A Brief study about Alzheimer’s Disease and Stem Cell | Chapter 11 | Emerging Trends in Disease and Health Research Vol. 7

 Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent kind of dementia, characterised by a rapid deterioration in one's ability to retain memories, think coherently, and eventually function independently.

The processes responsible for maintaining normal protein composition begin to deteriorate with age, causing several alterations in the human body. The Alzheimer's Society promotes the advancement of stem cell research in order to better understand dementia's causes and identify novel treatments. Recent study has shown that stem cells can increase synaptic strength, microglial activity, angiogenesis, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and apoptosis in animal models of Alzheimer's disease.

Based on recent observations showing neurogenesis decreases drastically in Alzheimer's disease patients compared to healthy individuals, neural stem cells (NSC) are forming a new element of disease manifestation. Furthermore, the finding of exosomes produced from mesenchymal stem cells is regarded as a novel way to intercellular communication that has provided new insight on the development of disease-modifying therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease.

Currently, the use of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) technology appears to be a potential method for developing trustworthy models, gaining a better understanding of the genesis of the pathological process of Alzheimer's disease, and screening effective anti-AD medications.

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs)-derived three-dimensional (3D) brain organoid systems have shown great promise in recreating key characteristics of AD pathogenesis, such as amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangle-like formations.

Author(S) Details

A. El Shawarby
Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

S. M. M. Omar
Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt and Histology Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Egypt.

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Determination of Mass Acquisition of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell | Chapter 10 | Recent Research Advances in Biology Vol. 9

 The periodontal ligament (PDL) is a fibrous tissue that helps keep teeth in place in the alveolar bone socket. In addition, PDL tissue cushions occlusal force, maintains alveolar bone height, allows orthodontic tooth movement, and connects tooth roots to bone. Severe periodontitis, deep cavities, and trauma damage this tissue irreversibly, eventually resulting in tooth loss due to the destruction of tooth retention. These diseases affect a large number of people around the world, and their prevalence rises with age. To address this problem, regenerative therapy for PDL tissue that has been injured as well as The potential and effectiveness of stem cells, scaffolds, and cytokines, as well as their combination uses, have been widely explored in the surrounding tissues. PDL stem cells (PDLSCs) have received a lot of attention. Because of the restricted number of PDLSCs available in vivo, I present thorough investigations on PDLSCs performed in vivo and recent findings concentrating on the acquisition of large numbers of PDLSCs for therapeutic applications in this review.

Author (s) Details

Hidefumi Maeda
Department of Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 8128582, Japan.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RRAB-V9/article/view/2011