The Role of Central Obesity in the Pathophysiology of Metabolic Syndrome | Chapter 21 | New Frontiers in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 10

 Obesity (usually central), hypertension, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, prothrombotic condition, and inflammation are all part of the Metabolic Syndrome. MetS has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Jean Vague linked the presence of male type (android form) adiposity to the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular illnesses, which are all major factors in the MetS, in the 1940s and early 1950s. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the International Diabetes Federation all use different criteria to establish MetS. (IDF). In these classifications, central obesity is a key component of MetS. This is largely owing to the adipocyte's pivotal involvement in the syndrome's development. The contents of this article were derived from a comprehensive internet search of relevant literature, and it attempts to review the pathophysiological significance of central obesity in the development of the metabolic syndrome's components. We advocate for early diagnosis of central obesity by basic methods such as measuring the waist circumference with a measuring tape.

Author (S) Details

G. Odoh
Department of Internal medicine, Jos UniversityTeaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

J. N. Uwakwe
Department of Internal medicine, Jos UniversityTeaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

J. O. Edah
Department of Internal medicine, Jos UniversityTeaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

J. E. Ojobi
Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Center Markudi, Nigeria.

E. K. Chuhwak
Department of Internal medicine, Jos UniversityTeaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

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Investigating the Prevalence Rates and Cardiometabolic Determinants of Diabetes Mellitus and Pre-diabetes with Projected Coronary Heart Disease at Bank Site of Brazzaville | Chapter 7 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 8

 Background: The aim of this study is to find out why Congolese bank employees are often inactive due to a lack of accurate information on the burden of dysglycemia and cardiometabolic risk. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-diabetes among Congolese bank employees, as well as the environmental, genetic, and cardiometabolic risk factors associated with T2DM and pre-diabetes. Physical inactivity, diet transfer, and epidemiological transition can all play a role in the high prevalence of metabolic disorders.

Methods: Abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were described by IDF for Europe, NCEP-ATPIII, and IDF criteria updated for Central Africa in 126 bank employees from Brazzaville, Congo, Central Africa. Framingham scores were used to measure a projected high 10-year average risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) of 20%.

Results: DM and pre-diabetes were found in 16 percent and 21.4 percent of the staff, respectively. T2DM was reported to be present in 90% of diabetics. Prediabetes was substantially correlated with ageing, high total cholesterol, high LDL-cholesterol, high conicity index, and longer urban residency after migration. Physical inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, abdominal obesity, female gender, low HDL-C, hypertension, CHD, estimated high 10-year total CHD risk, age 55 years, urban residence, Southern area residence, high socioeconomic status, single status, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, MetS/NCEP, Met, T2DM was substantially correlated with MetS/IDF for Europe and MetS/IDF for Africa. The only independent determinant of T2DM in Africa was MetS/IDF.

Conclusion: To combat the troubling rise in diabetes mellitus (DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and pre-diabetes, an immediate preventive and intervention programme is needed.

Author (s) Details

Gombet Thierry
Service des Urgences, CHU de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

Longo-Mbenza Benjamin
Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Eastern Cape, South Africa.

Ellenga-Mbolla Bertrand
Service des Urgences, CHU de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

Ikama M. Stephan
Service de cardiologie et Médecine Interne, CHU de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

Kimbally-Kaky Gisèle
Service de cardiologie et Médecine Interne, CHU de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

Nkoua Jean-Louis
Service de cardiologie et Médecine Interne, CHU de Brazzaville, Brazzaville, Congo.

Nge Okwe Augustin
Biostatistics Unit, Lomo Medical Center and Heart of Africa Center of Cardiology, Kinshasa, Congo.

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