Assessment of Reference Curves of Birth Weight, Length, and Head Circumference for Gestational Ages: A Study from Yogyakarta, Indonesia | Chapter 1 | Research Aspects in Biological Science Vol. 7

 The reference curve for birth weight is intended to identify at-risk infants who require monitoring and evaluation. Indonesian reference curves were developed about eight years ago using only information from teaching hospitals with a narrow range of gestational ages. Depending on the birth curve being utilised, the prevalence of high risk neonates varies. The aim of this study was to update the reference curves for birth weight, length, and head circumference, as well as to compare the birth weight curves of boys and girls, first children and later children, and those in prior research. The Maternal-Perinatal database's data were taken. Only live singletons with gestational ages between 26 and 42 weeks who were delivered at Sardjito Hospital, five district hospitals, or five health facilities in Yogyakarta within 24 hours of birth were included. There were 54,599 live births of singletons. Growth curves for birth weight, length, and head circumference were created for males (53.3%) and girls (46.7%). But compared to children born later, it was much lower among first-borns. The mean birth weight was lower than in Lubchenco's study. There were no changes between the Indonesian study by Alisyahbana and this one for term newborns, however preterm infants had a lower mean birth weight. Using revised neonatal reference curves for birth weight, length, and head circumference, it was crucial to identify newborns that needed care and to categorise high risk newborns in a specific location.

Author(s) Details:

Ekawaty L. Haksari,
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sardjito General Hospital, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta 55284, Indonesia.

Harrie N. Lafeber,
Department of Pediatrics, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057,1007 MB Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Mohammad Hakimi,
Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada /Sardjito General Hospital, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta 55284, Indonesia.

Endy P. Pawirohartono,
Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sardjito General Hospital, Jl. Kesehatan No. 1, Yogyakarta 55284, Indonesia.

Lennarth Nyström,
Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RABS-V7/article/view/8040

Mating Order Establishes Male Size Advantage in the Polygynandrous Millipede Centrobolus inscriptus Attems, 1928 | Chapter 7 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol.9

 The size assortative mating of a forest species of millipede belonging to the Order Spirobolida found along the eastern coast of southern Africa was investigated. The goals are to test for size benefits in mating by controlling for SSD in multiple mating. The duration of the first mating was positively related to male length (rs=0.30, n=46, P=0.04), but inversely connected to the duration of the second mating (rs=-0.35, n=46, P=0.02). When female width (z=-0.59, n=46, 46, p=0.60) and SSD (z=-1.08, n=46, 46, p=0.28) were adjusted, male length and copulation duration were different in first and second matings (z=3.13, n=46, 46, p0.01). Female choice based on male lengths explained a mating order effect from positive to negative size advantage in mating.

Author(s) Details:

Mark Cooper,
School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V9/article/view/5871

Length and Width Correlations in Centrobolus Cook, 1897| Chapter 6 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol.9

 The size correlations of a forest genus of diplopods belonging to the order Spirobolida found along the eastern coast of southern Africa were investigated. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient Calculator was used to assess for correlations between four morphometric parameters for male and female lengths (mm) and widths (mm) collected from literature. In a study of 22 Centrobolus species, positive relationships were discovered. Male and female lengths and widths were shown to have strong positive connections. Female length and male width had a moderately favourable connection (r=0.72, Z score=3.91, n=22, p0.01). Male length and female width had a positive connection (r=0.62, Z score=3.16, n=22, p0.01). Male length/female width correlation (z=1.93, n=22, 22, p=0.05) differed from male length/female width correlation.

Author(s) Details:

Mark Cooper,
School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V9/article/view/5869

Study About Size Dimorphism and Directional Selection in Forest Millipedes | Chapter 2 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol.9

 In the diplopod genus Centrobolus, sexual size dimorphism (SSD) has a positive connection with body size. Spirobolida diplopod species can be identified using size criteria. The key components of interspecific variation in diplopod species are length, width, and rings. In six species, interspecific size variation was estimated, and data sets were checked for normality. All of the data that was observed and tested was normal. The goal was to use MEDCALC® to measure and compare intersexual variation (coefficients of variation) in length and width in nine species. There was a considerable directional selection for slender males in C. digrammus, C. inscriptus, and C. silvanus.

Author(s) Details:

Mark Cooper,
School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V9/article/view/5863

Study on Size Dimorphism in Six Juliform Millipedes | Chapter 10 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 8

 

The goal of this work was to explain Sexual Size Dimorphism (SSD) in the diplopod genera Bicoxidens, Doratogonus, Harpagophora, Julomorpha, and Orthoporoides, in which length, width, and rings are the primary components of interspecific variation. The data sets for B. brincki Schubart, [1] D. annulipes Carl, 1917, H. spirobolina (Karsch, 1881), J. hilaris Attems, 1928, J. panda (Attems, 1928), and O. tabulinus (Attems, 1914) were checked for normality. Male and female lengths differed in all species except J. hilaris, which had differing widths. Juliform millipedes appear to have shrunk in size through time, and this study reveals an intriguing finding: larger species have sexual dimorphism based on length, while smaller species have sexual dimorphism based on width. This is because of the limits imposed by a cylindrical body form, which may be modified more forcefully by reducing width than than length.

Author(S) Details

Mark Cooper
School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V8/article/view/5385

Longer Males Determined with Positive Skew and Kurtosis in Centrobolus (Diplopoda: Spirobolida: Pachybolidae) | Chapter 8 | New Visions in Biological Science Vol. 8

 In the diplopod genus Centrobolus, sexual size dimorphism (SSD) displays a positive connection with body size width. The key components of interspecific variation in diplopod species are length, width, and rings. In six species, interspecific size variation was estimated with the goal of testing data sets for skewness and kurtosis. Positive skew and positive kurtosis were found in 28 of the values, while negative skew and negative kurtosis were found in 8 of the values. The width was positively skewed in six situations and negatively skewed in four. Except for C. titanophilus, all six species had a positive length skew. When there existed size assortative mating behaviour, it was considered that longer males had a higher reproductive success due to a female preference for the greater size.

Author(S) Details

Mark Cooper
School of Animal, Plant & Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NVBS-V8/article/view/5382