Intensifying Waste Management on Guam: Insights from Consumption Behaviour and Composting Initiatives | Chapter 7 | Research Advances in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 7

 

This study presented the efficacy of knowledge-based resource-recovery management to transform municipal waste into a valuable soil conditioner. Guam is a small, isolated tropical island in the western Pacific with a population of over 160,000 people. Although population growth and life style have been shown to have strong effects on the character and generation of waste, very little is known about consumption patterns and behavior of the people of Guam in this regard. Currently landfilling is the only discard method available to the island. Rapid increases in the volume and variety of solid and hazardous waste as a result of continuous economic growth, urbanization, and industrialization are a burgeoning problem for national and local governments, which must ensure effective and sustainable management of waste. Placement of huge volumes of organic waste material in landfills not only causes environmental problems for the island but in fact constitutes loss of valuable resources that could be composted and made available for land application as a soil amendment in forest lands, farm fields, and home gardens. Composting on the other hand reduces both the volume and the mass of the raw material while transforming it into a valuable soil conditioner. Here we present some of the results of survey questionnaires that was developed and conducted over the past two years that is anticipated to help waste operating managers and decision makers to determine societal consumption behavior and residential life style as the first step toward development of an effective waste-management strategy for the island of Guam. In this regards, we also presented an example of a large scale composting method developed in Isfahan, Iran, for recycling of organic wastes of municipal origin. Different zero-waste management strategies and techniques have been developed and adopted in different countries [1], but the strategy used in the city of Isfahan, Iran, which includes large-scale mechanical composting as a major component is of particular interest to Guam and the neighboring islands in the Micronesian region.

 

Author(s) Details

MH Golabi
College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA.

Kirk Johnson
College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam 96923, USA.

Takeshi Fujiwara
Solid Waste Management Research Center, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima Naka, Okayama, 7008530, Japan.

Eri Ito
Solid Waste Management Research Center, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima Naka, Okayama, 7008530, Japan.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/raeges/v7/808

Determining the Quality of Leachate at Sarbah Landfill Site at Weija, Ghana | Chapter 1 | Emerging Challenges in Environment and Earth Science Vol. 4

 

When liquid percolates through the waste mass, leachate is produced. It has numerous hazardous components that, when released into the environment, lead to numerous health issues. The goal was to evaluate the leachate quality at Accra's Sarbah landfill site in preparation for potential treatment. The biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and oil and grease concentrations were all substantial in the alkaline leachate. Several locations close to the landfill were used to collect leachate samples. Except for Fe, which was quite high, heavy metals like Cd, Zn, Pb, Mn, Cr, Hg, and Cu, and their pollution, were within the Environmental Protection Agency of Ghana's (EPA) guideline levels. According to the study, leachate may contaminate nearby water bodies. The leachate contained microorganisms, some of which have negative effects on public health. The most frequent pathogens identified in the leachates of the Sarbah dumpsite were total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC), Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Vibro spp, Bacillus spp, Yeast, and Moulds. The EPA's permitted limits for TC and FC were all exceeded at the sites due to their high concentrations. The sites with the highest concentrations were I (TC, 26 x106 CFU/100 ml; FC, 33 x 105 CFU/100 ml), and IV (TC, 18.6 x 102 CFU/100 ml; FC, 38.4 x 10 CFU/100ml). E. coli (22.4 x 105 CFU/100 ml), Salmonella (41 x 103 CFU/100 ml), and Vibro spp. are specific bacteria pathogens. There were (12 x 10 CFU/100 ml) at site I but none at site II. Among the illnesses that could be transmitted through the leachate by the principal biological contaminants are gastroenteritis, typhoid fever, dysentery, salmonellosis, cholera, malaria, intestinal worms, and upper respiratory infections.

Author (s) Details

Lyndon N. A. Sackey

Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana.

Kodwo Miezah

Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, PMB, Kumasi, Ghana.

 

View Book :-  https://stm.bookpi.org/ECEES-V4/article/view/7575

Using GIS to Determine Waste Transfer Stations in Relation to Location of Landfill Sites in the Accra Metropolis | Chapter 4 | Modern Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 5

 Accra's existing landfill sites are exceeding capacity, and land acquisition for landfill construction has become extremely difficult as a result of the city's fast development. However, given the current rate of expansion, an intermediate facility is urgently needed to avoid the creation of waste sites far from the source of generation. This is the garbage transfer station, where waste is processed and compacted in long-distance vehicles (Compactor trucks) to reduce waste transport and disposal costs. The study's goal was to use a Geographic Information System to find optimal locations for trash transfer stations in relation to landfill sites (GIS). The Geographic Positioning System was used to identify the coordinates of all the shared container sites in Accra (GPS). To aid in the analysis of the data collected, the coordinates were transformed into points using ArcGIS and Microsoft Excel 2007. With the use of the GIS, four transfer stations were identified: Ablekuman and Amomola (Transfer station 1), Oblogo and Weija (Transfer station 2), Ashongman and Agbogba (Transfer station 3), and Ashaley Botwe and Ogbozdo (Transfer station 4). (Transfer station 4). At Accra, waste transfer stations have been built (in Teshie, Achimota, and Kokomlemle), however the majority of these are on ancient landfill grounds.

Author (s) Details

Lyndon Nii Adjiri Sackey
Waste Landfills Ghana Limited, P.O Box DT 1670, Adenta, Accra, Ghana.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/MAGEES-V5/article/view/2405

Awareness Adds to Knowledge. Stage of the Art Waste Processing Facilities and Industrial Waste Treatment Development | Chapter 10 | Current Approaches in Science and Technology Research Vol. 4

 Annually, over 2 billion tonnes of municipal solid waste (MSW) are created worldwide, with a growing tendency. Diverse countries have different techniques and techniques to combat the ever-growing garbage problem, with varying levels of sustainability. Waste can be dealt in a variety of ways, and the importance of activities related to the circular economy, for example, has lately been recognised on the sustainability front. The value of recycling is also recognised, and fortunately, the waste management sector is moving toward more holistic approaches and attempting to reduce trash discharge to landfills. However, landfills will almost certainly continue to exist in some form for waste that cannot be recycled or disposed of in any other way. To restrict the amount of garbage transported to landfills and to manage landfills more efficiently, it is necessary to understand what kind of landfills will be regarded necessary and why. This investigation examined one of the most efficient and modern state-of-the-art waste facilities from a technical and waste processing standpoint. Based on the information gathered, the authors propose technologically based solutions for addressing waste handling/processing issues and reducing the need for landfills.

Author(s) Details

Maria Kilpeläinen
Lappeenranta–Lahti University of Technology LUT, School of Engineering Science, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland.

Ari Happonen
Lappeenranta–Lahti University of Technology LUT, School of Engineering Science, Yliopistonkatu 34, 53850 Lappeenranta, Finland.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CASTR-V4/article/view/1044