Impact of Climate Change on Plant Biodiversity and Its Role in Promoting a Sustainable Green Environment | Chapter 10 | Current Advances in Plant Science, Molecular Biology and Health Sector

It is well-known fact that climate, biodiversity and environment are interdependent. Climate is the pillar of good quality of life of plants, animals, nature and human beings. This study intends to examine how climate change affects plant biodiversity and explore the role of plant biodiversity in supporting and promoting a sustainable green environment. Climate change, mainly through greenhouse gases and global warming, is causing a great threat to plant and animal biodiversity as well as the loss of the green environment. The main cause of the increase in temperature is due to the presence of greenhouse gases in the air, such as CO₂, methane, ozone, nitrous oxide and others, causing a change in the weather pattern. The major effects of climate change on plants are the reduction in plant productivity due to a rise in temperature, causing many problems to life as plants are the primary producers of food for wildlife too. With the change in environment, many invasive species especially weeds, have a greater adaptability to grow and replace many native plants in the ecosystem. The sea-level rise due to global warming causes the increasing salinity in coastal areas, affecting the coastal ecosystem, particularly mangrove plants. Different parameters causing climate change have been discussed in this study. This review also illustrates the effects of climate change on various plant ecosystems—including grasslands, forests, mountains, and aquatic systems such as freshwater and mangroves—and explores potential solutions aimed at restoring a sustainable green environment on Earth. With the increasing global changes of the climate, the decline of biodiversity and habitats of plants and animals are leading to the extinction of many species of the ecosystem by exceeding the normal limit of a healthy society. Conserving and managing biodiversity is critical to maintaining the Earth’s natural systems and supporting vulnerable communities facing climate impacts. Under these circumstances, global awareness is crucial to manage the adverse effects of climate change.

 

Author(s) Details

Professor Satyesh Chandra Roy
Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study for Cell and Chromosome Research, University of Calcutta, India.

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-81-989371-7-9/CH10

The Significance of Diabetes in Orthodontic Patients: Treatment Modalities and Considerations | Chapter 16 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 6

 

The present study highlights the significance of Diabetes in Orthodontic Patients. Diabetes mellitus, often referred to simply as diabetes, is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects millions worldwide. It's not just a medical condition; it's a journey that transforms daily life for those living with it. The classical symptoms of hyperglycemia are polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia, blurring of vision. In severe cases results in ketoacidosis. The etiology of diabetes mellitus is multifactorial – an interplay of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors, primary destruction of islet cells, cancer, surgery and trauma. Orthodontic treatment was more common to be performed among adolescents and young adults. Recent advances encouraged elder individuals to seek dental clinics for orthodontic interventions.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Kumaran Vijayarangam (Associate Professor)
Department of Orthodontics, JKKN Dental College and Hospital, Kumarapalayam, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India.

 

Please See the book here :-  https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v6/651

Airborne Dilemma: An Update | Chapter 15 | Medical Research and Its Applications Vol. 6

Airborne transmission of the coronavirus that causes COVID-19 is problematic because it means the virus may be transmitted without close contact. In its most straightforward interpretation, airborne transmission refers to the ability of a virus to be spread by droplets small enough to be suspended in the air or airborne. While larger droplets quickly drop to the ground, droplets less than 5 micrometers (μm) in size, generally called aerosols, linger in the air for hours and can be moved by air currents such as those created by the air conditioner. Respiratory droplets produced during exhalation (e.g., breathing or speaking) can emit aerosols containing the influenza virus at as many as ten particles per second. Airborne viral particles travel further and are more communicable regardless of whether a mask is worn. COVID-19 is no longer a pandemic. Mutation, antiviral therapy, vaccinations, and herd immunity have reduced its virulence. Yet, immunosuppressed patients, such as those who have received organ transplantation or those who are chronically ill, are still at risk of acquiring COVID-19 and may have a severe course. Precautions should be exercised when encountering them.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

Stephen Z. Fadem
Department of Medicine-Nephrology, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas, USA.

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mria/v6/749

An Update on Air-Powder Polishing | Chapter 13 | Recent Developments in Medicine and Medical Research Vol. 14

 The most common cause of gingivitis and periodontitis is bacterial plaque. It is critical to remove this bacterial plaque in order to maintain a healthy periodontium. The amount of plaque that forms is determined by the roughness of the tooth structure. Traditional plaque removal procedures had a number of disadvantages, including the loss of healthy tooth structure, which increased dentinal hypersensitivity, a time-consuming procedure that might result in gingival lacerations and bleeding, the need to sharpen instruments, and operator fatigue. The air-powder abrasive technology achieves the desired plaque and debris clearance, surface smoothness with minimal operator fatigue, and prevents tooth structure loss, reducing hypersensitivity and gingival tissue lacerations. Powders of various compositions, particle sizes, and applications are now accessible. The abrasive powder used is determined by the equipment, the operator's preference, the type of deposit to be removed, and any medical contraindications. As a result, the newer, less abrasive air powder polishing technique is a viable alternative to oral prophylaxis.

Author(S) Details

Sharayu Rajendra Dhande
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, 404, 2nd Floor, M A Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India.

Sangeeta Muglikar
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, 404, 2nd Floor, M A Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India.

Rashmi Hegde
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, 404, 2nd Floor, M A Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India.

Prerna Ghodke
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, 404, 2nd Floor, M A Rangoonwala College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Pune, India.

View Book:- https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMR-V14/article/view/4992