How Far Light Travels before Dropping Below the Visible Frequency Range| Chapter 3 | New Frontiers in Physical Science Research Vol. 6

 The purpose concerning this study search out take calculations suggesting the maximum distance light travels before it attenuates beneath the seeable commonness range, that is, drops not accessible to view. The commonness of light evenly decreases as it traverses enormous distances presage (attenuates). This wonder is famous as a redshift cause apparent light has a weakness to shift toward the coral end of the range. There sooner or later comes a point at that light drops beneath the coral end of the range and is not any more seeable to us. When redshift is correctly assumed as debilitation, allure calculations allow us to reckon at what distance light drops beneath the electromagnetic frequencies. Beyond this confining distance, skilled are innumerable a lot of galaxies that are hidden to us.

Author(s) Details:

David Rowland,
61 Sandstone Drive, Hanwell, New Brunswick E3E 0C3, Canada.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NFPSR-V6/article/view/9209

Role of Multidetector Non-Contrast CT Scan in Estimation of Attenuation Value of Urinary Calculi and Predicting the Outcome of ESWL | Chapter 15 | Highlights on Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 13

 Introduction: Urolithiasis is a frequent condition that is becoming more common around the world. For patients with acute renal colic, non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) is the gold standard imaging modality. For urolithiasis, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has emerged as the therapy of choice. According to NCCT, the attenuation value in Hounsfield units is a major predictor of ESWL success. The goal of this study was to use NCCT to assess the attenuation value of urinary calculi and to compare it to the results of ESWL. Materials & Method: This study is a prospective analytical study of 75 patients with urolithiasis who have undergone NCCT and ESWL at Ramaiah Medical college and hospitals, Bengaluru, Karnataka. The study period was from November 2013 to June 2015. Results: The successful outcome post ESWL in different groups of attenuation value are 100% in group 1(<500HU), 92.6% in group 2(500-1000HU) and 33.3% in group 3(>1000HU). The failure rate was 7.3% in group 1 and 66.6% in group 3. The calculus density above 1000 HU decreases the rate of successful outcome post ESWL. Conclusion: The NCCT-estimated attenuation value (HU) of urinary calculi predicts ESWL outcome, allowing patients to be identified as candidates for ESWL.

Author (S) Details

Dr. Deepti Naik
Department of Radio-diagnosis, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, India.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/HMMR-V13/article/view/1554