Medicinal and Phytochemical Profiling of Aegle marmelos | Chapter 4 | Contemporary Research and Perspectives in Biological Science Vol. 8

Aegle marmelos (L) is native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia and well known for its therapeutic values such as anti-diabetic activity, hepatoprotective activities, antimicrobial activity, analgesic anti-inflammatory, antifungal activity, anticancer activity, antiulcer activity, antithyroid activity, etc. Present studies report phytochemical analysis, and antifungal antibacterial screening of acetone, ethanol and methanol leaf extract of Aegle marmelos. The plant material leaves of Aegle marmelos were collected from Cove and John Ashram, Georgetown, Guyana. Leaves are dried in the oven at 50-55 ºC for 72 h. The moisture content is calculated. The dried leaves were ground and extracted in each acetone, ethanol and methanol solvent. Extracts were collected and evaporation of solvent was done on rotavapour. The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of leaf extract was examined by well diffusion, poison plate, paper disc plate and streak plate methods. Three micro-organisms (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candidus albicans) were used for the study as test organisms. In Aegle marmelos leaf extract studies, maximum and minimum antimicrobial potential was observed for methanol and acetone solvents, respectively. The antimicrobial potential of leave extract was also found to be maximum and minimum in Candida albicans and Escherichia coli, respectively in most assay studies. The maximum inhibitory zone for methanolic leaves extract of Aegle marmelos were observed to be (125 µL: 0.47mm), (125 µL: 0.51 mm), (125 µL: 0. 47mm) and (125 µL: 0.37 mm) by well diffusion, poison plate, paper disc plate and streak plate methods respectively. The phyto constituents, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenol, steroids and Phyto steroids were found to be present in the methanol leave extract of Aegle marmelos. It is concluded that Aegle marmelos extracts can be used for the treatment of tuberculosis, urinary disease, diabetes, digestive disorder, epilepsy, ulcers etc.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Brij Bhushan Tewari
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Guyana, P.O. Box: 101110, Georgetown, Guyana

 

Subramanian Gomatinayagam
University of Guyana, Berbice Campus, John Science Center, Guyana.

 

Ashish Kumar Tiwari
Advanced Center for Material Science, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-206016, Uttar Pradesh, India

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpbs/v8/3394

Medicinal and Phytochemical Profiling of Artocarpus altilis | Chapter 3 | Chemistry and Biochemistry: Research Progress Vol. 2

 Breadfruit, Artocarpus altilis, and Fosberg have been a staple food and traditional crop in the Pacific for more than 3000 years and are widely cultivated in the Caribbean and other tropical regions. Breadfruit contains phytochemicals that have the potential as an insect repellent. Medical benefits of Breadfruit extracts include cardiovascular health, good for skin, reduced diabetes, dental health, energy booster, bone health, sleep better at night, and resistance against infection. The wood of Breadfruit is one of the most valuable timbers in the construction of traditional houses. Breadfruits contain phytochemicals that have the potential as an insect repellent. Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a good source of essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine and valine). Artocarpus altilis commonly known as breadfruit, is one of the economically important trees, which is being used for fuel, food, folder, gum, dye for textiles, starch as adhesives, medicine etc. The aim of the present book chapter is to present phytochemical analysis, antifungal, antibacterial screening of acetone, ethanol and methanol leaves extract of Artocarpus altilis also to report current relevant literature on similar research interest.  The plant material leaves of Artocarpus altilis were collected from the University of Guyana Road, Cummings Lodge, Guyana. The leaves were dried in an oven at 50-55°C for 72 h. The moisture content is calculated. The dried leaves were ground and extracted in each acetone, ethanol and methanol solvent. Extracts were collected and evaporation of solvent was done on rotavapour. The respective solvent was added to the viscous semi-solid liquid extract to make up the desired volume of extract solution. The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of both plants were examined by well diffusion method, poison plate method, paper disc plate method and streak plate methods. In Artocarpus altilis leaf extract studies, maximum and minimum antimicrobial potential was observed for methanol and acetone solvent extracts, respectively. All plant extracts showed antimicrobial potential toward the organisms Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The maximum inhibitory zone for methanolic leaf extract of Artocarpus altilis was observed to be (125 µL: 0.4 9 mm against C. albicans), (125 µL: 0.53 mm against C. albicans), (125 µL: 0.51 mm against C. albicans), (125 µL: 0.36 mm against C. albicans) by well diffusion, poison plate, paper disc plate and streak plate methods, respectively.  The phytochemical analysis of the methanol leaves extract of breadfruit tested positive for flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol, phlobatannins, steroids and Phyto steroids and negative for tannins, saponins, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides. It is concluded that Artocarpus altilis plant extract can be used as an anti-diabetic, anti-pyretic, anti-diarrheal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, anti-fertility, insecticidal, anti-proliferative, immunomodulatory crude drugs. It is also found from this study that the inhibitory zone or antimicrobial potential of leaf extract increases as the amount increases.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Brij Bhushan Tewari
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Guyana, P.O. Box: 101110, Georgetown, Guyana.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cbrp/v2/3872