Gaesti City Hospital, 135200, Gaesti, Dambovita, Romania.

 

Adela-Ioana Mocanu
Department of ENT&HNS, Gaesti City Hospital, 135200, Gaesti, Dambovita, Romania and Faculty of Medicine, Doctoral School, “Titu Maiorescu” University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v10/2565

A Case Study of Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Maxilla | Chapter 1 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

Plasma cells are normally found in Bone Marrow, it is responsible for Immunity response by making antibodies to fight infections. A localised buildup of abnormal plasma cells either inside the bone or outside the bones causes Solitary plasmacytoma Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a rare malignancy in head and neck region. It occurs when a single clone of plasma cells forms a localized tumor in the bone. Solitary bone plasmacytoma usually found in adult male with average age of diagnosis of 55 years. It contributed 3% of all plasma tumor.
 
A 49 year old presented in our outdoor patient department with complain of pain and swelling in Left Maxillary area for last one months. Bone Marrow Biopsy shown Mildly hypercellular marrow spaces with granulocyte hyperplasia. Megakaryocyte and erythroid series of cells are proportionally rated.
 
Biopsy from local area shown poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm. CECT-FACE findings were a large enhancing necrotic mass lesion, PET Scan report shows tumour invades the anterior wall to involve the pre- maxillary soft tissue.
 
Presence of an Isolated region of Bony destruction due to clonal plasma cells with morphological normal bone marrow examination with very low clonal plasma cell infiltration <10% are diagnosed criteria of solitary plasmacytoma other criteria are normal kidney function, occurrence of anaemia and hypercalcemia lower serum or urine level of monoclonal antibodies. Chemotherapy can be suggested for tumors progressing towards multiple myeloma.

Author(s) Details:

Seema Devi,
Department of Radiation Oncology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India.

Abhishek Kumar,
Department of Radiation Oncology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India.

Raina Rana,
Department of Radiation Oncology, IGIMS, Patna, Bihar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V7/article/view/14218

Malignant Bowel Neoplasms - Imaging Findings | Chapter 1 | Novel Research Aspects in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 5

 Bowel diseased neoplasms, particularly colorectal carcinomas, are the third most accepted cause of death general. When evaluating malignant bowel neoplasms, computerized axial tomography scanner (CT) is crucial. The stomach lumen is assessed by computed tomography all the while an examination of the gastrointestinal system, that also shows the stomach wall, surrounding tissues, and stable viscera. Here, we evaluate the diseased neoplasms of the small and big intestines with a acceptable scanning agreement and technique. We also delineate the various computed tomographic findings in diseased bowel neoplasms, extraintestinal involvement to stage stomach neoplasms, and to as accurately characterize the Cancer histologically as possible in this place book chapter.The length of the unhealthy intestinal segment, the quality of intestinal divider thickening, extraintestinal involvement, and different computed tomographic findings to stage bowel neoplasms and description of tumor histologically were all evaluated in the current practical study, which involved 38 victims who had existed diagnosed with bowel abnormal growth in animate being through biopsy. The most frequent site of difficulty in the small intestine is the part of digestive tract (13%), whereas the most frequent spot in the large entrails is the rectum (39%). Bowel segment involvement happens more frequently in short (71.1%) than in long portions (28.9%). More regularly (86.8%) than eccentric wall setting (13.2%) and circumferential wall setting, 44% of cases had lymph node difficulty, while 28.9% of patients had liver metastases. In 10.5% of cases, local invasion including nearby structures was observed. The most frequent histological subtype, adenocarcinoma, was present in 60.5% of cases, attended by lymphoma in 23.6% of cases, mucinous adenocarcinoma in 10.5% of cases, and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in 5.2% of cases. It is attainable to characterize tumors using computed tomographic image findings in the way that involved intestine, time of the diseased intestinal portion, degree of stomach wall thickening, extraintestinal connection, and the association between CT depict findings and histological type, that can be a beneficial guide in the disease of malignant neoplasms of the narrow and large intestine.

Author(s) Details:

Devara Anil Kashi Vishnuvardha,
Department of Radiology, Maharajah’s Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS), Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Avinash Chandrahas Vernekar,
Department of Radiology, Burjeel Daycare Surgery Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

Nilu Malpani Dhoot,
Department of Radiology, London Northwest University Healthcare trust, United Kingdom.

Manisha Shambharkar N.,
Department of Radiology, Nidan Multispeciality Hospital and Diagnostic Center, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India.

Gajanan Rajendra Damkondwar,
Department of Radiology, HITECH Diagnostic Centre, Bhayander, Thane, Maharashtra, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NRAMMS-V5/article/view/12161

Study of Morphology of Large Intestine in 50 Donated Embalmed Cadavers | Chapter 5 | Current Progress in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 9

Aim: To study the study of plants of large entrails to document the presence of some growth or bulge.Material and Methods: A study was transported in the Department of Anatomy of K. J. Somaiya Medical College in which 50 big intestines from gave embalmed cadavers were examined for the presence of some growth or bulge.Results: In 5 cadavers a hard bulge was noticed in the distal part of downward colon. On incising, a mass was noticed in its posterior obstruction. It measured 5cm x 5cm circumscribing nearly half the lumen but not appearance any signs of impediment. Histopathology confirmed the disease of adenocarcinoma.Clinical Significance: Colon Carcinoma involves historical factors, environmental uncoverings, dietary tendencies, and inflammatory environments of the gastrointestinal tract. Death from colon malignancy usually results from metastases in the liver.  Conclusions: As colon tumor is the most coarse carcinoma accompanying high death rates, the cure is greater when the affliction is detected at inception. Early detection and screening is of excellent importance. Colonoscopy detects few colon polyps and cancers early enough that they may be doctored.

Author(s) Details:

SharadKumar Pralhad Sawant,
Department of Anatomy, K. J. Somaiya Medical College and Research Centre, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, MUHS, India.

Shaheen Rizvi,
Department of Anatomy, K. J. Somaiya Medical College and Research Centre, Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, MUHS, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPMMR-V9/article/view/11689