Predatory Efficiency of Freshwater Fish Carassius auratus and Poecilia reticulata against Different Mosquito Larvae - An Ecofriendly Approach | Chapter 7 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 8

 Culex quinquefasciatus Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi being the reason for deadly afflictions to human beings and animals. Carassius auratus and Poecilia reticulata were used to evaluate for eating efficiency against ailments causing pest larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi and remarkable larval devouring rate was observed that C. auratus feed all 50 larvae inside 6 hours and P. reticulata feed all 50 at the end of 21st hours. Therefore, we desire C. auratus and P. reticulata can be effectively secondhand against mosquitoes for integrated heading control management programme.

Author(s) Details:

P. Devapriya,
Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem - 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.

R. Maheswaran,
Department of Zoology, Periyar University, Salem – 636011, Tamil Nadu, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V8/article/view/12627

Midgut Binding Activity of Mosquitocidal Extracellular Protein of Pseudomonas fluorescens Strain | Chapter 1 | Research Advances in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 7

 This member aimed to name the preparation of freed midgut BBMV using whole larvae and pupae of Cx. quinquefasciatus as a offset material and investigated the in-vivo binding of the mosquitocidal protein of P. fluorescens Migula B426 to the pest larvae midgut through immunohistochemical methods to decide this protein's primary home of action.Upon swallow by a susceptible pest larva, the soluble midgut environment advances solubilization of crystalline additions releasing the protoxins. Subsequent gap by gut proteases results in formation of alive toxins. The mobilized toxin fragments before bind to distinguishing protein receptors on midgut epithelial cells, superior to membrane insert and pore formation. The occupancy of 55kDa and 35kDa bands in western blot assay disclosed the binding of mosquitocidal protein to the midgut of treated larvae and pupae of Cx. quinquefascistus. The mosquitocidal protein fastens preferentially to the midgut of larvae and pupae of the pest species Cx. quinquefasciatus, in accordance with the immunofluorescence localization research. The present investigation rooted that the binding of mosquitocidal protein to the gut regions of the pupae (non-augmenting stage) by degrading the cuticle and defeating the peritrophic membrane and so found expected effective pupicidal exercise. It has been stated that the binding of the protein to the midgut epithelium causes swelling of mitochondrial and endoplasmic mesh and enlargement of vacuoles, understood by lysis of epithelial cells, midgut prick and the death of the larvae. It was found that the treated larvae and pupae had lower salty phosphatase and amino peptidase activity than the not cooked larvae and pupae. The findings presented that the enzymatic equipment of midgut cells was imperiled and the specific endeavor of the enzymes was decreased on account of protein binding to receptor molecules on Brush Border Membrane Vesicles of Cx. quinquefasciatus.

Author(s) Details:

B. Usharani,
Department of Biomedical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.

R. Venkateswari,
Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.

P. Suganthi,
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Tamil Nadu, India.

M. Muthuraj,
State TB Training and Demonstration Centre, Intermediate Reference Laboratory, Government Hospital for Chest Diseases, Puducherry, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RAMB-V7/article/view/12007

Insights on Marine Invertebrates Larvae Proteomics: Challenges and Opportunities| Chapter 8 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 4

 The challenge in adjustment of multi-omics finishes and lack of genome information disheartened sea physicists to conduct studies at proteome or genome molecular level. However, in current age, concerning details advancement in proteomics and bulk spectrometry finishes speeded the marine scientists to devote effort to something studies at microscopic level for better understanding the role of proteins in fundamental conclusion and transformation. Several research teams, in a joint cooperation work, progressed, developed, and selected contemporary proteomics electronics while demonstrating request of specific systems feasible for sea basic research. Proteomic datasets bestowed several proteins play a important act all the while larval conclusion and transformation. These proteins be a part of potential biomarkers for marine dirtiness signs, trend change markers, and antagonistic-twisting powers.

Author(s) Details:

Chandramouli Kondethimmanahalli,
IGeneX, Inc. Reference Laboratory, 556 Gibraltar Drive, Milpitas, CA 95035-6315, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V4/article/view/9271

Insight into Larvae Settlement and Anti-fouling characteristics of Marine Larvae: Next-generation Sequencing Approach| Chapter 7 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 4

 The academic and technical sea research is focused on understanding basic conclusion and metamorphosis process and believing for fear that conclusion and accumulation of offensive sea species on submerged constructions. The process of conclusion at molecular level is predominantly mysterious due to restricted genome facts available for these class. In current age, rapid mechanics progress in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have unlocked up the potential to order genome of marine useless contaminating organisms. Barnacle Balanus amphitrite, polychaete Pseudopolydora vexillosa, and Bryozon Bugula neritina transcriptome sequencing utilizing Illumina sequencers increased the microscopic genomics studies. The genome datasets presented various genes play a critical role all the while fundamental conclusion which can assistant in the design and development of novel antagonistic-twisting powers.

Author(s) Details:

Chandramouli Kondethimmanahalli,
IGeneX, Inc. 556 Gibraltar Drive, Milpitas, CA, 95035-6315, USA.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V4/article/view/9270

The First Field Evaluation of Nuclear polyhedrosis Virus against Strawberry Pest, Pentodon algerinum (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and on the Strawberry Yield| Chapter 3 | Current Topics in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

Pentodon algerinum has recently decimated the strawberry plant in Egypt. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Spodoptera littoralis Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SpliNPV) and Pentodon algerinum Nuclear polyhedrosis virus (PNPV) against Pentodon third instar larvae in the field on Fortuna strawberry in Qalubia Governorate, as well as their impact on strawberry yield in order to find a successful and safe alternative control method against this pest. The fraction of plots infected by P. algerinum larvae before PNPV and SpliNPV treatments varied from (18.18 to 48.9%) and (18.0 to 22.73%), respectively. After PNPV and SpliNPV treatments, statistical analysis revealed significant differences in percent infestation, percent infestation decrease, and percent healthy plants compared to prior treatments (the Probability (P) was 0.0 0.05). The effects of PNPV and SpliNPV are not significantly different (the Probability (P) was 1.0 > 0.05). There was also a significant difference in weight and price between (NPV virus-infected strawberry and untreated infested strawberry (P=0.005)) and (healthy strawberry and untreated infested strawberry (P=0.004). In terms of weight and price, there was no significant difference between the NPV virus-infested strawberry and the healthy strawberry (P=0.761). These findings demonstrated that PNPV and SpliNPV were effective against this insect, allowing the plant to restore its strength and production, demonstrating that PNPV and SpliNPV are safe for this plant. As a consequence, PNPV and SpliNPV can be recommended as pest biocontrol agents that are both environmentally acceptable.

Author(s) Details:

Samah M. M. Abd El-Aziz,
Department of Pests & Plant Protection, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

A. M. E. Abd El-Salam,
Department of Pests & Plant Protection, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

Magda H. Rady,
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Bouthaina A. Merdan,
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Hany M. Hussein,
Department of Pests & Plant Protection, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

El-Sayed M. A. El-Saiedy,
Department of Pests & Plant Protection, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTAS-V7/article/view/6779

Study of the Habitats, Burrowing Behavior, Physiological Adaptation and Life Cycle of Spadefoot Toad (Pelobates syriacus, Boettger, 1869) at the Southern Limit of Its Distribution in Israel | Chapter 4 | Current Research in Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences Vol. 3

 Based on observations and data collected over more than 30 years in northern Israel, this study describes the habitats, life cycle, larval growth, burrowing behavior, and terrestrial adaptation of spadefoot toads (Pelobates syriacus) in Israel. In Israel, the distribution area extends from the north in the Upper Galilee and Golan Heights (annual rainfall range of 500–1000 mm) to the south in the coastal plain (annual rainfall of about 250 mm). Among the 51 different amphibian breeding locations, Spadefoot toads used only ponds where water was available for a few months of the year, and metamorphosed populations were found around these ponds. The larvae metamorphosed in northern Israel during the summer and autumn, and in central and southern Israel during the spring. The percentage of toads burrowing was negatively correlated with soil moisture levels, indicating that burrowing behavior is more prevalent in dry conditions. Electrolyte and urea concentrations in plasma increased while burrowing The burrowing behavior of spadefoot toads helps them survive in this area near the southern limit of their range. Spadefoot toads have a highly specialized ecological niche that favors lower levels of diversity.

Author (S) Details

Gad Degani
Faculty of Science and Technology, Tel Hai Academic College, Tel-Hai, Israel and MIGAL-Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAVS-V3/article/view/1583