The Effect of Photobiomodulation on the Depth of Local Anesthesia in Dentistry | Chapter 5 | Medicine and Medical Research: New Perspectives Vol. 3

 

Pain is defined as an "unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage," and is significantly influenced by an individual's past and present experiences. Most dental procedures, such as extractions, pulpotomies, root canal treatments, abscess draining, and oral surgeries, require local anesthesia, which can be uncomfortable and exacerbated by fear and anxiety. Effective pain management is critical in dentistry to improve patient comfort and procedure success. This review explores the impact of photobiomodulation (PBM) on enhancing the effectiveness and depth of local anesthesia in dental procedures. PBM has been shown to enhance local anesthesia through mechanisms such as mitochondrial stimulation, modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium ion regulation, and nitric oxide (NO) production. Experimental studies demonstrate that PBM can significantly reduce pain during local anesthetic injections, decrease the need for additional doses, and improve overall patient comfort. This non-invasive technique is particularly beneficial for pediatric patients and those with dental anxiety or special needs. By leveraging the biological effects of light at the cellular level, PBM represents a promising adjunctive therapy in dentistry, offering improved pain management and patient outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize PBM protocols and fully integrate this technology into dental practice.

 

Author(s) Details

Nada Tawfig Hashim
Department of Periodontics, RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al-Khaimah, UAE.

 

Muhammed Mustahsen Rahman
Department of Periodontics, RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al-Khaimah, UAE.

 

Bakri Gobara Gismalla
Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan

 

Nancy Soliman Farghal
Department of Endodontics, Rak College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras-Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mmrnp/v3/1442

Outcome of Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy (URSL) under Local Anesthesia (LA) as a Day Care Procedure in Patients: An Experience in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences | Chapter 4 | New Visions in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 3

 Background: Ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) has been usually performed under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia. URSL under local anesthesia (henceforth, local URSL) is not usually performed, largely due to a fear of the risk of ureteral injury caused by painful jerky movement by the patient or of the patient complaining of pain during the procedure.

 

Aim: We report early results of URSL under local anesthesia (LA) as a day care procedure in Department of Urology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) hospital on aspects of per operative pain, completion of procedure, stone clearance, hospital stay, complications and patient compliance.

 

Materials and Methods: Patients with lower ureteric calculus attending urology outpatient department, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS) Hospital during August 2011 to February 2012 underwent URSL under LA-analgesia as day care procedure. The results are analyzed on aspects of perioperative pain, completion of procedure, stone clearance, hospital stay, complications and patient compliance. Institutional ethical clearance and written informed consent for the procedure taken from all patients for the study.

 

Results: A total of 30 patients with lower ureteric calculus size ranging from 8 to 15 mm underwent URSL with Double J stenting under local anesthesia in RIMS urology operation theatre. Twenty-four patients completed the procedure in single session, five required two sessions (four with ureteric stricture DJ stent kept for passive dilation and one patient had edematous non visualized ureteric orifice) and another patient converted to open ureterolithotomy due to hard stone resistant to our pneumatic energy. None of the patients required hospital stay following the procedure except for two patients for IV antibiotics. The visual analog scale was mild in 15 patients, moderate in 10 and severe in five patients. Dysuria with transient hematuria was the most common complication; all were managed conservatively on OPD basis. Overall patient compliance for this procedure was excellent.  The infrastructure of service and staffing required is also major limitations. Furthermore, the physician or the patient may be reluctant to undertake the procedure on an out-patient basis. This study was formulated to highlight the success of local URSL in the treatment of mid and lower ureteric stones.

 

Conclusion:  Given the extreme discomfort the patient is experiencing, ureteric colic is considered a urological emergency. The idea of URSL as a day care procedure began in our department due to the lengthy wait times for routine OT, the concern of obstructive uropathy with urosepsis and the ensuing decline in renal function, and the positive early results of this procedure in carefully chosen patients.

Author(s) Details:

Somarendra Khumukcham,
Department of Urology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Sandeep Gupta,
Department of Urology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Bijit Lodh,
Department of Urology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Sholay Meitei Kangjam,
Department of Urology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Kaku Singh Akoijam,
Department of Urology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Rajendra Singh Sinam,
Department of Urology, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NVMMS-V3/article/view/13952

New Standardized Loco-Regional Anesthesia Based for Dacryocystorhinostomy: Role for Blunt Canula Ultrassonographic Guided | Chapter 2 | Research Developments in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2

 Epiphora is a universal ophthalmologic problem that frequently demands referral to an oculoplastic specialist. If the lower lacrimonasal channel is completely obstructed, however, there can be mild to severe snags that necessitate surgery to specify a new drainage path. The surgical process used at the institutions place this study was conducted, the outside dacryocystorhinostomy with silicon intubation, had better long-term results. This item presents a revision of 218 consecutive cases from December 2016 to June 2021 in two specific centers with the same patterned surgical and anesthetic technique. In this phase, 242 surgical prontuaries were selected, with 218 contents the inclusion tests. 13% of patients required supplementary anaesthetic infusion superior to surgery, 2.7% required field sleep-inducing or numbing drug infusion during section, and 6.4% required supplementary temperance, indicating a definite outcome because the number of subjects with intraoperative complaints was reduced and overall comfort was high. After 24 hours, no patient required pain drug, according to the follow-up.This study desires that the presented technique is possible as an outpatient process with minimal, gentle, and tolerable side effects.

Author(s) Details:

Hugo C. T. Siqueira,
Department of Anesthesiology, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados (CEPOA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital do Olho (HO) Julio Candido de Brito, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.

Clarissa M. M. Stoffel de Siqueira,
Department of Ophthalmology, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados (CEPOA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Marlon Miguel Bianchi de Lima,
Department of Ophthalmology, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados (CEPOA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Leonardo T. C. Lins,
Department of Oculoplastics, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados (CEPOA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and Hospital do Olho (HO) Julio Candido de Brito, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RDMMS-V2/article/view/9953

An Overview of Ultrasound-guided Peribulbar Block with Blunt Canula for Cataract Surgery| Chapter 11 | Perspective of Recent Advances in Medical Research Vol. 7

 Cataract medical procedure is individual of ultimate common processes performed general. There are miscellaneous alternatives for sleep-inducing or numbing drug management, accompanying so many determinants doing the choice of some likely method, based on the necessities of the patient, the selections of the physician, and the bland abilities and processes. Despite being more obtrusive than topic induced absence of feeling and bearing conceivably hazardous aftereffects, peribulbar block is an efficient and active method. Peribulbar sleep is predominantly took advantage of for eye section, in many subspecialities, as glaucoma, corneal, vitreo-retinal and cataract incision. The use of a blunt canula and ultrasound counseling grant permission enhance the security pattern for this arrangement. From February 2016 to January 2022, 1089 consecutive cases of subjects withstanding waterfall incision under peribulbar induced absence of feeling accompanying blunt canula and ultrasound guidance were inspected. There were 1318 surgical records preferred, accompanying 1089 conference the addition criteria. There was better predominance of the girlish grammatical rules applying to nouns that connote sex or animateness (54%), accompanying the middle age of 64.3 (28-102) years. Mean IAV was 2.9mL (sd 0,16mL, 2.5 – 3.0mL), accompanying total HOS 91.1%; OR to reach G2 or above each (ISB/IMB) was 11.0; CA was 47.9%, accompanying mean FAV of 4.29mL (sd 2.17mL, 2.5-15mL); In 8.9% inmates, HOS commit not be adequately noticed. ISB, IMB, CA e FAV were deliberate to two together groups (non-HOS and HOS-only). OR for CA (non-HOS/HOS-only) was 126.21. There was no process respite on account of an sleep-related unfavorable occurrence. This study plans that the depicted method is possible in an outpatient background, accompanying depressed, gentle, and acceptable side effects.

Author(s) Details:

Hugo Camara Tinoco de Siqueira,
Escola Carioca de Anestesia Oftalmológica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and Hospital do Olho Julio Candido de Brito, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.

Clarissa Maria Motta Stoffel de Siqueira,
Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Marlon Miguel Bianchi de Lima,
Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Leonardo Teixeira Carneiro Lins,
Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Oculistas Associados, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and Hospital do Olho Julio Candido de Brito, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PRAMR-V7/article/view/9323

Modifications of Local Anesthesia for Dental Procedures in Medically Compromised Patients: A Review| Chapter 5 | Current Innovations in Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 10

 The connection of local anesthetic, the vasoconstrictor working in it, and the patient's health has long been examined, examined, and changed. The number of issues connected to the aforementioned traits has expanded in addition to medical and dental practices. The habit of local anesthetic agents and the vasoconstrictors working with bureaucracy in dental practice is reviewed here concerning the medically challenged subjects' circumstances.

Author(s) Details:

Upasana Mohapatra,
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneshwar, India.

Susant Mohanty,
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneshwar, India.

Ramesh Nagarajappa,
Dhruva Dental Care, Kasavanahalli, Bangalore - 560035, Karnataka, India.

Dharmashree Satyarup,
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneshwar, India.

Sailaja Panda,
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneshwar, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CIMMS-V10/article/view/8865