Seasonal Variability of Mixed Layer Depth in the Red Sea | Chapter 1 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 6

 

Mixed layer depth (MLD), one of the most important oceanographic parameters, has been investigated in the Red Sea using in situ profiles. A monthly climatology record of MLD in the Red Sea has been derived based on in situ temperature profiles. Deep MLDs have been observed during the winter and shallow during summer. Transitional MLDs have been found during the spring and fall. Deeper MLDs were observed in the northern end of the Red Sea associated with the winter cooling of the high-saline surface waters. Further, the region north of 19 °N experienced deep mixed layers, irrespective of the season. Wind stress plays a major role in the MLD variability of the southern Red Sea, while net heat flux and evaporation are the dominating factors in the central and northern Red Sea regions. Tokar gap winds and ocean eddies significantly changes the MLD structure in the Red sea.

 

Author (s) Details

C. P. Abdulla
Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.

 

M. A. Alsaafani
Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.

 

T. M. Alraddadi
Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.

 

T. T. M. Asharaf
Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.

 

A. M. Albarakati
Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.

  Please see the book here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/eieges/v6/7654A

Seasonal Variability of Mixed Layer Depth in the Red Sea | Chapter 1 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 6

Mixed layer depth (MLD), one of the most important oceanographic parameters, has been investigated in the Red Sea using in situ profiles. A monthly climatology record of MLD in the Red Sea has been derived based on in situ temperature profiles. Deep MLDs have been observed during the winter and shallow during summer. Transitional MLDs have been found during the spring and fall. Deeper MLDs were observed in the northern end of the Red Sea associated with the winter cooling of the high-saline surface waters. Further, the region north of 19 °N experienced deep mixed layers, irrespective of the season. Wind stress plays a major role in the MLD variability of the southern Red Sea, while net heat flux and evaporation are the dominating factors in the central and northern Red Sea regions. Tokar gap winds and ocean eddies significantly changes the MLD structure in the Red sea.

Author(s) Details:

C. P. Abdulla,
Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.

M. A. Alsaafani,
Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.

T. M. Alraddadi,
Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.

T. T. M. Asharaf,
Applied Research Center for Environment and Marine Studies, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.

A. M. Albarakati,
Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V6/article/view/13061

Seasonal, Interannual and Long-term Sea-level Changes in the Arabian Gulf | Chapter 2 | Current Advances in Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Vol. 5

The current chapter investigates the short-term, long-term, and seasonal sea-level fluctuations in the Arabian Gulf. In the Arabian Gulf, currents generated by density, winds, and tides are the main circulators. With a peak in November and a trough in April, the sea level is typically high in the autumn and low in the spring. The pattern of sea-level variations in the nearby marginal basin is very different from, or virtually opposite, the sea-level variability in the Arabian Gulf (Red Sea). The examination of low-passed sea level using Principal Component Analysis has revealed that the first mode of fluctuation accounts for 87.9% of the long-term variability. The Northern Arabian Gulf's long-term linear sea level trends are 2.58 mm/year and 3.14 mm/year, respectively, with a total average of 2.92 mm/year. With a basin average trend of 4.29 mm/year, the long-term linear trends in sea level for the post-2000 period are 4.06 mm/year and 4.44 mm/year, respectively. By 2050, the sea level in the Arabian Gulf is expected to rise by 8.1 cm, 1.3 cm, and 6.8 cm, and by 16.9 cm, 17.7 cm, and 39.1 cm, according to the numerical estimates for the RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 scenarios.

Author(s) Details:

Cheriyeri Poyil Abdulla,
Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia and Department of Physical Oceanography, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-682016, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAGEES-V5/article/view/7527