Clinical Perspectives on Range of Motion in Orthopedic Conditions | Chapter 3 | Medical Science: Trends and Innovations Vol. 5

Orthopedic conditions such as osteoarthritis, rotator cuff injuries, and ligament tears are commonly associated with restrictions in Range of motion (ROM). These limitations can lead to joint stiffness, pain, and altered biomechanics, often resulting in compensatory movements that increase the risk of secondary injuries. In therapeutic contexts, restoring and optimizing ROM is a primary goal. Rehabilitation programs, including physical therapy and manual techniques, aim to enhance joint mobility, improve functional capacity, and reduce the risk of complications such as contractures or muscle imbalances. This review aims to explore clinical methods of measuring range of motion, the role of clinical observation and patient-reported outcomes, reliability and validity of ROM assessment tools and interventions related to a range of motion in orthopedic conditions to improve patient outcomes.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Jaykumar D. Soni
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

 

Niketa Patel
College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/msti/v5/4192

Contemporary Total Hip Replacement: A Basic Science Perspective | Chapter 1 | Current Topics in Medicine and Medical Research Vol.5

 

Total Hip Replacement is one of the most common operations performed in the developed world
today. Anincreasingly ageing population means that the numbers of people undergoing this operation
is set to rise. There are a numerous number of prosthesis on the market and it is often difficult to
choose between them. This paper reviews the relevant anatomical and biomechanical principles in
THA. It goes on to elaborate on the structural properties of materials used in modern implants and
looks at the evidence base for different types of fixation including cemented and uncemented
components. Modern bearing surfaces are discussed in addition to the scientific basis of various
surface engineering modifications in THA prostheses. The basic science considerations in component
alignment and abductor tension are also discussed. This article reviews basic science concepts and
the rationale underpinning the use of the femoral and acetabular component in total hip replacement.

Author(s) Details

Saqeb B. Mirza
Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.

Nirav N. Shah
Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.

Abdelhakim Kareem Edres
Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.

Karim M. Abdelghafour
Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom.

Sukhmeet S. Panesar
NHS England, United Kingdom.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/270

Research on Musculoskeletal Complications of Sickle Cell Anaemia and Their Management Approaches in Makurdi, Nigeria | Chapter 15 | Emerging Research in Medical Sciences Vol. 4

Background: Musculoskeletal complications are responsible for up to 80% of indications for presentation to the hospital by sicklers during their life time. It is important to know when to expect the complications and the treatment options available. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving all sickle cell anaemia patients treated between June 2012 and May 2017 at Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH), Makurdi, Nigeria. The data collected included age, sex, complications, anatomic site, stage of disease and treatment. Data obtained were analyzed using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows version 15.0 (SPSS, Inc; Chicago, Illinois) and presented as frequencies (%) and mean values (SD) as appropriate, P < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: Thirty one out of 85 sicklers presented with 53 musculoskeletal complications giving a prevalence rate of 36.4%.There were 18 males and 13 females with mean age of 14.2±1.03 years. Those ≤ 20 years had more complications than those 21 years and above, P=0.0001. The femur was involved in 20(37.7%) and avascular necrosis 17(20.1%) was the most common complication followed by septic arthritis 13(15.3%) and chronic osteomyelitis 8(9.4%). The mean Haemoglobin concentration 7.5±0.5 mg/dl of the patients with AVN was higher than those without it, P=0.02. Conservative treatment was employed in treatment of 40(75.7%) of the complications while others had arthrotomies and arthroplasties. Conclusion: Avascular necrosis, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis are the most common orthopaedic complication among sicklers in Makurdi. They occur predominantly in the younger age group and many are amenable to conservative treatment.

Author (s) Details
Dr. Williams T. Yongu 
Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. Itodo C. Elachi 
Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. Daniel D. Mue
 Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. Joseph N. Kortor 
Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. Joseph Orkuma 
Department of Hematology, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

Dr. M. Ochoga 
Department of Paediatrics, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria.

View Book: - http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/167