Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) represents a significant public
health challenge, particularly in endemic regions such as Brazil. This chapter
delves into the epidemiological landscape of CL within Maranhão State, Brazil,
aiming to elucidate the intricate interplay of factors contributing to its
persistent prevalence. Drawing upon a comprehensive analysis of epidemiological
data, we explore the demographic characteristics of affected populations, the
environmental determinants influencing disease transmission, and the broader
socioeconomic contexts that shape vulnerability to this neglected tropical
disease. The narrative highlights the specific challenges encountered in
controlling CL in Maranhão and proposes forward-looking strategies for enhanced
disease management and prevention. Through a detailed examination of risk
factors, this chapter seeks to provide a didactic overview for researchers,
public health practitioners, and policymakers, fostering a deeper understanding
of CL and informing more targeted public health initiatives. These findings
underscore the critical role of sociodemographic factors, such as age, gender,
and educational attainment, in shaping the disease's burden, thereby
reinforcing the imperative for integrated health education and preventive
policies. From 2020 to 2024, 6,406 cases were registered, marked by a
significant number between the years 2020 to 2023, with a substantial decrease
in the year 2024, with only 676 cases. A higher prevalence was observed in the
ages between 20 and 39 years, and in the ages between 40 and 59 years, with
males disproportionately affected. Individuals with incomplete elementary
education had a higher incidence of confirmed cases, highlighting that lower
educational levels tend to be more vulnerable to infectious diseases due to a
limited understanding of the forms of transmission, prevention, and symptoms.
This often delays care-seeking, treatment initiation, and ongoing health
monitoring. Therefore, there is a need for health education in rural areas with
the aim of informing and raising awareness among the population about the
disease.
Author(s) Details
Maria Eduarda Santos
Ferreira
Faculty of Health Sciences Pitágoras de Codó, Codó, Brazil.
Fernanda da Silva
Ferreira
Faculty of Health Sciences Pitágoras de Codó, Codó, Brazil.
Keylla da Silva
Machado
Faculty of Health Sciences Pitágoras de Codó, Codó, Brazil.
Rodrigo Lopes Gomes
Gonçalves
Faculty of Health Sciences Pitágoras de Codó, Codó, Brazil.
Ian Jhemes Oliveira
Sousa
Faculty of Health Sciences Pitágoras de Codó, Codó, Brazil.
Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v7/6541
