Study about POCUS: A Novel Method for Screening and Follow up of Foreign Bodies of Upper Esophagus- Case Series and Review of Literature | Chapter 10 | New Horizons in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 4

 Ingestion of foreign bodies (FBs) is a prevalent concern in children, with the cervical oesophagus being a common site of lodgement. Although X-ray is the most common method of detecting FB, it cannot identify radiolucent FB. In these situations, point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) may be useful.

We present two cases of FB coin ingestion, one with spontaneous coin passage discovered by POCUS in the preoperative area and the other with plastic FB ingestion (non radiopaque) identified and located by POCUS.

The use of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) of the upper airway as a research tool for proving the passage of upper esophageal sphincter The advantage of FB coin is that it can assess a patient in real time before removing them under GA, which offers potential benefits for both the practitioner and the patient. The POCUS aids in the real-time evaluation of FB coins, perhaps reducing the need for a second check X-ray, and in radiolucent FB, it can be used as a screening diagnostic tool.

Author(S) Details

Ovais Nazir
SHKM, GMC, Nalhar, Haryana, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/NHMMR-V4/article/view/6372

A Current and Evolving Treatment Landscape on Esophageal Cancer | Chapter 16 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 Overall survival for patients with many types of tumours has improved thanks to developments in cutting-edge technology, trendy diagnostic and prognostic molecular markers, and cutting-edge surgical procedures. However, there is a gap between esophageal cancer and the rapid advancements in cancer treatment found in other cancers. The 5-year survival rate for patients with esophageal cancer is just 19.9%, according to statistics from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) [1]. Poor prognosis is most likely attributable to an overabundance of patients with advanced disease at the time of diagnosis, as well as the disappointing results of present treatments. The epidemiology and recently revised staging of esophageal and esophagogastric junction tumours will be discussed in this article. Endoscopic resection, surgery, radiation therapy, and systemic therapy will be discussed individually and as components of multimodality treatment. We'll go over how targeted therapy and immunotherapy have changed the treatment environment. Clinical research is shifting away from classic empiric chemotherapy and toward more customised treatments based on molecular oncology and immunotherapy. Further research into prognostic values may aid in determining the best treatment and management strategy for patients with esophageal cancer, with the goal of improving survival. Lessons obtained in epidemiology, molecular genetics, pharmacogenomics, and precision medicine are used to inform clinical trials examining prevention, early diagnosis, and therapy of early and advanced disease.

Author(s) Details

Nicole B. Balmaceda
University of Kansas School of Medicine, University of Kansas, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.

Joaquina C. Baranda
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Westwood, KS 66205, USA.

Peter DiPasco
Department of Surgery, University of Kansas, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.

Weijing Sun
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Westwood, KS 66205, USA.

John Ashcraft
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Westwood, KS 66205, USA.

Joseph Valentino
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Westwood, KS 66205, USA.

Mazin Al-Kasspooles
Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Cancer Center, 2330 Shawnee Mission Parkway, Westwood, KS 66205, USA.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V10/article/view/1127

Open Thoracic Surgery for Removal of a Two-Year-Old Impacted Esophageal Coin and Literature Update| Chapter 12 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 Introduction: Esophageal foreign bodies, both in children and adults, are significant and severe causes of morbidity and mortality, typically due to serious complications such as perforation, necrosis, mediastinitis and fistulation. For both men and women, it has identical predilections. Fast and precise diagnosis with subsequent removal is therefore very important. Medical case: The presentation, diagnosis and surgical treatment of a 6-year-old with a 2-year history of swallowed coins locked in the oesophagus is presented and addressed. Discussion: Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, barium swallow, and chest x-ray were identified as the diagnosis. After failure of retrieval via rigid oesophagoscopy, the coin was removed by open surgery via oesophagotomy via right thoracotomy. Conclusion: Surgical treatment by thoracotomy in the form of oesophagotomy may be appropriate in some cases where endoscopic removal is ineffective in the oesophagus of affected foreign species. Whereas on chest radiographs, coins are clear, dentures are most of the time radiolucent and chest x-rays are not effective in identification.

Author(s) Details

Isaac Okyere
Department of Surgery, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi,Ghana.

Perditer Okyere

Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi,Ghana.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/316