Sharing Experience Regarding Screening of Intestinal Parasite by Laboratory and Ultrasonographic Analysis among Agricultural Workers in Rural Nigeria | Chapter 14 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 

Background: Parasite load (PL) is a measure of the number and virulence of the parasites that a host organism harbors, while quantitative parasitology deals with measures to quantify PL in samples of hosts and to make statistical comparisons of parasitism across host samples. An estimated 450 million people worldwide suffer from intestinal parasites (IP), which are organisms that live and struggle within their host for harm or symbiosis. The majority of these cases occur in developing nations, where they primarily affect schoolchildren, rural residents, and peasant farmers. Over 3 billion people are infected with IP globally. PL in our locality has not been assessed, or determined, and comparisons made based on biographic data of the peasant farmers.

Objective: The study was aimed at determining the PL of peasant farmers in Emekuku by Laboratory and Sonographic examinations.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design with a purposive non-probability sampling technique was used to select 126 subjects within the age group of 20 years to 90 years of both sexes. Stool specimens were collected, Wet preparation and Concentration Methods were used for laboratory investigation and comparisons were made. Sonography was used for the confirmation and characterization of IP. Data were analyzed with simple descriptive statistics and chi-square.

Results: Wet preparation technique recorded 10 (7.94%) positive cases while the Concentration method recorded 44 (34.92%) positive cases (P < 0.05). Ascaris lumbricoides amongst other IPs had the highest manifestation in the study, most prevalent in the age group 80 to 89 years,10 (62.5%) and more occurring in the female 10 (15.87%) and significant (P =0.039967). Sonographic indices for confirmation of IP were 4 (80.0%) out of 5. Sonography plays a complementary role to Laboratory investigation to confirm the presence of IP, location, and complications of the parasitic load.

Conclusion: Sonography complements the role of Laboratory stool analysis for the presence, characterization, location, and complications of IP such as Ascaris lumbricoides. Sonography complements the role of the Concentration method of Laboratory stool analysis better than the Wet Preparation method for the presence, characterization, location, and complications of IP such as Ascaris lumbricoides.

 

Author(s) Details :-

 

E. A. Odumeru
Department of Medical Imaging Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Remera Campus, Kigali, Rwanda.

C. B. Njoku
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State College of Health and Management Sciences, Amaigbo, Nigeria.

C. Enwuru
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State College of Health and Management Sciences, Amaigbo, Nigeria.

K. Agwunobi
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State College of Health and Management Sciences, Amaigbo, Nigeria.

M. Mukangendo
Department of Medical Imaging Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Remera Campus, Kigali, Rwanda.

I. Kayitesi
Department of Medical Imaging Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Remera Campus, Kigali, Rwanda

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rudhr/v7/406

A Retrospective Study of the Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in Mogadishu, Somalia for the Years 2018 to 2022 | Chapter 7 | Research Perspectives of Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 

Determining the frequency of parasitic agents within the human population in a particular region is important for the development of preventive interventions and treatment strategies. This study, aimed to determine the 5-year prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients admitted to the Microbiology laboratory of a tertiary hospital in Somalia. Intestinal parasites; Types of patients, age and sex of the patients, and the distribution by years were studied. Fecal samples were collected in fecal containers. Stool samples were examined using wet preparation, native lugol and trichrome staining methods. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS V23 software and a P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. One or more parasites were detected in 6766 of 56,824 stool samples examined. It was observed that Giardia lamblia had a higher prevalence than other parasites (60.84%) in a five-year period. Entamoeba histolytica (33.07%) was in second rank and Ascaris lumbricoides (3.18%) was in third rank according to their prevalence. When the distribution of the parasite population by gender was evaluated; no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.235). When the frequency of parasites was evaluated according to age groups, it was seen that the prevalence of parasites between the ages of 0–15 was higher (45.5%) compared to other age groups. A statistically significant difference was found between the distribution of parasite groups according to age groups (p < 0.001). The fact that the parasite rate we found in our study was 11.9% showed that parasitic diseases continue to be an important health problem that needs to be combated in our region. Developing effective treatment protocols is as important as taking preventive measures to combat infectious diseases caused by parasites.

 

Author(s) Details

Serpil Dogan
Department of Medical Microbiology, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Said Mohamed Mohamud
Department of Medical Microbiology, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud
Department of Education, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Ahmed Mohamed Ali Orey
Department of Infectious Diseases, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Zerife Orhan
Department of Medical Microbiology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Vocational School of Health Services, Kahramanmaras, Turkiye.

 

Please see the link:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rpmab/v5/1153

 

Sharing Experience Regarding Screening of Intestinal Parasite by Laboratory and Ultrasonographic Analysis among Agricultural Workers in Rural Nigeria | Chapter 14 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 

Background: Parasite load (PL) is a measure of the number and virulence of the parasites that a host organism harbors, while quantitative parasitology deals with measures to quantify PL in samples of hosts and to make statistical comparisons of parasitism across host samples. An estimated 450 million people worldwide suffer from intestinal parasites (IP), which are organisms that live and struggle within their host for harm or symbiosis. The majority of these cases occur in developing nations, where they primarily affect schoolchildren, rural residents, and peasant farmers. Over 3 billion people are infected with IP globally. PL in our locality has not been assessed, or determined, and comparisons made based on biographic data of the peasant farmers.

Objective: The study was aimed at determining the PL of peasant farmers in Emekuku by Laboratory and Sonographic examinations.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design with a purposive non-probability sampling technique was used to select 126 subjects within the age group of 20 years to 90 years of both sexes. Stool specimens were collected, Wet preparation and Concentration Methods were used for laboratory investigation and comparisons were made. Sonography was used for the confirmation and characterization of IP. Data were analyzed with simple descriptive statistics and chi-square.

Results: Wet preparation technique recorded 10 (7.94%) positive cases while the Concentration method recorded 44 (34.92%) positive cases (P < 0.05). Ascaris lumbricoides amongst other IPs had the highest manifestation in the study, most prevalent in the age group 80 to 89 years,10 (62.5%) and more occurring in the female 10 (15.87%) and significant (P =0.039967). Sonographic indices for confirmation of IP were 4 (80.0%) out of 5. Sonography plays a complementary role to Laboratory investigation to confirm the presence of IP, location, and complications of the parasitic load.

Conclusion: Sonography complements the role of Laboratory stool analysis for the presence, characterization, location, and complications of IP such as Ascaris lumbricoides. Sonography complements the role of the Concentration method of Laboratory stool analysis better than the Wet Preparation method for the presence, characterization, location, and complications of IP such as Ascaris lumbricoides.

 

Author(s)details:-

 

E. A. Odumeru
Department of Medical Imaging Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Remera Campus, Kigali, Rwanda.

 

C. B. Njoku
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State College of Health and Management Sciences, Amaigbo, Nigeria.

C. Enwuru
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State College of Health and Management Sciences, Amaigbo, Nigeria.

 

K. Agwunobi
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State College of Health and Management Sciences, Amaigbo, Nigeria.

 

M. Mukangendo
Department of Medical Imaging Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Remera Campus, Kigali, Rwanda.

 

I. Kayitesi
Department of Medical Imaging Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Remera Campus, Kigali, Rwanda

 

Please See the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/rudhr/v7/406

Occurrence of Intestinal and Urine Parasite Prevalence in Alkhalawi Students, Sudan: A Cross-Sectional Investigation | Chapter 3 | Recent Updates in Disease and Health Research Vol. 3

Background: Parasitic diseases were some of the leading causes of global mortality, with higher burdens of prevalence in developing countries, especially regions of the world with contaminated water and poor personal hygiene. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of intestinal and urinary parasites among Alkhalawi students in Rabak City, White Nile State, Sudan.
 
Subjects and Methods: In this study, 150 stool and 150 urine samples were collected from Alkhalawi students (all were males). The stool samples were processed by direct wet preparation and the formalin-ether concentration technique (FECT), and the urine samples were processed by the sedimentation technique.
 
Results: The results revealed that out of the 150 stool and 150 urine samples, 37 were found positive for intestinal and urinary parasites; this constituted an overall prevalence rate of 12.3%. The highest prevalence rate (28%) was reported among the 11-15-year-old age groups, while the lowest prevalence rate (0%) was reported among the 21-25-year-old age groups. The prevalence rate of different parasites was as follows: Giardia lamblia (11.3%), Entamoeba histolytica (8%), Hymenolepis nana (2.7%), and Schistosoma haematobium (3.3%). The prevalence of intestinal parasites (21.3%) was higher than that of urinary parasites (3.3%). The study showed that 24% were infected with a single infection, and 0.6% were infected with a mixed infection.
 
Conclusion: From the result, we concluded that intestinal and urinary parasites are highly prevalent among the Alkhalawi students in Rabak City. Giardia lamblia is more likely to occur among the Alkhalawi students followed by Entamoeba histolytica. The highest infection rate was reported among the 11-15-year-age groups. The formalin-ether concentration technique proved to be more efficient than the direct wet preparation technique.

Author(s) Details:

Nabig Alhag Gasoum Ali,
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan.

Husameldin Abdalla Bakhit,
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, White Nile University, White Nile State, Kosti City, Sudan.

Mohammed Baha Eldin Ahmed Saad,
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Ahlia University, Omdurman, Sudan.

Monadel Mohammed Ahmed Zain Alabeden,
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Ahlia University, Omdurman, Sudan.

Aisha Abbas Alsadig,
Veterinary Research Administration, Soba, Sudan.

Yousif Mohammed Yousif Ballal,
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, White Nile University, White Nile State, Kosti City, Sudan.

Alaaeldeen Balal Ahmed,
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan and Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, White Nile University, White Nile State, Kosti City, Sudan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RUDHR-V3/article/view/13547

Parasitic Infections of the Alimentary Canals in Humans | Chapter 3 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 4

 Parasitic gastrointestinal tract infections (Alimentary Canal) are the world's biggest cause of morbidity and mortality, and Jos in particular. This chapter discussed potential food canal parasites with a view to controlling them, beginning with Jos Nigeria. Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and Schistosoma mansoni are three major intestinal parasites found among students of tertiary institutions in Jos. Four intestinal parasites, which are soil-borne helminths, are prevalent among children in Jos primary school: Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichuria, and Strongyloides stercolaris. Lettuce, Cabbage, Carrot, Spinach, Green Pepper, Cucumber, Beetroot, Tomatoes, Garden Egg, and Green Beans have been suspected of being carriers of various intestinal parasites available in Jos, such as: Hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichuria, Strongyloides stercoralis, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lambia. By drinking very good water, adequate hygiene and proper vegetable washing and probable eradication of musca domestica (house fly), which is another transmitter of such intestinal parasites, and daily dewarming in Jos and other parts of the world, the intestinal parasites can be regulated. This study shows that, and the morbidity they cause, intestinal parasitic infection is a major public health issue worldwide. It is important to improve interventions aimed at their control and prevention, and to take various steps to reduce the rate of infection to the levels at which it ceases to be of public health significance. As a result of the advancement of primary health care, focused on community support and intersectional cooperation, this may be possible at fair expense.

Author(s) Details

I. R. Jwanse
Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos, Nigeria.

O. R. Ejinaka
Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos, Nigeria.

P. I. Agbalaka
Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos, Nigeria.

M. U. Obeta
Federal School of Medical Laboratory Science, Jos, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/359